...We must begin to look at the different scenarios that led to the arrest of Jack after he fled a murder and attempted murder crime scene. Behind each murder or attempted murder, in this case, we must show whether individual intentions were to commit such an act and if that act was ever attempted. When one murders an individual or attempt to murder an individual, charges should be brought against them. The statutory standard for an Attempted charge is defined as ‘a person is guilty of an attempt to commit a crime if there was intent, substantial step toward committing the act, and failure to commit the crime (Lippman, 2010, pg. 191). There are three key elements behind an individual attempt at crime; “an intent or purpose to commit a crime, an act or acts toward the commission of the crime, and a failure to commit the crime” (Lippman, pg. 191). In this particular case there should have been a charge of attempted murder as the three elements exist. In Jack’s attempt to shot Bert, it showed intent, an attempt, and, fortunately for Jack, a failure at committing the actual crime. As you can see, by the steps outlined of Jack actions, when he approached the car to kill Bert his intention were to murder an individual. Per definition murder is defined as “the crime of unlawfully killing a person especially with malice aforethought” (Merriam-Webster, 2012). The unlawful killing took place when he shot at the two individual in the car, killing Pratt, however only showing attempt...
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...do not have equal opportunities or access to those same educational and occupational opportunities. Instead of pursuing legal means to increase their wealth, some of the people who commit white collar crimes are those from the lower and middle classes who are stressed and strained due to finances and their jobs. (Robert W. Taylor, 2011) According to the strain theory, individuals who commit white collar digital crimes feel a sense of entitlement to financial and occupational success because life hasn’t been fair. They have been divorced, lost a significant other, lost their job, or had some other sort of negative situation in their lives. When an individual feels as though they are a failure, they may be more likely to turn to crime as a means of success. (Robert W. Taylor, 2011) The strain theory is the most relevant theory as to why people may turn to committing digital crimes because at one point or another in our lives everyone has had a feeling of inadequacy or failure in some aspect of our lives. Since it is not an uncommon feeling, the strain theory provides an explanation as to why certain people are more inclined to commit white collar digital crimes. If an individual has been successful and suddenly experiences financial or occupational failure, their inability to cope with that failure may push them to engage in digital criminal activities such as money laundering, corporate espionage, or embezzlement in order to keep...
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...state diagram and discuss the typical states that a transaction goes through during execution. Figure1. State Diagram of a Transaction Source: Author Begin transaction: This indicates the beginning of a transaction Active phase: in this phase the running of the database operations or write sql queries for perform the tasks is done Partially committed: After performs the needed operations the transaction indicates end state and come to the phase partially committed and store in the buffer but not permanently. Committed: If the transaction was successfully executed it comes to the commit state and indicates the database that the operation was success. Page 1 Fail : if any failure occur during the transaction before committed it comes to the fail state. The system failures can occur as transaction, system and media failures. Terminate: after successfully committed or the rollback after the failures finally it indicate the...
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...Here is your essay on “Euthanasia” (Right to Die) in India: There are several circumstances in our human life in which we wish to end our life, such as in case of incurable disease, cruel or unbearable conditions of life, a sense of shame or disenchantment with life, etc. Nowadays the complications of human life have increased in wide range. In this competitive world to live with comfort, mental peace and satisfaction is not an easy task, a greed of more and more happiness does not let us sit calm and everyone wants basic amenities of life which are essential to live with happiness, it is the responsibility of state to protect individual from external aggression as well as to provide basic amenities for his survival with the emerging concept of welfare state. But if anyone could not get these basic amenities for his survival, or suffering with incurable disease and proceeding towards death slowly whether in such situation can he end his life? It is the most debatable questions whether a person should have a right to die like a right to live. In our constitution there is provision for Right of Life under Article 21. But there is no such Right like right to die. On the other hand, if any person tries to end his life, he is made punishable under section 309 of Indian penal code. The question first arose in case of State of Maharashtra v. Maruty Sripati Dubai, 1987 Cr. LJ 549 that whether the ‘Right to Die’ is included in Art. 21 of the constitution before Bombay High court...
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...for example, a pecuniary penalty order under section 1317G or a disqualification order under section 206C. ASIC is permitted to commence separate civil proceedings if it wishes to pursue civil remedies following an unsuccessful prosecution.62 ASIC is able to disqualify directors from managing corporations for certain periods of time due to the directors’ contravention of their general, statutory or constitutional duties. For example, in a statement dated 5 December 2006, ASIC banned nine directors of failed companies for their individual breaches, including trading while insolvent, uncommercial and fraudulent transactions, failure to exercise duties in good faith and in the best interests of the corporation, failure to maintain proper financial records, failure to pay taxes due to the Australian Taxation Office (ATO), failure to pay statutory debts, and failure to provide administrators with a statement of company affairs.63 Mr. Stephen Vizard, the defendant who was a director of Telstra, one of Australia’s largest public companies invested in listed shares through a company named Creative Technology Investments Pty Ltd ("CTI"). The sole director and member of CTI was Mr Lay, Mr Vizard's accountant. CTI entered a loan agreement with Brigham Pty Ltd ("BPL"), a trustee company. Mr Vizard, his wife and their children beneficially held the shares in BPL and were beneficiaries of the related trust. Pursuant to the loan agreement, BPL would loan funds to CTI to purchase a share portfolio...
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...Catherine Wadbrook People commit criminal acts because they either have a mental illness or the environment in which they were raised. Although the mentally disordered are at greater risk for committing crimes, than the average person, they are few in number and thus their crimes constitute only a very small proportion of all crimes committed. The mentally ill most at risk for committing violent acts are the homeless, those who use alcohol and other drugs, and those who do not take their medications.” Chapter 10 Minds and Crimes: Alcohol, Drugs & Mental Illness”, n.d). (pp. 33-34) Individuals living in poverty often find it hard to deal with life on a regular basis, many will choose to steal or do drugs, which can lead to them committing other crimes. Some people see committing crimes as their only option to make a living so they turn to a life of crime. People commit criminal acts because they either have a mental illness or the environment in which they were raised. Due to family tension anyone can go as far as committing crime no matter what. Most of us have criminalistics tendencies at certain times. A child, particularly, living in a family where the emotional tension is acute as well as continuous, will become sensitized to crime. The person remembers their painful memories about their childhood memories that will result in aggression. When their conscience hasn’t been sufficiently developed they can commit a crime under pressure of certain...
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...and Mutiny in the High Seas or in the Philippine Waters ii. Rebellion iii. Coup d’état iv. Murder v. Kidnapping and Serious Illegal Detention B. Under Special Laws i. Arson under P.D. 1613 ii. Violation of R.A. 6969 (Toxic Substance ad Nuclear Waste Control) iii. R.A. 5207 ( Atomic Energy Regulatory and Liability Act of 1968) iv. Hijacking v. Piracy in Phil. Waters and Highway Robbery vi. P.D. 1866 ( Possession and Manufacture of Firearms/explosives) thereby sowing and creating a condition of widespread and extraordinary fear and panic among the populace, in order to coerce the government to give in to an unlawful demand” III. Requirements for Terrorism A. The accused (maybe a single individual or a group) must commit any of the enumerated crimes B. There results a condition of widespread and extraordinary fear and panic among the populace i. The extent and degree of fear and panic, including the number of people affected in order to meet the term “populace”, are questions of facts to be determined by the courts and on a case to case basis. ii. Is the term “populace’ to be interpreted as referring to the local inhabitants where the acts were committed, or does it refer to the national population? C. The purpose of the accused must be to coerce the government to give into an unlawful demand i. The word “demand” is too broad as to cover not only political,...
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...* Common Threats to an AIS Natural and Political Disasters | Software Errors and Equipment Malfunctions | Fire or excessive heat, Floods, Earthquakes and landslides, Hurricanes, tornadoes and high winds, Blizzards, snowstorms, and freezing rain, war and attacks by terrorists. | Hardware or software failures, Software errors or bugs, Operating system crashes, Power outages and fluctuations, undetected data transmission errors | Unintentional Acts | Intentional Acts | Accidents caused by human carelessness, failure to follow established procedures, and poorly trained or supervised personnel, innocent errors or omissions, lost, erroneous, destroyed, or misplaced data, logic errors, systems that do not meet company needs or are incapable of handling tasks. MOST LOSSES OCCUR HERE! | Sabotage, which is destroying a system, computer fraud, misappropriation of assets, financial statement fraud, corruption. Deliberate destruction to harm a system. (Cookie: data website store on your computer that identify the site & you do not have to log on each time you visit the site) | * The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) 2014 Survey Results Show: * 5% of revenues are lost to fraud (≈ >$3.7 trillion lost globally) * Median loss: $145,000 (22% of cases involved with losses > $1,000,000) * Most frauds are fairly small in scope * Median fraud scheme lasts about 18 months * What is Fraud? * Gaining an unfair advantage over...
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...distributed processing systems. Some common issues that arise with the distribution of transactions over a multi-DBMS while dealing with concurrency control and recovery are highlighted, such as site failure, network failure, and time failure. This study proposes an exceptional distributed transaction model for processing transaction queries in multi-DBMS based on the idea that a complete database can be constructed at any stage. Index Terms— Database management system (DBMS), distributed transaction, transaction management, transaction network —————————— —————————— 1 INTRODUCTION ENERALLY, a distributed transaction is defined as a transaction that updates data on two or more networked computer systems. Different conceptual structures for processing transaction elements are required to meet certain needs of applications that must update distributed data in terms of peer to peer connection. Developing a transaction model is difficult because most of these techniques are customized for a single transaction point, and many types of failures, such as client failure, server failure, and network connection failure, can occur. Furthermore, connecting different distributed points requires the presence of advanced network security technology to detect and recover from network connection failure [1]. Recently developed transaction applications have optimized various security integrations so as to secure the transaction between client and server by detecting and...
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...1. What types of people commit fraud? Studies have shown anyone can commit fraud. Fraud cannot be distinguished by people’s demographic or psychological characteristics. Fraud is committed by people who would consider themselves to be honest and got caught up in a bad situation as a result of pressure, opportunity, and rationalization. 2. What motivates people to commit fraud? The combination of perceived pressure, rationalization, and opportunity motivates people to commit fraud. The majority of frauds start small as the result of an immediate financial need. After gaining confidence in their fraudulent scheme, the fraud continues to get larger and larger until it is discovered. 3. What is the fraud triangle, and why is it important? The fraud triangle is comprised of a perceived pressure, a perceived opportunity, and rationalization. The fraud triangle is important because it provides a lens from which to analyze any fraud. Fraud is committed when all three elements of the triangle are present. 4. What is the fraud scale, and how does it relate to pressure, opportunity, and integrity? The fraud scale is the tie between the elements of the fraud triangle. The greater the opportunity or pressure, the less rationalization it takes to motivate someone to commit fraud. Less opportunity or pressure is needed when the person comitting the fraud is dishonest. 5. What are some different types of pressures? * financial pressures * vices * work-related...
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...Given all the different outlets Okonkwo could have chosen, why did he commit suicide? Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, narrates the struggles and changes due to the white colonials that Okonkwo faces in his village, Umuofia,. Okonkwo strives to be the opposite of his weak and selfish father. As Okonkwo’s values grow outdated due to the new generation of weak men who betray their ancestor’s, he battles to stop the change and return to the comfort of the old customs. The continual friction between Okonkwo and the new religion, people, and values adopted by his society contributes to his downward spiral. At the conclusion of the novel, Okonkwo hangs himself; the suicide of Okonkwo was the result of Okonkwo’s struggle with the changes taking place, the loss of his status in his culture, and the fears he possessed....
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...Assess the usefulness of subcultural theories in explaining ‘subcultural’ crime and deviance in society today 21m Subcultural theories believe society is formed by a set of values that overlap and clash. Subcultures form when a group of people follow a set of values outside mainstream society. These subcultures would be seen as deviant, because they are following a set of values different from the rest of society, how there is nothing socially ‘wrong’ with them. Whereas subcultural behaviour becomes criminal, when the laws reflect will of the majority and accepted by the subculturalist, but their behaviour is not in line with these laws. They believe ultimately crime is caused by clashes of values between different subcultures, where one group’s crime is another’s ‘normal’ values. A. Cohen built his theory upon questioning Merton’s assumption that we have a shared goal of wealth. He provides evidence for this through the fact not all crimes are financially motivated, such as vandalism, graffiti or rape. Therefore, society must be emphasising a shared goal that is not wealth, he argues that the goal is status. He is similar to Merton in the sense Cohen is promotes a strain theory. He believes crime occurs when there is anomie, due to blocked opportunities to achieve status. Those that cannot achieve status in a socially approved way, such as academic success, turn to a criminal subculture in order to achieve their goal. This can be seen in education, where the less able are...
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...sufferings with a certain sense of audience fulfillment. The roots of the tragedy are related to ancient Greece. A Greek tragedy is a sad story, which represents a character with a tragic flaw leading to his downfall. In addition, in traditional tragedy, the main character falls from high authority and often it is predetermined by fate, while the audience experiences catharsis (Bloom 2). Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is considered to be a tragedy because this literary work has some of the main characteristics of the tragedy genre. In this play, the main character Willy Loman possesses such traits and behaviors that lead to his downfall, and the audience experiences catharsis. Willy Loman as a real tragic hero comes to the decision to commit suicide because of serious financial problems of his family (Phelps 79). This play has already been criticized by a number of literary critics who represented different opinions on the plot of the book. The major goal of this paper is to critically evaluate the play Death of a Salesman written by the well-known American writer Arthur Miller, paying special attention to the play’s characteristics of a tragedy. In the play Death of a Salesman, the author investigates human nature and represents his main character as a person whose dissatisfaction with his own life leads to his tragic end. The plot of this literary work is rather simple. The play consists of two acts. In the first act, Willy Loman, the main character of Miller’s play returns...
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...SAFEGUARDING CHILDREN IN THE CONTEXT OF CRIMINAL LAW IN SRI LANKA: AN OVERVIEW -Priyantha Gamage Children are a Blessing! “Behold, children are a heritage from the Lord, the fruit of the womb a reward. Like arrows in the hand of a warrior are the children of one's youth. Blessed is the man who fills his quiver with them! He shall not be put to shame when he speaks with his enemies in the gate.” - (Psalms 127:3-5 ) Children always had a special place: “And they were bringing children to him that he might touch them, and the disciples rebuked them. But when Jesus saw it, he was indignant and said to them, “Let the children come to me; do not hinder them, for to such belongs the kingdom of God. Truly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God like a child shall not enter it.” And he took them in his arms and blessed them, laying his hands on them. -(Mark 10:13-16 ESV)” Every one of you count! What do you think? If a man has a hundred sheep and one of them has gone astray, does he not leave the ninety-nine on the mountains and go in search of the one that went astray? And if he finds it, truly, I say to you, he rejoices over it more than over the ninety-nine that never went astray. So it is not the will of my Father who is in heaven that one of these little ones should perish. -(Matthew 18:12-14 ) What do you think? If a man has a hundred sheep and one of them has gone astray, does he not leave the ninety-nine on the mountains and go in search...
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...Teen Suicide Research Paper People need to be informed on why teens commit suicide and what signs to look for. Teens are slowly slipping away because of this deadly subject and people need to start noticing. Sometimes people can get caught up in their own personal lives and not even notice when a loved one is considering suicide. In the seven articles read, there were a variety of things that people seem to overlook often. Why teens are committing suicide and what people can do to help victims who are considering, are two main points that are important for people to know. In a Kids Health article about teen suicide, it talks about teen suicide and different things people need to know about it. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, suicide is the third leading cause of death for 15 to 24 year-olds. Most of the time, people don’t realize that they could have helped a victim because they didn’t know any of the warning signs. The article goes on to talk about the risks of suicide, that 60% of all suicide in America are used with a gun. This is why no one should ever have a gun unlocked or kept in a place where it is easily out of reach. In 1996, more teenagers and young adults died of suicide than from cancer, heart disease, AIDS, birth defects, stroke, pneumonia and influenza, and chronic lung disease combined .In 1996, suicide was the second-leading cause of death among college students, the third-leading cause of death among those aged 15 to 24 years,...
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