...He was born into a family of copper merchants and was the youngest of four children. In 1483, Copernicus’ father died, so he was sent to live with his paternal uncle who had vowed he would provide him with a quality education. The first university Copernicus attended was the University of Cracow where he studied mathematics and art. However, he ultimately became a Church Canon due to a personal connection. In October of 1496, Copernicus enrolled in the University of Bologna where he met Domenico Maria Novara, an astronomer. Through the study of medicine, which was closely aligned with astronomy at the time, and the mentoring of Novara, Copernicus became a skillful astronomer. In 1512, he released a paper titled “The Commentariolus” that stated the basic ideas of the Heliocentric theory. However, for fear of being accused of heresy, he did not publish the work and only sent it to his close colleagues. In the late 1530’s, Copernicus worked with an associate name Georg Rheticus to finalize the book he later released, De Revolutions. Throughout his life, Copernicus was influenced by many bright astronomers of the time, and the variety of subjects he studied allowed him to become a true Renaissance...
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...Mr. Wedel, Room E102, 2012-2013 Web Site: Phone Number: Email: Office Hours: https://www.tracy.k12.ca.us/sites/kwedel/Pages/ClassInformation.aspx EARTH SCIENCE SYLLABUS 209-830-3360 ext 2509 kwedel@tusd.net Wednesday 3:00 pm to 4:00 pm or by arrangement Welcome to Earth Science – the study of the world around you. Our topics will include Astronomy (study of outer space), Geology (study of rocks, earthquakes, volcanoes and plate tectonics), Meteorology (study of the atmosphere, climate and climate change), and Oceanography (study of the oceans and water systems). This course will use hands-on experimentation, activities, and direct instruction. You will be enabled to learn the ‘how’ and ‘why’, not just the ‘what’ of science. I will show how Earth Science is relevant in your everyday life; you must provide the willingness to learn. MATERIALS Textbook: Bring to class everyday: Optional but useful: Earth Science, published by Holt (Please keep your textbook at home.) Composition Book and Science Binder/folder with paper - see below Pencil and/or Pen (dark blue or black ink only) Calculator, colored pens and/or pencils, scissors, ruler RULES AND EXPECTATIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Arrive prepared to learn (mentally ready and equipped with the correct materials) Never prevent others from learning (inappropriate behavior or talking) Always follow safety rules during lab (prevent injures) Do not take or damage any classroom equipment Participate in class discussions...
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...Mr. Wedel, Room E102, 2012-2013 Web Site: Phone Number: Email: Office Hours: https://www.tracy.k12.ca.us/sites/kwedel/Pages/ClassInformation.aspx EARTH SCIENCE SYLLABUS 209-830-3360 ext 2509 kwedel@tusd.net Wednesday 3:00 pm to 4:00 pm or by arrangement Welcome to Earth Science – the study of the world around you. Our topics will include Astronomy (study of outer space), Geology (study of rocks, earthquakes, volcanoes and plate tectonics), Meteorology (study of the atmosphere, climate and climate change), and Oceanography (study of the oceans and water systems). This course will use hands-on experimentation, activities, and direct instruction. You will be enabled to learn the ‘how’ and ‘why’, not just the ‘what’ of science. I will show how Earth Science is relevant in your everyday life; you must provide the willingness to learn. MATERIALS Textbook: Bring to class everyday: Optional but useful: Earth Science, published by Holt (Please keep your textbook at home.) Composition Book and Science Binder/folder with paper - see below Pencil and/or Pen (dark blue or black ink only) Calculator, colored pens and/or pencils, scissors, ruler RULES AND EXPECTATIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Arrive prepared to learn (mentally ready and equipped with the correct materials) Never prevent others from learning (inappropriate behavior or talking) Always follow safety rules during lab (prevent injures) Do not take or damage any classroom equipment Participate in class discussions...
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...scientific authority was also in progress, a radical shift in thought that later became known as the Scientific Revolution. Scientists in all fields were beginning to question the wisdom of the ancient philosophers who had molded their disciplines. They gradually began rely on objective facts and observation and to turn away from the mysticism, religion, and unfounded theorizing that had previously dominated the field. This drastic change in scientific practices and beliefs was most apparent in the field of astronomy. Physics and astronomy had been dominated by the work of Aristotle, a philosopher from the time of ancient Greece, and Ptolemy, an astronomer from the second century A.D. Astronomy was rooted in both philosophy and theology, and it was difficult for scientists to separate their work from that of the mystics or the clergy. Through the work of the four fathers of the astronomical revolution, Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton, both the practice of astronomy and man's view of the universe were...
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...Reviewed Article This essay will serve the purpose of examining a primary, peer reviewed research paper on a personal level. It will cover a brief description and reflection of my attempts to understand the purpose behind the article. I have chosen a research paper titled “Assessing the Plausibility Of Life on Other Worlds”. I have always been extremely intrigued by the possibility of life on other planets and humanity’s’ quest to discover our place in the universe. Previously I believed that these ideas belonged under the disciplines of Astrophysics, Space Exploration or Astronomy but was surprised to find there is a very specific discipline of science called Astrobiology in which this article falls under. Astrobiology is distinct from other space disciplines as it focuses on the actual biology and presence of life and is entirely devoted to studying the origin, distribution, evolution and future of life within our universe. The article is from the peer reviewed journal “Astrobiology” published by Mary Ann Liebert Inc. and has a global audience spanning over 170 countries since 2001. It is published in a monthly style releasing 12 issues annually and targeting an audience consisting of Microbiologists, chemists, astronomers etc. In terms of what ultimately goes into an issue, Astrobiology is under the editorial leadership of Editor-in-Chief Sherry L. Cady (PhD in Geology) who has the final responsibility for all operations and policies but also employs a Managing editor and Deputy...
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...ASTR 105 Astrobiology Online Professor Annette Lee St. Cloud State University Dept. of Physics, Astronomy and Engineering Science 314 Wick Science Building 720 Fourth Avenue Saint Cloud, MN 56031-4498 Contact Information: Email: aslee@stcloudstate.edu Contacting the instructor: Please post questions related to this course (grades, assignments, drop deadlines, specific homework questions, exams, deadlines, etc.) at the D2L Discussion Board. If you have details you wish to keep private in your question, you may email the instructor at aslee@stcloudstate.edu, but the D2L Discussion Board is the preferred method for asking questions about the course. Office Hours by email as needed daily. Pre-requisites: None, but you will need to do basic arithmetic and algebra in this course. Required Textbooks: 1) Life in the Universe, Bennett, 3rd edition, ISBN-9780321687678. This book is your main instructional resource - be sure to read all of the assigned chapters. ***You do NOT need the access code. You do NOT need the latest edition. Other required materials: Regular and reliable Internet access to complete assignments. Grades: Grades will be determined from scores achieved on TESTS, QUIZZES & ACTIVITIES. The lowest 25 % of Quizzes & Activities will be dropped. Work Percent of Final Grade Best 3 out of 4 Test scores 50% Reading Quizzes (Best 75%) 25% Activity scores (Best 75%) 25% Total 100% The basic grading scale is: 100 –90 A 89 – 80 B 79...
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...| The Big Bang | The Origin and Evolution of the Universe | | [Type the author name] | 4/11/2013 | Astronomy with Lab DeVry University This paper looks at the Big Bang Theory. It examines the history of the theory and the scientific ideas on which it is based. It also examines some of the evidence proving the Big Bang and addresses some of the more common arguments against it. | Contents The Search for Creation 3 The Big Bang Theory 3 Supporting Observations 4 Objections 5 Conclusion 5 References 7 The Search for Creation Man seems, by nature, to be a curious creature. We are always looking for explanations for natural phenomena. We have attributed the sound of thunder and lightning in the sky to Thor. When crops died and people were struck ill, ancient man (and modern in some cases) knew the obvious cause was spells cast by witches. We even have myths about the creation of the world; from the Chinese Phan Ku who "emerged from an egg and proceeded to create the world by using a chisel" (Singh, 2004, p. 4) to the Judeo-Christian story of the seven day creation. These creation stories were our first attempts to explain not only our origins but the origins of everything. These stories satisfied many, especially in a time when the ability to test their validity was very limited, but as we have advanced so has our ability to analyze the universe around us and come up with testable ideas to explain the origin of the universe and its evolution. ...
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...THOUGHT PAPER 2 THE HUBBLE The earth is given to us, to grow, to survive, to breathe and to live; it’s for our own advantage. But we often take this privilege for granted, probably because its given for free, we did not earn it or strive to deserve it. We value it less; however, one of the beauty that The Hubble showed, was that with trillion miles away, galaxies and stars, non-showed existence of life; it was only the Earth, our home that showed the wonderful blessing that God has given us. How can we then give back to the Earth? How can we balance the need of demand and supply? The Hubble documentary portrays the Earth is the only one who has life, it suggests that one must take care of our planet with the purpose of having a home for future generations to come. The Hubble is a space telescope that is located above the surface of the atmosphere specifically in the low earth orbit far above rain clouds and light pollution. Hubble has an unobstructed view of the universe; scientists have used The Hubble to observe the most distant stars and galaxies as well as planets in our solar system. Hubble takes extremely sharp pictures, the most detailed visible-light image ever made of the universe’s most distant objects. It is one of the largest and most versatile, and is well known as both a vital research tool and a benefit to public relations for astronomy. Hubble’s existence marks the most significant advance in astronomy since Galileo’s telescope. It was built by the United...
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...Term Paper On Role of the Pythagoras in the field of mathematics Business Mathematics code Submitted By Team Harmony 1. Faisal Enayet (B1506003) 2. HafijulHasan (B1506007) 3. Plato Khisa (B1506035) 4. FarhanajAnchal (B1506075) 5. K.HusFariha (B1506120) 6. SumaiyaMeher(B1506155) Submitted To Lecturer AKTER KAMAL Business Mathematics Bangladesh University of Professionals Submission on Date: 02/05/2016 BBA 2015; SEC- C LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 02 may 2016 Akter Kamal Lecturer Faculty of Business Studies Bangladesh University of Professionals Subject: Submission of term paper on “The role of Pythagoras in the field of mathematics” Respected Sir, We the students of BBA, section C, we are very glad to submit you the term paper on the topic of “The role of Pythagoras in the field of mathematics” that you asked us to submit, which is a part of our course requirement. For the purpose of completing the term paper we did a simple research on the provided topic. We have completed our research and assessment on our term paper topic according to your specification and regulation. We have tried our best to gather information according to the requirements and our ability. There may be a few mistakes, because we are still beginner in this line of work but we hope that in future this term paper will remind us not to make the same mistakes again and so this will become a great learning in experience. At last, we would like to thank to you...
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...University, Address *Corresponding author: third.author@email.univ.edu Abstract This guideline discusses details for preparing a manuscript for submission to the Samahang Pisika ng Pilipinas (SPP) Physics Congress. The abstract should have a maximum of 100 words and should briefly state the problem, method and the summary of the major scientific contribution of the paper. The abstract is typeset with 2 cm (1 in) left and right indention. © 2008 Samahang Pisika ng Pilipinas Keywords: To facilitate indexing, please use the Physics and Astronomy Classification scheme (PACS) of the American Institute of Physics. The 2008 PACS is available at: http://www.aip.org/pacs/pacs08/pacs08-toc.html 1. Introduction This short article discusses how your document should look like when you submit a paper to the Congress. Kindly adhere to the specifications in this style guide for efficient review and subsequent publication. Preparation of your camera-ready manuscript is achieved by adhering to these guidelines. In that way, we both conserve energy. Paper to be used is US letter (8.5 in. x 11 in.). There will be a 1-inch or 25.4 mm margin on all sides. All fonts for text should be some version of Times New Roman. The Title is typeset with 16-point, bold and centered. Full names of the authors and their affiliations, are to be typeset with 10-point and aligned in the center. The author list is typeset in bold while the affiliations in italics...
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...Final Learning Team Paper GLG/150 Final Learning Team Paper During the early days of mankind, humans were led to believe that he or she were the sole entity of the universe. The Earth was thought of as exact center of the solar system, and that other planets revolved around it. Through the efforts and determination of individuals who refused to believe unchecked facts or documents, Earth is not the center of the universe but is instead a small piece to a larger solar system. The discoveries made by earlier pioneers of science Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton. Developed ideas that help individuals understand the concepts of motion, and the formation of celestial bodies in space. Theories of gravity and space dramatically changed the views in which Individuals determine the origins of our Moon and other planets within our Solar System. As science and technologies progress, ideas of formations and motions in space provides more educated theories of how our world, or universe has formed and will continue to function. The Earth was formed about five billion years ago and is the earliest material in the solar system, which a solar nebula that collapsed from the formation of the sun ("How Did the Earth Form", 2012). Dust and gas from the solar nebula took about millions of years to form into the earth starting with center of the Earth to cool down and form a crust that allowed water to...
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...Slithering Sweet Science Introduction Molecules tend to move from areas of high concentrations to areas of low concentrations and are always in constant motion. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. When water molecules diffuse through a selectively permeable membrane it is known as osmosis. Selectively permeable means that some molecules can transport through the membrane, but others cannot. The molecules move across the membrane until equilibrium is reached and both areas have equal concentration. The candy, Gummi Worms are primarily made up of gelatin, sugar, and starch. The purpose of this experiment is to observe the percent change in mass of gummi worms exposed to various concentrations of sugar water. Hypothesis If the concentration of sugar in the surrounding solution is sufficiently increased, the percent change in mass of the gummi worm will be negative, meaning the mass of the gummi worm will decrease. Likewise, if the sugar concentration is sufficiently decreased, the percent change in mass will be positive, meaning the mass of the gummi worm will increase. Materials: * Four 200 mL beakers * Gummi worms * Sugar * Distilled water * Kitchen scale and weighing trays * Glass stirring rod * Masking tape and marker for labeling * Sieve * Scoopula Procedure 1. Prepare four 200 mL beakers by labeling them with the masking tape and marker. There should...
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...The extent to which new, or complex, technologies impacted upon the project. The Channel Tunnel project would have been built two centuries ago if it was technically feasible. In 1802, the idea of a road tunnel was suggested to Napoleon during a brief peace between France and England. French engineer Albert Mathieu Favier gave Napoleon details of a scheme involving two tunnels, one which would be candle-lit for horse-drawn carriages and the second acting as a sort of drain to take away water seeping into it (Anderson & Roskrow 1994). However the scheme existed only on paper due to the absence of appropriate tunneling techniques. Digging a tunnel under ground is not a novel technology; however, the geology is, especially under the sea. Engineers had to check and hoped to find that a suitable rock for tunneling stretched in an unbroken bed across the channel. Building a tunnel doesn’t require innovative technology, otherwise the government would not approve the project go ahead. However, the actual construction of a 50 km-long Channel Tunnel up to 50 meters below the sea tested the ingenuity and skills of the top minds in the European and American construction industry (Anderson & Roskrow 1994). There were 11 specialized boring machines have been used in total on both, the British and the French sides, to work their way through the chalk marl stratum, which is between the gray chalk and glauconitic layer. The ground condition on the UK side had caused problem. The machine...
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...COMBINED CIVIL SERVICES - I Group I Services (Preliminary Examination) General Studies - Degree standard Objective type - 200 items – 300 Marks UNIT – I - General science : Physics - Universe - General Scientific laws - Scientific instruments - Inventions and discoveries-National scientific laboratories-Science glossary-Mechanics and properties of matter-Physical quantities, standards and units-Force, motion and energy- electricity and Magnetism - electronics & communications - Heat, light and sound-Atomic and nuclear physics-Solid State Physics-Spectroscopy – Geophysics - Astronomy and space science. Chemistry - Elements and Compounds-Acids, bases and salts - Oxidation and reduction – Chemistry of ores and metals -Carbon, nitrogen and their compounds-Fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides-Biochemistry and biotechnology-Electrochemistry-Polymers and plastics Botany - Main Concepts of life science-The cell-basic unit of life-Classification of living organism-Nutrition and dietetics-Respiration-Excretion of metabolic waste-Biocommunication Zoology - Blood and blood circulation-Endocrine system-Reproductive system-Genetics the science of heredity-Environment, ecology, health and hygiene, Bio- diversity and its conservation-Human diseases, prevention and remedies-Communicable diseases and non- communicable diseases-Alcoholism and drug abuse-Animals, plants and human lifeUNIT - II. Current Events History - Latest diary of events – National -...
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...Research Paper Outline I. Introduction A) Hook – For thousands of years, humans have never really known what existed beyond what we could see with our own eyes. B) General Statements/Explain the Controversy – Advocates for space exploration say that there are much advantages that push humankind towards a better tomorrow. Opponents argue that there is an huge cost put into research and development C) Thesis Statement and Forecast – I think that the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages because of the benefits that people will inherit and that the economic benefit we receive is a lot more than the cost we put into it. II. Body (Arguments) A) Transition and Topic Sentence for Reason #1 – We can use the new technology 1) Supporting Detail - Not possible without NASA (Wilson, Space Program Benefits) 2) Supporting Detail -Things from fiberglass to GPS (Wilson, Space Program Benefits) 3) Supporting Detail - More investment, more commercialized (Wilson, Space Program Benefits) B) Transition and Topic Sentence for Reason #2 – The exploration development basic necessities 1) Supporting Detail - NASA started water program (Dunbar, “Water Water Everywhere!”) 2) Supporting Detail - Based off design for astronauts (Dunbar, “Water Water Everywhere!”) 3) Supporting Detail - Inexpensive, useful (Dunbar, “Water Water Everywhere!”) C) Transition and Topic Sentence for Reason #3 –The exploration extended to help people in medicine 1) Supporting...
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