...psychology, personality is a collection of emotional, thought and behavioral models of a certain person. Maslow has greatly contributed to personality theories. He has developed the Hierarchy of Needs model in which people develop via several stages. Though just a small number reach the highest stage and their full potential. Both women and men have been analyzed to develop his model (Maslow, 1987, p.87). [...] The Hierarchy of Needs theory by Maslow stays valid for understanding people’s motivation and personal development. Nowadays Maslow's ideas stated in the Hierarchy of Needs about the responsibility of employers to give workplace that makes it possible for employees to perform their potential are very appropriate. Abraham Maslow has got the degree in psychology at the University of Wisconsin where the foundation of his motivational investigation was laid and where he studied rhesus monkeys (Maslow, 1987, p.61). [...] Maslow's primary Hierarchy of Needs model that consists of five stages can be attributed to Maslow. Every person has his own needs and he is motivated by them. The most basic people’s needs are inborn. They have been developed during the entire human’s evolution. Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is aimed to explain the way needs motivate people. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs people must satisfy every need after the other, beginning with the first one that concerns the most urgent requirements (Maslow, 1987, p.103). [...] First of all the lower...
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...maslow's hierarchy of needs Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs motivational model Abraham Maslow developed the Hierarchy of Needs model in 1940-50s USA, and the Hierarchy of Needs theory remains valid today for understanding human motivation, management training, and personal development. Indeed, Maslow's ideas surrounding the Hierarchy of Needs concerning the responsibility of employers to provide a workplace environment that encourages and enables employees to fulfil their own unique potential (self-actualization) are today more relevant than ever. Abraham Maslow's book Motivation and Personality, published in 1954 (second edition 1970) introduced the Hierarchy of Needs, and Maslow extended his ideas in other work, notably his later book Toward A Psychology Of Being, a significant and relevant commentary, which has been revised in recent times by Richard Lowry, who is in his own right a leading academic in the field of motivational psychology. Abraham Maslow was born in New York in 1908 and died in 1970, although various publications appear in Maslow's name in later years. Maslow's PhD in psychology in 1934 at the University of Wisconsin formed the basis of his motivational research, initially studying rhesus monkeys. Maslow later moved to New York's Brooklyn College. The Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs five-stage model below (structure and terminology - not the precise pyramid diagram itself) is clearly and directly attributable to Maslow; later versions of the theory with...
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...Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a theory created by a Abraham Maslow. It’s a theoretical idea about the progression of needs humans must meet to survive. There are five levels, the first being physiological needs, air, food and water, the second being safety needs. This is followed by needs for love, next needs for esteem and finally needs for self actualization. The idea is people cannot progress to each level unless they have successfully met the one before. In the book “A Long Way Gone” the main character Ishmael Beah experiences all five levels of the hierarchy of needs. Before the war, Ishmael is at the fourth level of needs, needs for esteem. However once the war reaches him he was brought down to the first level of physiological needs. Throughout the book Ishmael slowly works his way back up the hierarchy. The first level of Maslow’s hierarchy is physiological...
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...Maslow Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Tatiana Cadle-Taylor Barry University Abraham Maslow founded a movement—that valued individuality, creativity, and personal freedom— called the humanistic movement in the late 1950s. Maslow, born April, 1, 1908 (Abraham Harold Maslow, 2013), was the son of poor Russian-Jewish immigrants who came to the United States in the early 1900s seeking an escape from the Czarist persecution. His parents settled in New York City, where he attended public schools in a multiethnic, working-class neighborhood (Hoffman 2008). Maslow’s youthful experience was extremely typical for those of his background, and they inevitably shaped his worldview. This viewpoint remained vital to Maslow throughout his life. Although Maslow acknowledged his admiration of Freudian psychoanalysis at an early age, his own view of human nature varied greatly from Sigmund Freud's. Maslow thought Freud's theory was unnecessarily pessimistic with respect to our human potential for decency and kindness. He disagreed strongly with Freud's contention that we are essentially selfish beings, with little regard for others (Mullins 2010). Freud's view of human nature portrayed human potential as a fight to keep our instincts in check. Maslow believed that we are capable of becoming fully human through a process of self-actualization (Mullins 2010). Maslow agreed that we do not always show our most fully human side; but Maslow also believed that any of those reactions...
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...Abstract Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory was developed with motivation in mind. We set goals or motivators daily and attempt to achieve these goals. While some are survival motivators others are the need for self-actualization. Feeling needed and important to others is what we all strive for. Maslow’s and the ERG Theory will help us understand what the needs are and the different levels of the needs. Maslow’s Hierarchy Theory vs. ERG Theory Maslow’s Hierarchy of Need is five levels of fundamental human needs or motivators that are essential to be satisfied in a set order beginning with the lowest level. The need for endurance and safety are the paramount and most needed. The theory of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Need states that once a necessity is fulfilled it is no longer a motivator and we then move on to the next need. Used in the business setting it is used as a course of action (Maslow’s, 2013). The five levels that Mr. Maslow speaks about have been criticized by others. It is said that there is no scientific proof for the ranking of the needs and that they are in hierarchical order (Cherry, 2013). In 1943, Abraham Maslow proposed the Hierarchy of Needs Theory. This theory is meant to describe the levels at which an individual moves through for self-motivation. The levels are described as (Maslows’ Hierarchy, 2013, Management): • The lowest level is the need to survive also known as physiological needs. • The second level known as safety needs consists of the...
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...report aims to discuss and provide information on how Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Trait theory has manifested throughout the market and consumer both China and Australia, accommodating an increasing amount of liberty for Australian exporters. According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs which is often wrought in the form of a pyramid and suggests five interdependent levels of basic human needs that must be satisfied in an order by satisfying lower and primary needs first also scout to meet the needs sequentially as needs are expressed in a hierarchy. In Abraham Maslow's theory Physiological needs are considered to be the first and the most important level of needs because they are the literal requirement for the survival of humans. This is the stage where the absolute necessity of life is considered, such as food, water, air and shelter and therefore manager in both countries (Australia & China) responsibly tackle the levels of needs by distributing wages to employees acceptable to afford their primary necessities. When Physiological needs have been fulfilled, safety and security are then taken into consideration as the next step in the Maslow's hierarchy of needs. This is the desire for a safe and secure environment. According to Schiffman (2011, pp. 59) this includes such aspects like order, stability, routine, familiarity, control over our wellbeing and the environment. The third level in the hierarchy of need suggests when the need for Physiological and safety...
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...experience. He states that learning takes place in four stages in a cycle that continues the more we learn. This learning cycle shows a model of learning through experience. For complete learning to occur, we must progress through all four stages of the cycle. Experiential learning takes place when: * a person is involved in an activity, * looks back at it critically, * determines what was useful or important to remember, * uses this information to perform another activity. Kolb finds that there are two dimensions to the learning process: Grasping and Transforming experience. * We grasp experience by feeling/doing (concrete experience) and by thinking/theorizing (abstract conceptualization). * We transform experience by watching/reflecting (observation/reflection) and by doing/applying (active experimentation). As David Kolb says, "Learning is the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience." 2. Maslow – Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow developed the Hierarchy of Needs model in 1940-50s USA, and the Hierarchy of Needs theory remains valid today for understanding human motivation, management training, and personal development. Each of us is motivated by needs. Our most basic needs are inborn, having evolved over tens of thousands of years. Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs helps to explain how these needs motivate us all. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs states that we must satisfy each need in turn...
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...behind need theories of motivation is that unmet needs motivate people to placate them. On the contrary, people are not motivated to pursue a satisfied or achieved need. “In general terms, motivation can be defined as the desire to achieve a goal, combined with the energy, determination and opportunity to achieve it”(Compare and Contrast Clayton Paul Alderfer’s Erg Theory of Motivation and Abraham Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy). Let us now consider three popular content theories of motivation: Maslow’s need hierarchy theory, Alderfer’s ERG theory, and McClelland’s need theory. Abraham Maslow, a psychologist, first published his need hierarchy theory of motivation in 1943. According to Maslow, we all have five levels of need. The first, and most basic level is the need for survival or physiological needs, followed by the need for safety, together these two level represent our basic needs. While the physiological needs are usually already met, some employees have not achieved the safety need, whether it is a hazardous workplace environment, or job stability. As we move up the hierarchy, we approach the social need. At this level, employees are seeing acceptance and belonging within their workplace peers. Once the social need is met, employees move to the esteem or ego need...
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...Abraham Maslow received his BA, MA, and his PhD in psychology from the University of Wisconsin. After graduation, Maslow moved back to New York to begin his teaching career at Brooklyn College. During this time Maslow served as the chair of the psychology department with a German-Jewish physician and psychiatrist named Kurt Goldstein. Goldstein was the originator of the idea of self-actualization. Inspired by Kurt Goldstein’s idea of self-actualization, Maslow began his studies on humanistic psychology. Maslow’s influences also included psychologist Harry Harlow, Alfred Adler, Max Wertheimer and anthropologist Ruth Benedict (Soylent Communications, 2012). Abraham Maslow was a psychologist and a humanistic theorist who was well known for his views on human motivation. During his studies on human motivations and humanistic psychology Maslow developed the Maslow's Hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy of needs theory is designed in the form of a pyramid. The pyramid is divided into five levels: Physiological needs, Safety needs, Belongingness and Love needs, Esteem needs, and Self-actualization needs. The basic needs are labeled on the lowest level. Each level of needs become important as the previous level of needs are satisfied. The more complex needs are labeled on the top level of the pyramid. (Boeree, 2006). Abraham Maslow believed that these needs play a major...
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...S Chandan (pg 35-36 According to Maslow Hierarchy of needs there are five stages of needs which are Physiological needs, Safety and security needs, love and belongingness, self esteem and actualization needs Maslow’s hierarchy of need applied to work places implies that managers have the responsibility’ firstly to make sure their workers deficiency needs are met. The basic needs of this approach is to increase the organizational effectiveness of its human resources, which could be properly taking care of human needs Being an administrative officer in a Transport Company where there is low motivation among employees I will advice the management to apply the five hierarchy of needs according to Maslow so that to redress the problem of employees’ dissatisfaction in our company ,as follows Physiological needs, this is the lowest stage in the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs which should be met first to put an employee in a good position to exercise his daily responsibility accordingly. as administrative officer I will advice the management to ensure that the employees are satisfied with physiological needs, by making sure that employees are paid reasonable salaries and non salaries packages like housing, overtime payments and sitting allowances to allow them to fulfill their basic requirement such as food, clothes and water which are crucial to human survival. Safety and security needs, this is the second stage of Maslow Hierarchy of needs, In order for employee to feel secured...
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...behind need theories of motivation is that unmet needs motivate people to placate them. On the contrary, people are not motivated to pursue a satisfied or achieved need. “In general terms, motivation can be defined as the desire to achieve a goal, combined with the energy, determination and opportunity to achieve it”(Compare and Contrast Clayton Paul Alderfer’s Erg Theory of Motivation and Abraham Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy). Let us now consider three popular content theories of motivation: Maslow’s need hierarchy theory, Alderfer’s ERG theory, and McClelland’s need theory. Abraham Maslow, a psychologist, first published his need hierarchy theory of motivation in 1943. According to Maslow, we all have five levels of need. The first, and most basic level is the need for survival or physiological needs, followed by the need for safety, together these two level represent our basic needs. While the physiological needs are usually already met, some employees have not achieved the safety need, whether it is a hazardous workplace environment, or job stability. As we move up the hierarchy, we approach the social need. At this level, employees are seeing acceptance and belonging within their workplace peers. Once the social need is met, employees move to the esteem or ego need...
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...Unit 2 Individual Project Introduction When attempting to launch a new product, much research must be done to determine if there is a target audience for the product being launched. It must also be determined if there is a need for the product. Lastly, research should be done to determine if a similar product is already on the market. Maslow’s Theory of Need and its Application to Marketing Maslow’s theory of need basically states that human beings have five levels of need. In order for someone to move to the next level, the previous level must be met in some form. The five levels of need are as follows: physiological, safety and security, social and belongingness, ego, status, and self-esteem, and finally self-actualization needs (Berl, Williamson & Powell, 1984). Basically, the theory states that if a person is starving, that is their primary need at that time. Until that need is met, they are not concerned with safety or any of the other levels. Once that need is met, in that they have a steady food source, then the person will move to the next level and concern themselves with their safety and security. Maslow’s theory of need can be used in marketing to determine what products will do well in the current market and which products are not competitive. For example, if a natural disaster such as a hurricane hits a city, the basic survival needs of the people involved is what they will focus on (Finsterwalder, 2010). In this example, a...
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...Biological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality PSY/250 February 23, 2014 Biological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality Within an individual’s family an individual can have his or her Fathers individual body features or Mother’s features, additional one behaves like his or her Father or Mother. These aspects evolve from an individual’s genes; however, others believe the way an individual behaves is because of human nature. Biological and humanistic approaches within personality are complex. Needs can pressure an individual’s personality development, and biological factors can additionally influence an individual’s personality. The relationship of biological factors regarding Maslow’s theory, can explain the vital factors regarding the personality. Biological and Humanistic Approaches Biology has exposed various features regarding how an individual’s body works and what the body will need to stay in good health. “In 1953 James D. Watson and Francis Crick discovered that DNA was structured as a double helix” (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). This achievement was especially admired within psychology regarding human biology. Charles Darwin used the actuality that not one individual is alike. He was able to support his historical theory because of this. According to Darwin, individuals developed from a primordial species (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). For example, the article “Evidence that humans evolved from a knuckle-walking ancestor (Brian G Richmond &...
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...Biological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality The stages of human development are influenced by biological and humanistic theories. Maslow's hierarchy of needs stresses the need for and individual to discover their own personality and gain self-control in their personal life. Abraham Maslow had a theory that an individual will desire more in life once they have accomplished the basic needs in life. Humanistic features of personality focus on freedom and self-fulfillment. Unlike Maslow, Hans Eysenck and other theorist proclaimed that personality comes from a biological approach that an individual’s behavior is influenced by genetics. The following will consist of a description of how Maslow’s hierarchy of needs influence personality formations, biological factors that influence the formation of personality, the examination of the relationship of biological factors by Maslow’s theory of personality, along with basic aspects of humanistic theories incompatible with biological descriptions of personality. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory of human motivation based on biological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self- actualization. Personality is influenced by ideas that create a foundation of an individual's life relations and peak experiences. An individual's experiences assist an individual to transform and discover the inner self. Peak experiences are familiar to individuals whom have matured and discovered their full potential. Maslow believed that...
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...Moral Development in Management Hai Dao MGMT-8010-1: Management in Human and Societal Development Dr. Donna Brown Walden University June 29th 2014 Moral Development in Management Today organizations face great challenges in managing their workforces effectively. With the trend of globalization in business, managers are required to update their knowledge and education on how to make the most use of organizational resources, including human and materials. However, humans are probably the most important resources of any organization. They are the ones to operate equipments; handle materials; and produce output. They are also the ones to provide customer service and receive feedback that can be useful for the organization. With that said, management has evolved over the years to adapt to the human development within organizations. Many theories have been applied to help managers manage their workforce more effectively. One of the theories that will be addressed in this paper is Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, because one believes that moral development of people is related the success of the organization. Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development The main concept of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development is that it “extended Piaget’s theory, proposing that moral development is a continual process that occurs throughout the lifespan” (Cherry, n.d.). Indeed, learning never ends, especially when people are trying to adapt to the changing environment of the workforce...
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