...African American's Journey Essay Below is a free essay on "African American's Journey" from Anti Essays, your source for free research papers, essays, and term paper examples. “African American’s Journey to Freedom” Charity Johnson HIS204: American History since 1865 Instructor: Leslie Ruff February 11, 2013 “African American’s Journey to Freedom” To some African Americans it may seem ironic that The United States of America is known as “the land of the free” considering that majority of their ancestors entered the US as slaves. African Americans were brought to North America via the middle passage which originated during the fifteenth century. They were enslaved for approximately 400 hundred years until the end of the Civil War in 1865. Although African Americans were enslaved in America, they were determine to survive and one day be freed in this great country. During The African American’s journey to freedom several significant events took place which was inclusive of but not limited to: The Civil Rights Movement of 1865-1877, Separate but Equal Legislation (Plessy vs. Ferguson court case) in 1896, The Harlem Renaissance of 1920, Brown vs. Board of Education in 1954, The March on Washington Movement of 1963, and The Black Power Movement of the late 1960s and 1970. I will discuss the significance of these events in relation to the African American journey to freedom and how they have help shape American society today. THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT OF 1865-1877 Frequently when...
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...the ancient slave trade. Majority of the Africans brought to the united states as at the 17th century, were brought as slaves who were aleggedly taken away from their homeland in several areas of Africa. African Families were separated through buying and seling of Africans by whites (slaves). Upon arrival to the united states, Africans wrere made to suffer, they were beaten, tortured, whipped, lynched by the hands of their white masters. For few of the Africans who were allowed to be free, they were deprived of so many rights. Although slavery was abolished by the 13th amendment, the result of it which is racism is still a major issue in the united states today. Some may argue that the abolishment of slavery also took away racism. The four outlined proof and evidence stated in this research paper proves that racism still exists in the united states. The issue is whether racism and discrimination still exists in the United States. Claim: Yes, Racism and discrimination still exists in the united states. Although slavery was ultimately outlawed and laws prohibiting discrimination against African-Americans passed, racism against this community remains and is manifested in more subtle ways today....
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...Harriet Washington – Medical Apartheid Book Essay QUESTION 1: Iatrophobia “One of the most harmful contemporary legacies of this history of abusive medical experimentation is that many African Americans are wary of participating in potentially life saving medical studies. A recent study in the American Journal of Law and Medicine estimated that only 1 percent of the nearly 20 million Americans enrolled in biomedical studies are black. This reluctance, though justified, has meant that blacks often miss out on the latest treatments and breakthroughs.” – Amara Rivera Given the History of Medical Apartheid in the U.S., African-Americans have tended to be iatrophobic. Should African-Americans continue to participate in medical research and trust their doctors today? Would Harriet Washington and Tim Wise be in support of your argument? QUESTION 2: Ebola Watch this Press TV video: The Debate: Ebola Man-made (pt1) (11 mins) Based on his arguments, is Dr. Short a conspiracy theorist? Comment on the validity of Dr. Short’s arguments and examples given the arguments provided by Washington in Medical Apartheid in the Epilogue of the book and in the rest of the text. Use the relevant examples and ideas Washington uses to draw connections between medical apartheid practiced on Blacks in the U.S and Blacks in Africa from her book. QUESTION 3: Scientific Racism and Eugenics The "science" of eugenics proposed that human perfection could be developed through selective breeding and...
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... Dr. Na’im Akbar Born Luther Benjamin Weems, Jr. on April 26, 1944, Dr. Na’im Akbar was raised in Tallahassee, Florida. There, he lived in a complete Black American social environment. It was not until his freshman year of college that he first had contact with the White American race. In 1971, he changed his name after joining the nation of Islam. He attended the University of Michigan to receive his Bachelor of Arts (B.A.), Master of Arts (M.A.), and Doctorate of Philosophy (PhD.) in Psychology. Careers Upon receiving his terminal degree, Akbar accepted the opportunity to work in the Psychology Department of Morehouse College of Atlanta, where he remained for five years. There, he instituted the college’s first Black Psychology course which eventually led to the development of the first Black Psychology program at any historically black college or university. After two years, he became chair of the psychology department. After, he relocated to Chicago, IL where he helped start the Office of Human Development at the Nation of Islam Headquarters. Later, he joined the faculty of Norfolk State University where he also instituted courses in Black Psychology. In 1979, he began teaching at Florida State University, where he still remains, teaching a specialized course on the psychology of the African American. In the 1980s, he independently started his own publishing company, Mind Productions, and a private consulting company, Na’im Akbar Consultants. Memberships and...
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...Experimentation on African Americans Katryna A. Lawson Montgomery College Abstract This research paper is going to review some of the horrific ways that African Americans were abused by medical research experiments in the United States. I will also examine how America’s physicians has a disgraceful history of exploitative studies in which African Americans have been used as objects, for new surgical techniques, drug testing, nuclear radiation absorption, biased psychological testing, sterilization, and cadavers all in the name of medical science since the time of slavery. Medical experimentation on African Americans began during the time of slavery. The South was home to 90 percent of American blacks, in some states, the black population was completely comprised of slaves: Alabama, for example, forbade the presence of free blacks. Since there was so many slaves, this also made the south a haven for the lowest of the low, worst kind of medical experiments on African Americans. Harriet A. Washington, author of the book Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black American from Colonial time to the Present, cites many of the atrocious acts that the Black Americans experienced through telling personal stories like those of slave women, giving faces to many of the black victims of violent medical experimentation and racially biased investigations, while also revealing the doctors inflicting the abuse. Doctors tortured and abused African American subjects to...
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...Tuskegee Study Ezequiel W. Ferreras EN1320 - Composition 1 ITT Technical Institute ABSTRACT This paper is to prove how the Tuskegee study was morally and ethically wrong. Many of the men involved in the study died due to the experiments. This study has made it important for all patients to understand their options for treatment and outcomes and know that they have a choice. Any one can deny treatment if they wish to do so. Many doctors devote their lives to their patients and have learned from this major medical error. Tuskegee Study Some people may believe they don’t need to try as hard if they already achieved their goal, but if a physician does not do their best a patient can die and if no one did their best then there would be no doctors, lawyers or even teachers. However, when you apply the unethical concepts in this study it violates the professional code of ethics and the moral reasoning of the study. Albeit it is for a test to make history the obligations of a nurse are very important and must be followed. In Miss Evers’ Boys, physicians investigate in a medical study that takes place in Tuskegee Alabama, which dealt with watching African-American subjects discover the effects of untreated syphilis. The major objective of the study was to search for African-American males in the second stage of syphilis, and then from time to time perform exams on these men to find out the effects that syphilis had on their bodies. (Grey 1998) Raymond A. Vonderlehr...
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...Victoria Morgan English Composition 101-3716 Dr. Hernandez 11/24/2014 Rhetorical Analysis of Dave Chappelle’s Stand-up and Maida Galvez’s Research Paper Insufficient intake of healthful food and consequences is a topic of many academic and non-academic talks. Whether authors are writing to share information with readers, like a group of researchers from Mount Sinai School of Medicine, or tell an amusing story, like Dave Chappelle in his standup routine, they make appeals to emotions, authority, or logic to persuade the audience. The choice of persuasive strategies depends on the author’s purpose and expectations of the intended audience. In the article, Race and Food Availability in an Inner-city Neighborhood, first published online in 15 October 2007, a group of researchers from Mount Sinai School of Medicine argues that the availability and price of quality foods in grocery stores varies from neighborhood to neighborhood. Conducting a walking survey of food options in East Harlem, NY, they came to conclusion that low-income areas, minority communities, are dominated by fast food restaurants and small stores offering limited selections of healthful foods, when Caucasian neighborhoods are located in close proximity to full-service restaurants and grocery stores offering wide selection of foods. Researchers believe that this food disparities have “implications for racial/ethnic differences in dietary quality, obesity and obesity-related disorders” (Galvez et al. 624). ...
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...In this paper, I will be focusing on the act of racial profiling, which has become quite common in the contemporary society. Racial profiling refers to the practice of using race as the main ground for suspecting individuals of having committed an offense. I will be sharing this article with the history professor in Sunderland University. Racial Profiling Component of Article The article that I will review and is related to this topic on racial profiling is named “Race and Justice: Wrongful Convictions of African American Men” is written by Feagin Joe. Precisely, this article mainly talks about how the African Americans tend to be wrongly convicted due to racial prejudice and discrimination (Feagin, 2013). In order to gather adequate...
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...profiling, the concern about it is erupting in the entire nation (Harcourt 18). Racial profiling is considered as the use of the individual’s ethnicity and race through the law enforcement personnel. In many of the jurisdiction, the practice of such acts is considered as illegal and controversial. United States have decided to work on the issues related to the racial profiling, that how the ethnicity and race play a part in order to stop the injustice through the law enforcement in relevance to their jurisdictions (Welch 282). The term racial profiling is defined as the discrimination on the basis of the stereotypes (Harcourt 31). The racial profiling is explained in various ways, it has been used in almost every law enforcement agency. The paper aims to discuss the issue of racial profiling and why people dislike police. Racial Profiling...
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...Submitted: 1 business research ethicsBy Jere Gossom Similarity Index 0% What's this? Similarity by Source Internet Sources:0% Publications:0% Student Papers:N/A include quotedinclude bibliographyexclude small matchesdownloadrefreshprint mode:show highest matches together show matches one at a time quickview (classic) report Business Research Ethics Jere Gossom RES/351 10/22/2012 Mr. Warlick Business Research Ethics This paper will look to provide documentation of unethical research perpetrated against certain populations of the United States. During the research, promises of free treatment in regards to the study were promised, but were never given. In fact, when the cure was needed it was withheld. In 1932, The United States Public Health Service initiated a 40 year study, in which a series of experiments were conducted on 400 poor African Americans. These men were subjected to the syphilis without knowledge. The participants in the study were never informed of the risks, nor were they informed of the researches design. They were simply told they had “bad blood”. The unethical research behavior involved consisted of; one, not mentioning the risks involved; two, promising free treatment with no plan to do so; and three, lying and telling the gentlemen that they simply had “bad blood”. The injured parties involved were low income African American men who trusted the government to do as they say and provide the free treatment even when...
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...To a larger degree, historians have examined the white American businesspeople about the economies and market cultures. This paper going to talk about the African American business and consumer cultures, such as blacks’ culture and entrepreneurship, African American and immigrant self-employment in the United States. Also the African Americans’ buying behavior like the selling strategy makes it success to African American, and what is the reason. At the end going to talk about cross-cultural business, how to do business in the African American community. Known African American’s culture and background history is always helps to be success to avoid the mistakes which you shouldn’t do. Directly relating African American History and African American Business leaders, Pharrell Williams would be the perfect example of how the Black history influences the ways of business in the African American community. A lot of people might argue that he is not business man but he is the biggest entertainment business leader. “Every one of us is an amalgamation not only of all our ancestors, but of their decisions, and in 1831, Ambrose Hawkins was contemplating moving his family from America to Africa. Had he done so, his son Joseph would have been raised in Liberia instead of North Carolina and never would have become Pharrell Williams’s third great-grandfather. As it happens, Ambrose did go to Liberia, but opted for a solo round trip, rather than a family migration. If not for this last minute...
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...selecting the most appropriate group(s) and individuals for the firm to serve” (p. 369). TRIAAD Research Group has been tasked with marketing flavored cigarettes to European and other international markets for the Exotic Smokes Cigarette Company. To build a consistent brand message across all markets, TRIAAD will use a standardized marketing approach. TRIAAD will have to use different market strategies to market flavored cigarettes within the different subcultures. Subcultures are “cultural subgroups differentiated by status, ethnic background, residence, religion or other factors that functionally unify the group and act collectively on each member” (“The Free Dictionary”, 2013). This paper will provide the market strategies used to market flavored cigarettes to the subcultures of African American, Hispanic, and Asian. African American The marketing strategies that would be used to market flavored cigarettes within the African American should first start with the brand name. The brand name should be printed in languages like Gullah and Creole. Further the pricing of the cigarettes have to be lower than normal cigarettes the distribution should take place in the areas of African Americans in Louisiana and Georgia. The African American vernacular English should be used for printed ads in English and on the Internet sites of Universities. The political forces in the African American community should be considered. The attitudes towards fruit and vegetable...
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...Child Rearing Practices BY Ken Robertson This paper is going to compare the practices of childrearing among two cultural groups Cuban Americans and Latin Americans. The childrearing practices of Americans have been extensively documented. The picture which comes to light in this paper is that of a permissive and affectionate parent. Who relies more on psychological techniques of discipline that, on direct methods such as corporal punishment. There are several comparisons of childrearing practices of American parents and those of parents from other cultural groups. Childrearing patterns of Hispanic and Latin American groups haven’t been extensively studied. The few studies that do exist generally portray the Hispanic family as one where warmth and affection are readily dispensed to the child, obedience is emphasized at the expense of self-reliance, and physical punishment is overtly threatened but inconsistently used. And perhaps because they constitute conveniently accessible populations, most existing cross-cultural childrearing studies have Compared Mexican-Americans and Mexicans. The absence of studies involving other Hispanic American groups make it difficult to estimate the extent to which the obtained results are descriptive of Hispanics in general or Mexicans and Mexican-Americans in particular. Second, most cross-cultural research has focused on the mother, child, and dad. Finally, there have been few efforts to systematize the use of instruments...
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...American Cancer Society: Advocating for the Family Smoke Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (FSPTCA) 2009. Abstract On June 22, 2009, President Obama signed into law the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (FSPTCA). This Act gave the FDA authority to regulate the distribution, manufacture and sale of tobacco to the public in the United States. The American Cancer Society and many others believe that the enactment of an effective national tobacco control policy is a necessary first step in reducing youth and adult smoking, controlling the tobacco industry, and significantly reducing tobacco- related disease and death. Before this day tobacco products were unregulated by the federal government. This paper will discuss the Act and the ACS strong support of this Act, as well as some of its supporters and opposers. My interest group is the American Cancer Society. One of the organizations priority issues is to prevent cancer. They work with lawmakers to pass laws to defeat cancer and rally communities to join the fight. Many people think of cancer as a purely medical or scientific issue, but it is just as much a political issue. Every day in the news we hear of legislators introducing bills, passing laws and allocating funds that affect people with cancer and their families. Even clinical trials and health insurance all involve legislation. As a community-based organization the ACS unites millions of people...
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...Religious and Ethnic Diversity Paper Ryan K Wehrsig, University of Phoenix I have chosen to write the religious part of this paper on the Roman Catholic religion. The Roman Catholic religion differs from other religions in many ways. The Church teaches that it is the one true Church divinely founded by Jesus Christ. They differ from a Christen religion even though they worship the same God. They have unique beliefs, practices, and traditions that set them apart from other Christians. Over the course of the centuries there has been many quarrels and hostilities between Catholics/Christians and Muslims. In the 1500’s the Roman Catholic Church did not tolerate any deviance from its teachings because they did not want to show a sign of weakness. The Roman Catholic religion has contributed a lot to the American culture. About 24 percent of Americans identify themselves as Catholic, making Catholicism the largest Christian denomination in America. One of the biggest religions we have here in our Country. Catholics faced a lot of discrimination and prejudice when they were first being introduced into the United States. Some states even tried to banning Catholicism. Even though the first amendment of the constitution granted freedom of religion a lot of Americans did not accept Catholic newcomers. From my research I have learned a lot about the catholic religion. It helped me to get to understand it a little more in the sense of now I know that they are part of the Christian religion...
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