...are discriminated in more ways than one. Up until recently a college degree or even a high school diploma wasn’t necessary to be successful but now in the 21st century, a college degree will be what stands between you and a better paying job. The need and the strive for higher education is the reason why campuses are now multicultural. Since time has changed how things...
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...has had to African Americans in regard to College admission, this essay will seek to ascertain to what extent the policy has lead to positive results. While in addition, evaluating whether this policy is both a legitimate and a necessary feature within Universities in contemporary America, or should be abandoned. Following President Johnson signing into law, executive order 11246 in 1965, the concept of affirmative action was formed and subsequently integrated within the college admission process in the United States. The primary intention of the policy was to ‘redress the disadvantages associated with overt historical discrimination’. [2] While furthermore, seeking to ensure that institutions, such as Universities, were more ‘representative of the populations they serve’. [3] Since the implementation of the policy, throughout American University Campuses and the corridors of power in Washington, both debate and discourse has taken place in regard to the fairness and necessity of the practice of Affirmative Action within the College Admission process. As asserted by Garcia, those in favour of Affirmative action programs within Colleges viewed that the implementation of the policy was evidently ‘a catalyst that would play a significant role in diversifying our Institutions of higher learning’. [4] However, those opposed to the integration of affirmative action in this manner alleged that ‘something was occurring on college campuses that warranted organised resistance’. [5] ...
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...The Long-Term Effects of Binge Drinking on University Students Sociology Abstract Binge drinking on university campuses poses a concern for serious health issues and negative social implications. Education and awareness, about the non-gender specific short and long term effects associated with binge drinking, provides a mechanism for students to make informed decisions about the alcohol consumption levels they will indulge in. This report illustrates the risks associated with binge drinking and offers an info graphic for observation, and consideration by students that challenges them to stop and think before they engage in risky drinking behaviours. The information for this report is drawn from the research findings of studies carried out by a variety of academics and professionals. The objective is to alert or reiterate, to the entire university student population, the risks associated with binge drinking, and the hope is that students will be oriented toward making choices related to their optimal health and wellbeing and avoid binge drinking. For many students, relaxing after a difficult week of study and research is complemented by drugs and alcohol, and sometimes way too much of either or both. Evidence of imbibing plentifully can be witnessed on campus after wild nights, reminders of excess that lead binge-drinkers to unhealthy mornings and possibly to poor exam or paper results. The “What’s Your Cap?” initiative has presented...
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...discriminated against at colleges and universities they attend. Introduction: After high school, most scholars look forward to the “university life”, as that is where you expect to discover who you truly are and where you belong in the world. Because the student community at universities are so diverse based on race, gender and backgrounds, you expect to experience acceptance, unity and from there, also adopt me confidence. In spite of this, it isn’t always easy for homosexuals to express themselves as they are, because many of the other students seem to be overly judgemental towards them. The following research proposal is conducted to identify what homosexuality is, and how students that...
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...Standard tests, such as SAT and ACT, have always been regarded as the strongest predictors of students’ future college performance. However, of these years, its validity has become one of the hottest debate among American campuses. In fact, several individual institutions have carried out validity researches in order to find out the reliability of standard tests.But such researches show that the SAT has a weak predictive ability. One study* at the University of Pennsylvania looked at the power of SAT I, and SAT II in predicting cumulative college GPAs. Researchers found that the SAT I and SAT II were the weakest predictors, explaining only 4% and 6.8% of the variation in college grades respectively. Another study** of 10,000 students at 11 selective public and private institutions of higher education found that a 100-point increase in SAT combined scores, regardless of race, gender, and field of study constant, led to a one- tenth of a grade point gain for college GPA. Also, present findings in Wake Forest University show that black students who graduated from college had significantly lower SAT scores than white students. But they both graduated with the same college GPA. Thus, according to the above three researches, the SAT is hardly a viable predictor of college success. Although professor Robert J. Vanderbei from Princeton University thought that SAT is ‘a ...
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...to bolster first-generation and low-income students’ college success. While students who overcome the odds to gain access to college bring with them significant grit and resilience, the road through college is often a rocky one. First Lady Michelle Obama described the obstacles that first-generation and low-income students commonly confront. No stranger to these challenges, she said: You’re in a whole new world. You might have trouble making friends because you don’t see any peers who come from a background like yours. You might be worried about paying for classes, and food, and room and board because you have never had to set your own budget before. You might be feeling guilty when you call home because Mom and Dad are wondering why you didn’t get a job so you could help support their family. Those are the kinds of obstacles these kids are facing right from day one. Even among the select group that make it to college, first-generation and low-income students, on average, find it harder to fit in, receive lower grades, and drop out at higher rates than do students from higher income backgrounds with college-educated parents (i.e., continuing-generation students). Study after study demonstrates that the financial, academic, and psychological barriers that these students encounter can significantly undermine their performance. The summit shined the national policy spotlight on this persistent social class achievement gap. Our own and others’ research shows that these feelings...
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...force behind their choice to attend college, there are other contributing factors. College provides an opportunity for young women to experience a limited form of independence and to intermingle with members of the opposite sex. College is the first public place where women come into contact with members of the opposite sex. “College in one place in Iran’s Islamic society that enables young men and women to interact, albeit surreptitiously.” (Shavarini 341) Relationships between men and women are highly guarded in Iran. Their society is heavily segregated by gender. Men and women who are not related may not have any contact. Young men and women are often stopped in public and asked to show proof that they are related. Those that have broken this rule may be detained, fined, and even punished. Because of this segregation many women feel that it is suffocating them. Girls have few choices after high school they are often forced to marry or go to college. Going to college will delay marriage for young girls by another four years. Attending a college or university allows them to escape their restrictive home environments and gives them a chance to be away from the scrutiny of their family and neighbors. “Young women were flocking to institutions of higher education as a result of the broader society in which they live. That is, young Iranian women do not consider college an avenue through which they can acquire skills and knowledge. For them, college is an experience of intangibles:...
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...color from both the secondary school and collegiate institution levels. In order for the U.S. to compete globally, past research studies proved additional efforts must be made to help close the diversity and gender gap within the STEM fields. National STEM Enrollment and Retention Trends In the U.S., the total number of bachelor’s degrees awarded annually had nearly tripled over the past 40 years, but awarded STEM degrees had not. The U.S. continued to award fewer STEM degrees each year compared to other countries worldwide (Maltese & Tai, 2011). High school students with impressive grade point averages (GPA), no matter their race or gender should be encouraged to pursue a STEM major (Thompson & Bolin, 2011). Studies proved high school coursework played a significant role in a student’s decision to pursue a STEM major while in college. The completion of high school courses such as biology, chemistry, physics, calculus, and trigonometry showed a positive correlation with students deciding to major in a STEM field (Maltese & Tai, 2011). An important attribute to increase enrollment of women of color in STEM disciplines is to have the presence of women that work in STEM in the community and institution that serve as role models. Despite the importance of pre-college characteristics and experiences, however, research also suggests that institutional structures, policies, and practices...
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...A New Era in Marriage Patrick Liou PSYC 359 Professor Barone A New Era in Marriage Robert Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love states that intimacy, passion, and commitment combine to produce different types of love, ranging from non-love to consummate love. In the 21st century, most Americans consider romantic love as key criteria in finding a marital spouse, but throughout history, the choice of a spouse usually had little if any to do with romantic love. In the 1960s, when the dynamics of a marriage followed the breadwinner-homemaker model, couples who married looked for a companionate partnership that would provide a stable living financially since financial stability was often a priority over individual happiness. Fast-forward fifty years, the economic prosperity has turned the United States into an individualistic society, and the lack of connection and chemistry would often be a deal breaker in a romantic relationship. This shift of prevalent love style from companionate partnerships to individualized marriages that stress romantic love can be attributed to women having better access of higher education and becoming economically independent of men, breaking the need for women to depend on a man as the breadwinner of the household. With women becoming financially independent, they are no longer limited to being a homemaker and can pursue the same opportunities that are offered to men. Thus, under the social exchange theory, men are no longer able to offer financial...
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...One of the most apparent examples of this is sexism. An example of sexual harassment within the environment would be getting a raise or promotion in exchange for a sexual favor. If a workplace produces an atmosphere that in turn is intimidating towards women then it should be in violation of the law. However, sexual harassment is not synonymous with workplace inequality. Usually inequalities within the workplace typically refer to functional impediments placed around women that cause them to under perform. Other than sexual harassment the main reason for workplace inequality is discrimination. Occupational segregation and the pay gap are two of the leading causes of discrimination against women. In Newman’s book he states Newman is saying that women, even though have increased their role into traditional male occupations, are still being well underrepresented among some of the more major and common professions. The term pink-collar is often used to label certain jobs that are portrayed to be stereotypically female. The word discriminates that type of work from the white and blue-collar work that is often associated with men. As a culture, we have to support people to go outside the limitations and acknowledge the contributions that all individuals, male and female, offer in the...
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...65-82 ISSN 2152-1034 Gender Compensation Discrimination: An Exploration of Gender Compensation Gap and the Higher Education Connection Judith E. Grey-Bowen, Miami-Dade County Public Schools Donovan A. McFarlane, The Donovan Society LLC and Frederick Taylor University Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the gender gap and the potential factors that contribute to income inequality. Since the passing of the equal pay act, the median weekly earnings of women is still just seventy eight cents on each dollar that men earn (Center for American Progress, 2010). To put this in context, the pay gap in 1970 was sixty two cents and in 1992 it was seventy five cents (Institute for Women’s Research, 1993). Undervaluation of women’s work, occupational gender segregation, and discriminatory treatment in the workplace continue to hamper efforts to reduce the gender pay gap. A pay check is women’s and men’s most important source of income. Therefore, it is surprising, discriminatory and unfair to know that after both genders have worked satisfactorily on the same job; they do not receive the same pay. The gender pay gap is the best way to measure pay inequality between men and women. The authors discuss Gender Compensation Discrimination and examine the historical trends in pay difference, the various causes and the methods and paths considered for closing the Gender Compensation Gap. Key words: Gender Compensation Discrimination, Gender Compensation Gap, Equality, Rights and...
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...Critique of ADA and Affirmative Action Diane Beleau Cultural Diversity and Special Populations/BSHS422 15 April 2013 Shonette “Shirley” Wilson In this paper I will discuss the Americans with Disabilities Act, which was established to assist individuals with Disabilities from being discriminated against, and Affirmative Action, whose policies were implemented to have fair treatment of all races, color, religions, or national origins. The Stanford Encyclopaedia states, “Affirmative action” means positive steps taken to increase the representation of women and minorities in areas of employment, education, and business from which they have been historically excluded. When those steps involve preferential selection—selection on the basis of race, gender, or ethnicity—affirmative action generates intense controversy” (Fullinwider, 2011). In 1972, affirmative action became an inflammatory public issue. True enough, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 already had made something called “affirmative action” a remedy federal courts could impose on violators of the Act. Likewise, after 1965 federal contractors had been subject to President Lyndon Johnson’s Executive Order 11246, requiring them to take “affirmative action” to make sure they were not discriminating. But what did this 1965 mandate amount to? The Executive Order assigned to the Secretary of Labor the job of specifying rules of implementation. In the meantime, as the federal courts were enforcing the Civil Rights Act against discriminating...
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...Kennedy, passed an executive order intending to provide equal opportunities for members of minority groups and women in education and employment. President Kennedy was the first to use the term affirmative action within the order directing government contractors to take “affirmative action”. In the following years, the enrollment rates for African American and Latino students had steadily increased and colleges and universities began adopting similar recruitment policies. Despite the efforts that have been made to establish equal opportunity, gaps in college enrollment between minority and white students...
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... Analysis 13 Recommendation 14 Works Cited 15 Executive Summary As the leading distributor of alcoholic beverages in the world we have built our foundation with our commitment to being an effective, responsible, and productive corporation. Due to the nature of our business, our company must adhere to a number of laws and regulations that at times are restrictive to the business aspect of our corporation. In order to continue to make strides towards bettering ourselves we need to continue being socially responsible, in particular push our “Responsibility Matters” campaign. The opportunities for consumers to engage in drunk driving, underage drinking, and binge drinking on university campuses have historically been a major concern for all alcohol distributors. Our corporation has committed to educating our...
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...have Adjunct Faculty Mentoring Programs designed to nurture the success of their adjuncts by giving them the training and support they need. This study will examine the effects that a program like this has on the performance of adjunct faculty by comparing their satisfaction before and after implementation of the program at Eastern Florida State College. Hypothesis An Adjunct Faculty Mentoring Program has a positive effect on the...
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