...bibliography, the paper will be on human gene editing. It will be focusing on the ethical and legal aspects of human gene editing. She is going to argue that people shouldn’t be able to participate in gene editing. 2. In the sources, there are several summaries about the CRISPR technique used in human gene editing, but it is flawed and not a technique that is completely reliable yet in modern medicine. She addresses that she will be addressing legal and ethical aspects of the gene editing controversies. She also included several points about using credible scientist that focus on this section in biology, and using their knowledge and facts to justify why individuals should not practice human gene editing...
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...to change or mutate DNA in a child in the US. Specifically modifying or editing gene cells or embryos so that a child has certain features are called “designer babies.” Designer babies could be of great help to society. For example, if the next generation is biologically smarter,...
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...resources results in the increase in the available, accessible information for the community. Since the beginning of the century, online science journals have made the scientific community cohesive by providing with the most up to date findings for research being conducted in particular fields as well as all are new ways to “interact” amongst individuals. For this report we have chosen four online resources that provide information on the area of biomolecular biology and neurology, we will enumerate their usefulness to our particular field of interest and their incidence in our future professional careers. In the 1850’s, an Austrian monk Gregor Mendel discovered that he can manipulate plant offspring to breed plants selectively with traits that he wished to see; he cross-bred two tall pea plants and found that the offspring almost certainly expressed the "tall" feature. At the time, the scientific community was ignorant with genetic and DNA comprehension, but Mendel's work would prove to be a precursor to Darwin's evolutionary theory and eventually a foundation for all medical practice performed today. While our understanding of genetics is superb at best, new ideas and practices keep the medical field in constant progression. "Gene Editing Could Make Pig-to-Human Organ...
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...introduction of CRISPR, this question has been asked repeatedly. CRISPR brought more than the possibility of one-day eliminating genetic diseases, CRISPR also brought back this ancient belief that one day we will live in a society where humans are genetically enhanced. Although created and endorsed for therapeutic purposes, Jennifer Doudna, the co-discoverer of CRISPR fears this technology may one day turn into a nightmare. However, as Dr. Lovell-Badge puts it, “genetic engineering doesn’t have to be an all or nothing proposition. There is a middle ground to stake out with laws, regulation and oversight.” (Gene editing) Thus, if lines were to be drawn beforehand of what may or may not be designed with genetic enhancement on one side and gene therapy on the other, this technology could be used for its intended purpose. Before this paper does draw lines, genetic enhancement and gene therapy must be defined. There are many definitions connected to both terms, the following definitions provided will be used for the purpose of this...
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...The transplant was done by Dr. Leonard Bailey and it was successful but unfortunately, baby fae died twenty-one days after her surgery. The most likely source of organ transplantation is pigs. The reason stated from the researchers is that they have right sizes, highly domesticated, and grow quickly. The main issue outlined in this paper is that is it worth the risk of taking animal organs to save a human’s life? Technology has opened up many new opportunities to improve medical science, but unfortunately, the discover of transplanting animal organs into humans is not the solution to the shortage of organs for transplantation because it has many consequences, such as transmission of diseases, increasing the risk of organ rejection and moral...
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...Crispr-Cas 9 is an editing tool that lets scientists have the ability to perform specific edits to genes. It is a step forward from the cumbersome technique called the zinc finger nucleases and Talens. The Crispr-Cas 9 was invented at the University of California, Berkeley and reported very little in the papers about four years ago. Today, the technique is spreading quickly across the world. The discovery of such technique was such a momentous event that Science, a journal, named it “the breakthrough of the year.” With this tool, scientists have better access to understand how the genes and cells in our body work. It helps to open the doors to research that would have been too expensive to do without this new editing technique. Crispr-Cas...
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...cells blocks the blood flow, causing painful attacks and sometimes stroke. Due to their different shape and chemistry, they are controlled by many free radical processes. This paper will talk about the frequency this disease, inheritance pattern, genetic changes, current research and/or efforts to develop vaccine, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of sickle cell anemia....
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...As human civilization has evolved over the centuries, the ways we produce our food has changed and grown right along beside it. There are many terms for describing this process such as food biotechnology or genetic engineering, but the most common one is genetically modified organisms or GMO. GMO can be used for other things besides crops, though this particular area is the one this paper will be focusing on. There have been many opinions and misconceptions about this subject but in reality it has been used in one form or another since humans began farming and will continue into the future, not only out of curiosity but of necessity. Humans began using the abilities of altering their food since nearly ten thousand years ago when we began to domesticate animals and kept plants...
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...Autism Jennifer Van Puymbrouck ENGL 112, Composition DeVry University Autism, what is autism? Autism “is a complex neurobehavioral disorder that includes impairments in social interaction and developmental language and communication skills combined with rigid, repetitive behaviors” (WebMD). Autism spectrum disorder or ASD for short; is how the doctors are recognizing any child or adult that falls within the Autism category. Clearly we have a growing problem with ASD, it is estimated that “1 out of every 88 children” will be given a diagnosis of autism (Jaslow, 2014). Why instead of decreasing, are autism cases rising? Some say it due to the ways that doctors are able to diagnose autism, but I think there is a different cause. There is one thing that most children have in common and that is the immunizations that are given to most children from birth. Doctors have found that ASD affect boys more that girls and they are “almost five times more likely” to be diagnosed with some form of ASD then girls (Jaslow, 2014). There is enough evidence at present to say that the rise in autism cases can be linked to immunizations. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism can be defined by “a group of complex disorders of the brain development” and “has roots in very early brain development” (Autism Speaks, 2015). Children typically show some signs of autism between 2 to 3 years old. Some of the most common characteristics that most ASD patients display would include: difficulties...
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...Frankenstein Research Paper Cloning has been around for many of years. Having identical twins is considering having a natural clone; they carry the same DNA and have nearly the same genetic makeup as each other. In the past twenty years, artificial cloning has come around. Artificial cloning is the process of removing a mature somatic cell from an animal and injecting its DNA into another empty or non-mature egg. Cloning became national news after a sheep, called Dolly, was the first clone to survive the process (https://www.genome.gov/25020028/cloning-fact-sheet/). Scientists at the University of Edinburgh used the process of artificial cloning to create the first cloned animal in 1996. Afterwards, the process of cloning was refined...
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...Abstract This research study includes the characterization and examination of the physical and chemical properties of the soil present in Cavite National Science High School to collect data about the present status of the soil in the area. The researcher examined the soils through the collection of data using the protocols provided by the GLOBE Website. The data that were collected were encoded to the GLOBE Website for the scientists to be able to better understand and interpret the current status of the soil. The soil samples were collected from the site located inside the vicinity of Cavite National Science High School. The gathering of samples was done on the two different seasons of the year, the wet and dry season. The protocols provided by the GLOBE organization were used in conducting the experiments in determining the soil properties. Some of the experimentation proper was done in the school’s Chemistry laboratory and Biology Laboratory. Soil samples were sent to the Department of Agriculture in Trece Martirez City to be able to obtain the results for the pH level and N-P-K Content of the soil. The results showed that the soil in Cavite National Science High School had a pH level of 5.8, temperature of 27.65°C. The nitrogen and potassium content of the soil was low in all of its horizons, sufficient potassium content and medium content of phosphorus. According to the analysis made, there was a significant difference in the bulk density of the soil and there was no significant...
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...classification Description Cause and effect Interpreting diagrammatic information Comparing and contrast Proofreading and editing Text Used 1. 2. Main Text: Oshima, A & Hogue. ( 1997). Introduction to Academic Writing. New York: AddisonWesley, Longman Zimmerman. (2003).English for Science. Singapore: Prentice Hall Additional Text Brannan, B. (2003). A Writer’s Workshop: Crafting Paragraphs, Building Essays. McGraw Hill Trible,C. (2003). Writing Oxford: Oxford University Press Method of Assessment 2 Assignments + 1 Test Assignment 1 -15% (Outlines) Assignment 2 – 15% (interpreting data) Test – 10% (Grammar/proofreading) Final Examination- 60% Section A- Essay Section B- Grammar Section C- Interpreting Graphic Data LECTURE 1 INTRODUCTION TO EFFECTIVE WRITING SKILLS What is Science Writing? Science writers are responsible for covering fields that are experiencing some of the most rapid advances in history, from the stunning advances in biotechnology to the exotic discoveries in astrophysics. A science writer may include coverage of new discoveries about viruses, the brain, evolution, artificial intelligence, planets around other suns, and the global environment, to name a few topics Aims and objectives for writing for science To provide students with the necessary knowledge of the writing process, drafting, revising and editing. To expose students to the different modes of writing for science To provide student with the language forms to describe...
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...Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia. Research advances have enabled detailed understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of the hallmarks of the disease-ie, plaques, composed of amyloid β (Aβ), and tangles, composed of hyperphosphorylated tau. However, as our knowledge increases so does our appreciation for the pathogenic complexity of the disorder. Familial Alzheimer's disease is a very rare autosomal dominant disease with early onset, caused by mutations in the amyloid precursor protein and presenilin genes, both linked to Aβ metabolism. By contrast with familial disease, sporadic Alzheimer's disease is very common with more than 15 million people affected worldwide. The cause of the sporadic form of the disease is unknown, probably because the disease is heterogeneous, caused by ageing in concert with a complex interaction of both genetic and environmental risk factors. This seminar reviews the key aspects of the disease, including epidemiology, genetics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as recent developments and controversies. 100 years ago, Alois Alzheimer gave a lecture at a congress in Tubingen, Germany, on the first case of the disease that Kraepelin some years later named Alzheimer's disease.1 In this single case. Alzheimer described typical clinical characteristics with memory disturbances and instrumental signs, and the neuropathological picture with miliary bodies (plaques) and dense bundles of fibrils (tangles), which we today...
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...unjustified negative stigma, despite contradicting evidence. This stigma came about due to a lack of education on the topic, and assumptions made as a result of that lack of knowledge. The subject of pornography is a peculiar one, seeing as it is not something the average person can typically discuss with their parents during dinner. I have always been deeply fascinated by pornography. However, my fascination lies not with the content, but with the science and logic that creates a “need” for porn. I believe that the majority of people vastly lack an education on and make general assumptions about porn. In addition, I love to learn and educate on myself on topics like evolution, of which the main goal is reproduction and the transfer of genes down to proceeding generations. This means that overall, the main goal of life is sex. Pornography is a word that is difficult to define. In past times, it was “used broadly to refer to sexually explicit words or images. Today, the meaning of the term has been narrowed somewhat to describe sexually explicit material that is considered offensive." (Beggan). With the distribution of pornography comes an increase in fascination of situations that are considered to be taboo. A taboo is the “prohibition of an action based on the belief that such behavior is either too sacred and consecrated or too dangerous and accursed for ordinary individuals to undertake” (“Taboo”). An example of a subject many consider to...
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...corrections in the online correction form. Always indicate the line number to which the correction refers. · You can also insert your corrections in the proof PDF and email the annotated PDF. · Remember to note the journal title, manuscript number, and your name when sending your response via e-mail. · Check any questions that have arisen during copy editing or typesetting and insert your answers/corrections. ·Check that the text is complete and that all figures, tables and their legends are included. Also check the accuracy of special characters, equations, and additional files if applicable. Substantial changes in content, e.g., new results, corrected values, title and authorship are not allowed without the approval of the responsible editor. In such a case, please contact us for futher advice. · If we do not receive your corrections within 48 hours, we will send you a reminder. · The final versions of your article will be published around one week after receipt of your corrected proofs. Jaworek et al. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases 2012, 7:44 http://www.ojrd.com/content/7/1/44 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 RESEARCH Open Access Molecular genetic studies and delineation of the oculocutaneous albinism phenotype in the Pakistani population Thomas J Jaworek1, Tasleem Kausar2, Shannon M Bell1, Nabeela Tariq2, Muhammad Imran Maqsood2, Asma Sohail2, Muhmmmad Ali2, Furhan Iqbal2, Shafqat Rasool3, Saima Riazuddin1,4,5,6, Rehan S Shaikh2,8* and Zubair M Ahmed1...
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