...Genetic counseling Above the last few years, research and developments in genetics have exceeded our potentials and have changed the approach of thinking of us about health. We know genetics has been involve in newborn screening, pre and postnatal diagnosis, hematological disorders and solid tumour, nearly every disorder is subject in by an individual’s genetic material. Consequently, it is important to consider the effect of genetics for any disorder during a patient’s life. Each disorders have different genetic pattern, and how much genes contribute to disease remains to be learned. Advance development in understanding the genetic changes in these disorders allows early diagnostic tests, advance treatments, or interventions to prevent disease...
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...Hi Krisherm, Thank you for well-explained post on genetic counseling. With the question you have raised for us on genetic counseling, it has given me the chance to research and learn about genetic education and the implications to our physical therapy profession. Krisherm, I apologized in advance for my different take on genetic counseling, which discusses not so much on prenatal screens but more so on human genetics. I realized that I was researching more on generalized screening per se. To answer your question: [What are your thoughts on genetic counseling? Should we impart our professional beliefs and personal values when our patients ask us regarding this subject?] The advances of human genetics can pose affirmation of therapeutic benefits in the fields of medicine. Goldberg (2005) contended The Human Genome Project [HGP] flourished in 1995 was initiated with goals of sequencing and mapping of human genome by year 2005. It proceeded to let patients (suffering from genetic condition like cancer), set hope of being able to identify the genes that predisposes to tumor formation. One such example is the BRCA1 influencing susceptibility to breast and ovarian...
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...GENETIC COUNSELING IN NURSING AND ETHICS Hyang Ko Azusa Pacific University Abstract The current development of genetic information and technique leaves us assignments. It is included ethical issues, roles of nurses, and the responsibilities in healthcare professionals. In order to understand nurses’ role and responsibilities and to provide genetic counseling, two research article with text books were reviewed. There were conflicts within ethical principles and nurses’ obligation. Each principle is important but one principle is superior to others when healthcare professionals make a decision in a certain context. It is necessary that genetic counseling is provided to patients and their family when healthcare professionals deal with genetic information. The two research articles empathized that experienced nurses are excellent candidates in genetic counseling within healthcare professionals by being educated, trained about genetic information. Genetic Counseling in Nursing and Ethics Definitions of Genetics and Genetic Counseling Officially, the terms of Genetics and genetic counseling is defined by Wekipidia as below: Genetics, a discipline of biology, is the science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics). Genetic counseling is the process by which patients or relatives, at risk of an inherited disorder, are advised of the consequences and nature of the disorder, the probability of developing or transmitting...
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...GNT1, Contemporary Nursing Issues, Task 1 Mrs. Elli Baker is a 73-year-old female who is transferred to the emergency room after collapsing in her backyard. Just prior to this, while talking to her friend on the phone, she seemed confused and beside herself. Upon arrival to the ER, she complains of some dyspnea with an increase in her respiratory rate and pulse. Her previous history includes diabetes and hypertension. She has recently started a new blood pressure medication: lisinopril. Her other medications include metformin and hydrochlorothiazide. The nurse is able to ask Mrs. Baker a few questions, but she then becomes unresponsive and has more difficult time breathing. As Mrs. Baker’s nurse, I would initiate a code immediately by dialing the operator using the phone in the patient’s room. The operator, in turn, calls a code over the hospital intercom system; thus, obtaining the assistance of several other staff members such as a respiratory therapist, the nursing supervisor, and an ICU (Intensive Care Unit) nurse. The respiratory therapist is expert in the field of lung function and responds to any codes or traumas within the hospital. The respiratory therapist participates in intubation of a patient, manages the bag/valve mask system for managing respirations in an intubated patient, performs tests such as ABG, and manages ventilation equipment when necessary. The Nursing Supervisor makes herself available to all nursing staff for support, acts as a script...
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...Imagine you are a genetic counselor. You counsel couples both before and after pregnancy on fertility, genetic disorders, and pregnancy issues. Several couples you counseled are discussed below. What may they learn by going to you, a genetic counselor? 1. The Millers have one brown-eyed female child and one male blue-eyed child. They are twins. How is this possible? Explain how that is possible by reviewing the phenotype and genotype of each child. There are two different types of twins: monozygotic twins (identical) and dizygotic twins (not identical). In this case, the twins are dizygotic because they do not share the same characteristics or gender, so each twin has his/her own set of genes from the parents. It is likely that one of the...
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...1. In class we spoke about how much counseling has changed over the years. We spoke about how individuals previously perceived seeking help from a counselor as a huge black mark that you needed to hide at all cost. Today, however, it is more talked about and nothing to be ashamed of. We spoke about high school “guidance counselors” and how majority dictated and limited student’s future career options, opportunities and self confidence; as per “old” days of school counseling. The class also noted that todays modern school counselor no longer limits students ambitions but instead encourages and them to reach of their dreams while teaching them tools to help them succeed. Looking back on the class discussion I would determine that though all of...
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...As a future counselor, there are several courses that are required to provide a counseling student with the necessities to be a practicing counselor in the state of Iowa. These courses range from an introductory course to a course in counseling methods. One of the ethical responsibilities of a counseling student is to pick a theoretical orientation that they will adhere to as a practicing counselor. The last ten weeks, multiple theories of counseling have been examined in a Theories of Counseling class. These theories have ranged from psychoanalytic theory with Sigmund Freud to post-modern approaches, such as solution-focused brief therapy. Each therapy has its own set of techniques that can be used to help a client reach their desired state....
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...Existential counselling is a philosophical form of counselling which addresses the situation of a person's life and situates the person firmly within the predictable challenges of the human condition. Existential counselling considers human living to take place within four dimensions: physical, social, psychological and spiritual. It shows each of these dimensions to be constituted like a force field, within which predictable paradoxes, tensions and dilemmas play out. Human beings can learn to deal with these tensions and conflicts more effectively by facing up to the negatives as well as the positives of their lives, including the tensions of life and death, love and hate, strength and weakness and meaning and absurdity. Best known authors on existential counselling are Irvin Yalom in the USA through his book Existential Psychotherapy (1981) New York: Basic Books and Emmy van Deurzen, who created the British School and who published her bookExistential Counselling and Psychotherapy in 1988 (London: Sage Publications; second edition 2002, third edition 2011). Existential therapy essentially helps deal with the problems of everyday living, such as relationship difficulties (both with Individuals & in Couple Therapy), anxiety/fear, food/body-image issues, addictions, mood disorders, social anxiety, panic, trauma, low self-esteem, unresolved childhood issues, sexual issues and others. It is a clear, direct and honest approach helping clients work on their particular, unique...
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...Items Name Institution Current Professional Issues, Relevant Etiological Models, and Key Actionable Items Introduction Thesis Statement: A healthy therapeutic alliance depends upon the resolution of professional issues facing the client-counselor relationship in addiction counseling practice. Counselors encounter regular professional challenges. These problems are exacerbated in substance abuse counseling due to the link between criminal activity and addiction. Counselors must weigh the risks and gains of various solutions to arrive at suitable decisions. This paper examines five current professional issues in addiction counseling, including the relevant etiological models and key actionable items for addressing these issues in a real world environment. Professional issues encompass topics of debate on practical or ethical conduct that underpins appropriate professional practice. In addiction counseling, five such issues are client rights (confidentiality, privileged communication, and privacy), physical and psychological self-care by the counselor, dual relationships, countertransference, and record keeping. Professional Issues In addiction counseling practice, it is common for interested parties (family members, medical doctors, probation officers, psychologists, or other counselors) to ask a counselor to share information concerning a client. Such a request could also come from an ancillary helping professional or the judicial system. Sharing...
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...in the job market. Counseling is a professional field of study that requires advanced education and training. Counseling graduates can meet the growing needs of society in many different areas of study. Counselors can work in different fields, depending on the population of expertise. Counseling in a school setting can be good for one who has interest in working with children in diverse areas of development by helping through social/personal, career development and the achievement of academic goals (American School Counselor Association, 2012). School counselors may work in post secondary schools, high schools, junior high, middle, and elementary schools. School counselors can collaborate with school professionals to make sure that the needs of these students are met. School counselors can also work in a college setting, which includes guidance and academic counselors. Counselors are there to offer guidance and academic assistance to college-aged students (O*NET, 2006). Rehabilitation counseling is an area of expertise for counselors who are interested in working with the disabled. Their area of concentration is to “counsel population with disabilities resulting from accidents, disease or illness, birth defects, or other causes” (Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012). Rehabilitation counselors develop programs tailored to help meet the needs of this population and in process help them have self-sufficiency. Mental health counseling is a field of counseling that deals with populations...
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...The Effects of Trauma on Clients and Mental Health Counselors Examples of Trauma: For this assignment we were asked to conceptualize two traumatic events to use as examples. One man-made or natural disaster and one personal trauma. The man-made disaster I choose is a mass shooting at a college campus. The personal trauma I choose is a car accident with a family of four which leaves the father dead, but the mother and two children survive. Potential Effects on Survivors: For the survivors of the campus shooting this event may be very traumatizing. A number of survivors may experience Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Human-caused mass disasters can leave survivors felling vulnerable and questioning their safety in the world. (Shallcross, 2012). The surviving auto accident family members left without a husband and father are going to have to deal with grief and loss. The wife may need to cope with overwhelming responsibility and the children may feel anger and a sense of abandonment. Potential Effects on First Responders: One possible effect on first responders to the scene of both the campus shooting and the family auto accident may be Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS). STS presents itself much like PTSD and is caused by viewing others suffer trauma (Baird & Kracen, 2006). The first responders at both trauma sites can be effected greatly even if only at the scene for a short time. According to Baird & Kracen (2006) "the precipitating experience(s)...
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...The student is a licensed clinical social worker. Currently, she works at a psychiatric hospital where she assess patients and refers them to the proper units or facilities in which they may receive treatment. This paper helps the student to understand the role she will play in the church community as a pastoral counselor. She will seek to identify ethical boundaries, Paradigm for Identity and Ethical Boundaries, future partnerships, and pre-counseling paperwork. Paradigm for Identity and Ethical Boundaries Paramount in any ministry is the need to adhere to a biblical code of ethics and the standards set forth; that is, a minimal standard that identifies oneself as a competent and trustworthy Christian worker. These standards are largely found within the context and framework of the Bible. As a biblical counselor or pastoral counselor it is important that one adheres to the word of God and recognizes the importance to maintain ethics and boundaries. This is to ensure that the worker is not operating according to their own flesh, but by the will and purpose of God. However, this is not a goal one can obtain on their own. In order to successfully do this one has to be connected to the Vine, in good fellowship with God, and listening for His voice when working with counselees. Trull and Carter (1993/2004) present the following items as essential boundaries for the establishment of this student-counselor’s biblical professional paradigm: 1. Education – The pastor will prepare...
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...Ethics Paper: Individual or Group Therapy HSER 511 Liberty University Abstracts The paper researches the ethical issues faced in group counseling. It also shows a comparison of individual and group counseling. The paper discusses issue of confidentiality, and how it affects group counseling. Confidentiality is considered cornerstone to counseling (Kocet 2006). It is very important for the counselor to reinsure that the client understands confidentiality policies. When dealing with adolescents, confidentiality rules and regulations are the same as adults. Counselors are bound by the same rules and regulations to keep the client’s (the minor) records privileged, but in cases of immediate danger or harm to others the counselor can disclose information to the minor’s parent. I think that I was direct leader, and I utilize several of the qualifications and skills that I learned in the class. Ethics Paper: Individual or Group Therapy When seeking help, it is very difficult to decide what type of therapy to choose. Because we have different situations and problems, the decision to choose individual or group therapy could be a very hard one. Many clients choose to benefit from both individual and group therapy. Groups can be a valuable resource to clients and helping them work out their...
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...Counseling and psychotherapy models & theories Ariam K. Frezghi Liberty University Abstract Counselors and Psychologist have different jobs and strategies but both accomplish the same outcome at the end. The terms Counseling and Psychotherapy are often used interchangeably. Though they have similar meanings with considerable overlap, there are some important distinctions between the two. Counseling is generally used to denote a relatively brief treatment that is focused most upon behavior. Psychotherapy on the other hand is generally a longer term treatment which focuses on more gaining insight into chronic physical and emotional problems. The overall aim of the article is to restimulate research and theory on the relationship. Keywords: Counseling, Psychotherapy, theories, methods Introduction Counseling sometimes is a conversation or series of conversations between a counselor and client. Counseling usually focuses on a specific problem and taking the steps to address or solve it. It often targets a particular symptom or problematic situation and offers suggestions and advice for dealing with it. Problems are discussed in the present-tense, without too much attention on the role of past experiences. Though the titles “counselor” and “advisor” are often used like synonyms, counselors rarely offer advice. Instead, counselors guide clients to discover their own answers and support them through the actions they choose to take. Psychotherapy, like counseling...
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...Counselors as Companions and Ethics in Human Services Human Service and the Environment Counselors as Companions and Ethics in Human Services In this article of from tragedy to triumph: counselor as companion on the hero’s journey, the counselor gained a lot of knowledge about himself and his counseling techniques during the time that he had Steve as a client. I believe the counselor was trying to come up with a solution to Steve’s problems and make his journey easier. By taking the longer, rougher road, Steve learned more about himself, his limitations and his strengths. This allowed for even bigger better possibilities in Steve’s life. The counselor can’t be responsible for Steve’s personal journey and guide him down the easier path. The counselor should only be along for the ride with Steve and help Steve through the difficult moments. Steve had to come to the realization that he had to choose a different path and create different goals. I think that the counselor will now change the way he tries to “fix” a client’s problems, and instead allow him to experience and overcome some of the rougher more challenging things in their life. I believe that there are people that we come into contact with that teach us life lessons and change us and the way we think and do things. As we meet extraordinary people, we learn from them and in many instances strive to be like them, or maybe to be the total opposite from them. Just like an infant, we are always seeing new things and...
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