...During the 13th century a small tribe known as the “barbarians” swept across Asia, Middle East, and Eastern Europe. They were known to be the negative and evil people throughout their civilizations. These people had little thoughts about farming due to them being nomadic and had always eaten meat. They were also known to be very destructive in their path. First off, Genghis Khan’s had violent ideas as one of them being, slaughtering the streets of Chinese capital with human flesh everywhere. A little history about Genghis Khan is that he never had the easiest childhood. He spent most of his teenage years fighting clan rivals since his father was poisoned by a rival. Genghis had won the leadership in 1206 while aspirations began to grow...
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...William Marriott AP World History Mongols Essay 3/14/14 In Eurasia during the 12th through 14th centuries the Mongols innovated new methods of expansion; like stirrups and Calvary that allowed them to conquer and rule the sedentary people of Eurasia. They were able to rule their conquered land by dividing it into Khanates (sections) ruled individually by Khans (rulers). Their rule both positively and negatively affected the people they conquered because the Mongols set up trade, which benefitted the conquered, but they also forced the conquered to pay tribute. These factors allowed the Mongols to grow the largest land empire of history that spanned all over Eurasia. The Mongols were in part able to conquer so fast and effectively because of the methods they used to expand. An Italian explorer from Venice, Marco Polo, wrote a report on the Mongols from his trips to China and the Far East during 1274 through 1290. From Marco’s exploration he learned about the extreme expertise of the Mongols and the innovations and ideas they used that revolutionized fighting. Polo learned that the Mongols became experts at shooting their bow from when they were young. (Document #3) Their bow, made from sinew and horn, was capable of shooting 100 yards father than the classic English longbow. When you take into account the Mongols extreme skill at shooting was combined with an innovation of the stirrup (saddle) you can see how the Mongols were able to conquer so efficiently. ...
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...and an unnamed American in a café in Lahore.. The Reluctant Fundamentalist uses a variety of narrative strategies that contribute to the novel’s atmospheric world. This essay is going to focus on the metaphorical and symbolic techniques used in the novel and analyze the connection between them. It will also elaborate how does the metaphor relate to the first-person narrative in the novel and how do these two methodologies work together to derive the deeper meaning of the author’s intension. After analyzing the use of metaphor in the book, we could see better the real meaning and power of metaphor used in literature. The book is riddled with allegory and metaphor. Take names as the most significant example in the novel. First of all, let’s talk about the name “Changez”. While several reviewers have assumed that “Changez” is too obvious a name for a character in this situation, Hamid has pointed out that it doesn’t signify “change” but is instead “the Urdu name for Genghis, as in Genghis Khan.” He elaborates: It’s the name of a warrior, and the novel plays with the notion of a parallel between war and international finance, which is Changez’ occupation. But at the same time, the name cautions against a particular reading of the novel. Genghis attacked the Arab Muslim civilization of his time, so Changez would be an odd choice of name for a Muslim fundamentalist (Singh Harleen...
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...Ottoman Empire after 1453. In some respects the Byzantine artistic tradition has continued in Greece, Russia and other Eastern Orthodox countries to the present day. The finest work, the most elegant, and the most accomplished technically, was, naturally enough, associated with the Byzantine capital, Constantinople, which was the very hub of the civilized world from the foundation of the city as capital around 330 till its conquest by the Turks in 1453. But there were other great centers too. In Rome, Milan, Ravenna, and elsewhere in the West works of the greatest importance that were in no way provincial were executed in the early years of Christendom, though little of quality was produced there that belongs to the period covered by this essay. In Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, and elsewhere in the East a great deal was also being done in early times and production continued there till Syria, Palestine, and Egypt were overrun by the Moslems just before the middle of the seventh century. Though little remains on the spot, quite a large...
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...THE KITE RUNNER by KHALED HOSSEINI Riverhead Books - New York The author makes liberal use of _italics_ and I have missed noting many of them, but the rest of this text file should demonstrate good proofing. Copyright © 2003 by Khaled Hosseini Riverhead trade paperback ISBN: 1-59488-000-1 This book is dedicated to Haris and Farah, both the _noor_ of my eyes, and to the children of Afghanistan. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am indebted to the following colleagues for their advice, assistance, or support: Dr. Alfred Lerner, Don Vakis, Robin Heck, Dr. Todd Dray, Dr. Robert Tull, and Dr. Sandy Chun. Thanks also to Lynette Parker of East San Jose Community Law Center for her advice about adoption procedures, and to Mr. Daoud Wahab for sharing his experiences in Afghanistan with me. I am grateful to my dear friend Tamim Ansary for his guidance and support and to the gang at the San Francisco Writers Workshop for their feed back and encouragement. I want to thank my father, my oldest friend and the inspiration for all that is noble in Baba; my mother who prayed for me and did nazr at every stage of this book’s writing; my aunt for buying me books when I was young. Thanks go out to Ali, Sandy, Daoud, Walid, Raya, Shalla, Zahra, Rob, and Kader for reading my stories. I want to thank Dr. and Mrs. Kayoumy--my other parents--for their warmth and unwavering support. I must thank my agent and friend, Elaine Koster, for her wisdom, patience, and gracious ways, as well as Cindy Spiegel, my keen-eyed and...
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...GENGHIS KHAN The name Genghis Khan often conjures the image of a relentless, bloodthirsty barbarian on horseback leading a ruthless band of nomadic warriors in the looting of the civilized world. But the surprising truth is that Genghis Khan was a visionary leader whose conquests joined backward Europe with the flourishing cultures of Asia to trigger a global awakening, an unprecedented explosion of technologies, trade, and ideas. Genghis Khan, who lived probably between 1162–1227, born Temüjin, was the founder, Khan (ruler) and Khagan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death. He was born in a Mongol tribe near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen Rivers in modern-day Mongolia, not far from the current capital Ulaanbaatar. The Secret History of the Mongols reports that Temüjin was born with a blood clot grasped in his fist, a traditional sign indicating that he was destined to become a great leader. He was the third-oldest son of his father Yesükhei, a minor tribal chief of the Kiyad and an ally of Ong Khan of the Kerait tribe and the oldest son of his mother Hoelun. He was called Temüjin because, in the Mongol culture, children were named after the leader of the last tribe to be defeated by the child’s father Childhood was short and difficult for the Mongols, and Temüjin learned how to ride horses when he was three, and hunt and fish before he turned six years old. The Mongols also had very...
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...Chinese 4402 04/16/2013 Prof. Patricia Sieber Extra Credit Jin and Yuan Literati Hagiographies of Daoist Quanzhen Masters By means of attending the extra credit lecture on April 12, 2013, the speaker Mark Halperin, Associate Professor of Chinese Literature, mainly talked about Jin and Yuan Literati Hagiographies of Daoist Quanzhen Masters. Since that, I have some basic ideas about the beginning of the Daoist as well as the development of the Daoist Quanzhen Masters. In particular, Quanzhe is the most important sect of the Daoist, and it was founded in the beginning of Jin Dynasty by Wang Zhe whose Daoist monastic name was Chongyang as well as who is one of prestigious Quanzhen masters. After Wang Chongyang accepted seven disciples, the Quanzhen was founded formally. These disciples were called Ma Yu, Tan Chuduan, Liu Chuxuan, Qiu Chuji, Wang Chuyi, Hao Datong, and Sun Buer. Qiu Chuji was the most prestigious and famous from seven disciples. He was the founder of the Dragon Gate sect of Taoism attracting the largest following in the streams of traditions flowing from the...
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...Luzbel 1 Nelson Luzbel Professor Chamberlain 2 pm class 29 November 2013 Drama Paper For my drama performance I chose to attend the AnDa Union musical at the Curtis M Phillips Center. The group consists of Mongolians who reflect their roots and tradition through their musical styles. The word Anda refers to a blood brother or sister, which for Mongolians holds more importance than a birth sibling since you choose the other person that is to become your “Anda”. The AnDa Union who perform the musical together are actually a brotherhood of Andas themselves. Throughout the show they played songs that tell a traditional story. The first song they performed was called Galloping Horses. The rhythm to this song is very fast paced and exciting, as for it is a resemblance of a group of horses galloping. I personally found this part of the performance to be very attention grabbing. This song is said to be the most well-known piece of music composed through the morin khuur. The morin khuur is a traditional Mongolian bowed stringed instrument, it is one of the most important music instruments to the Mongol people. Galloping Horses was written by the master Chi Bulag who created the musical piece after he had watched a fierce horse race. In the race, the winning horse staggered over the finish line, tumbled to the ground and died of exhaustion. Through the actual performance you can feel the suspense and imagine the race that Bulag based the musical piece on. Another song performed...
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...Massa I mongoli comprendevano l'importanza di concentrare il proprio potere offensivo nel tempo e nello spazio. Dimostravano grande abilità, ad esempio, concentrando il tiro delle frecce contro un unico bersaglio da più lati e individuando l'avversario contro il quale fare massa. E' soprattutto al di fuori del campo di battaglia che però i mongoli comprendevano l'importanza di concentrare le masse in modo coordinato: sistematicamente marciavano separati per combattere uniti, secoli prima di Napoleone. obiettivo Le loro armate, infatti, seguivano un preciso piano delle operazioni sincronizzando le azioni dei vari scaglioni in modo cronometrico, nonostante fossero lontani anche centinaia di chilometri. In questo complesso processo non perdevano mai di vista l'obiettivo delle operazioni, sempre costituito dalla parte principale dell'esercito nemico, contro la quale, poi, concentravano fulmineamente e imprevedibilmente le forze. Their army in fact followed a precise operational plan synchronizing with a perfect timing all the different divisions, although they were distant from each other hundreds of kilometers. In this complex process they never lost the objective of their operations, the main body of the enemy’s army towards which they eventually concentrated quickly and unpredictably their forces. Offensiva Le armate mongole perseguivano sempre con decisione l'obiettivo di acquisire l'iniziativa tattica e strategica, che raramente concedevano all'avversario. Questi era...
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...THE RELUCTANT FUNDAMENTALIST – MOHSIN HAMID 1. SETTING LAHORE: * Decline from a majestic, imperial capital * Poor, funded * Rich history: withstood invasions, occupations – implied strength * Represent a fallen empire OLD ANARKALI: * Important for the way it changes throughout the novel * Beginning of the evening: * busy, well lit, bustling with people, amicable * Changez and American newly established relationship: decidedly friendly * Night progresses: * Surroundings: more complex and dangerous * Relationship: more complex and fraught * Night advaces: * Deserted * Changez falling out of love with America, tension between Changez and the America increase, question integrity NEW YORK CITY: Change throughout the novel * Freedom, empowerment, pleasure * Boundless possibility for Changez * Before 9/11: empire, awe-inspiring * After 9/11: dangerously powerful and reactive ‘beast’ because of NOSTALGIA ATHENS: Rhodes: metaphorical wall * The seat of a fallen empire * Separate the East and West, Changez and Erica * Symbolize America’s future fall MANILA * In the East, but more like New York, making Changez resentful, angry and ashamed * Where Changez started to change, realizes that he is play-acting * Separate Changez from America to have a Third World’s view of the 9/11 attacks VALPARAISO * Sense of melancholy, fallen empire * Remind Changez of America’s interfering and...
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...first greeted by a huge atrium in which a monstrous size Benjamin Franklin sits on a large chair. One of the first things noticed by the children as well as myself was the intricate decorations not only in the large atrium but also on the outside of the building before even entering the museum. I was at first very intimated and one of the children in my group upon entering the museum realized his water in his bag had spilled everywhere creating a large puddle that was now spilling onto the floor of the museum. The Franklin Institute is filled with several amazing interactive displays including the giant heart, your brain, and changing earth to name a few of our favorites. I personally had my eyes set on the third floor which housed the Genghis Khan display with over 200 artifacts from the 1300 century Mongolian empire. It is difficult to choose just two pieces because it was a very large and inspiring collection, most of which was only being displayed for the first time. The first piece which really caught our attention was the huge twelve foot cross bow which was used to conquer walled cities. This type of innovation in...
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...The Mongolian empire was the largest empire in history. In the thirteenth century, Chinggis Khan melded the multiple Mongol tribes together, forming a powerful alliance. There are many factors that led to the expansion of the Mongolian territory. This paper will discuss the socio-economic and military organization of the Mongols and the factors that caused their acquisition of more land. Chinggis Khan experiences caused him to break up the existing Mongol tribes’ organization. Males that were old enough to fight were forced to join the new military. Instead of choosing political and high military officers based on family relations or their status in their tribes, Chinggis Khan appointed men “because of their talents or their loyalty to him”...
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...Genghis Khan and Alexander the Great rose to power in different ways, but they both built monstrous and strong empires, defeated great armies, and expanded trade routes. Though Genghis Khan ruled many years after Alexander the Great, many similarities can be found between the two leaders. Throughout their rises to the top, they both conquered many lands. Their empires covered territory greatly across both the North-Western and North-Eastern hemispheres. In order for them to have gained all their land, they had to outsmart the strongest forces, both Alexander and Khan were able to. During their reigns, they both extended upon the already created trade routes. Though Alexander and Khan are not commonly looked upon to be similar, there are more aspects alike with them than different....
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...concentrate more on governing the people of the land they helped govern. The Mongols had a massive army, so they had to find a way to organize the soldiers so their army could be efficient. Luckily, Genghis Khan had the perfect way to assemble the...
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...extremely efficient battle strategy the Mongols became a force to recon with putting fear into hearts with the mention of their name. Spreading all across Asia and Europe conquering empires one by one the Mongol grew into one of the larges civilizations know to be in that time. Though like all civilizations they eventually fall due to political infractions, corruptness and individuals who have different interest and objections. Very few Empires have risen and grown to such a magnitude as the Mongol Empire. Roaming the flat lands of Mongolia a tribe transformed themselves by conquering the neighboring nomads forcing them to pay tributes once dominated. Genghis took the reins and morphed his Empire into one of the greatest that ever existed. Creating Military infrastructure and integrating every one of his people into the army Genghis was able to create an unstoppable military force. Dividing his population into units led to better structure and organization as a whole, which went against past ideas of how a military should be configured. With the most...
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