...The Mongolian empire was the largest empire in history. In the thirteenth century, Chinggis Khan melded the multiple Mongol tribes together, forming a powerful alliance. There are many factors that led to the expansion of the Mongolian territory. This paper will discuss the socio-economic and military organization of the Mongols and the factors that caused their acquisition of more land. Chinggis Khan experiences caused him to break up the existing Mongol tribes’ organization. Males that were old enough to fight were forced to join the new military. Instead of choosing political and high military officers based on family relations or their status in their tribes, Chinggis Khan appointed men “because of their talents or their loyalty to him”...
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...In the mid-13th century, the prominent Mongol Empire emerged in Mongolia and rapidly gained power from their constant expansion. Soon to become the largest land empire ever to exist, their focus was on conquering more territory while ensuring constant trade with outside empires for a steady supply of resources. Once they occupied the majority of Central Asia, the Mongols had complete authority over the highly-influential Silk Road trade routes. This was the first time in centuries that the Silk Roads were united, making them a safe and popular destination of trade for empires all over Afro-Eurasia. The trade that occurred along the Silk Roads was beneficial to all the participating empires; it gave them bountiful supplies and new ideas that...
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...Genghis Khan Research Paper Genghis Khan…Temujin…Chinggis Khan…Conqueror of the world. These are just some of the names given to the emperor who showed both terror and tolerance to his enemies. Not just conquering land, but creating things that have never been heard off such as a lLegal code make Genghis so unique. This fearless Mongol leader made a huge impact during his reign making his empire so unique for his time. To begin with, Genghis Khan was a very innovative leader, he created many things, for example a Llegal code. “Chinggis…left behind a legal code, the so-called Jasagh, which consisted of a series of general moral injunctions and laws” (“Chinggis Khan’s Four Great Legacies”). This was used during his reign as a...
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...In this research paper you will learn about Ivan III and how he improved Moscow and more or less all the struggles he had and the choices he had to make and about his main battles. Ivan Vasilievich, later known as Ivan the Great, was born on January 22 1440 in Moscow, Russia. Ivan family consisted of two brothers and his parents were Maria Yaroslavna and his father was Grand Prince Vasili II. Ivan father was conceived as a ruthless and cold person. When Grand Prince Vasili dies, he would break up his kingdom in three, for his sons. As a result Ivan came to power during the time of the Great Civil War. Ivan took the throne at 22 years of age. Long time after his two brothers passed, without heirs. So Ivan inherited all of his father’s land....
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...from all countries across Europe, and even other continents, to trade their rare goods. This economy that Venice had gave Marco the ability to trade in East Asia, and fueled Marco into exploring much of Asia. When Marco returned from Asia back to Europe, he revealed many interesting things about Asian culture and economy, that was unlike anyone had ever seen. There were other Europeans that had traveled as far as Marco in Asia, but none of them studied and learned about the Asian culture as much as Marco did. Marco saw things that he had never imagined, and was in awe as to how much more advanced the East was from Europe. For example, Marco saw paper money for the first time in the Mongol Empire, and brought the idea back to Europe, and it was put into effect. This discovery, of many, influenced the European society to further develop research in their politics, economy, and trade...
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...Tukharsitan to the Arabs and Balkh became the headquarters of the Arab forces. The Abbasid revolution later happened which changed the direction of the Islamic expansion. The Central Asian states allied with Arabs to attack the Tang force, while having a large cultural impact. Then the Barmakids also converted to Islam. According to Liu, “Central Asia gradually became a truly Islamic region, with Transoxiana serving as Islam’s eastern center. Nevertheless, this religious transformation did not mean that its peoples had abandoned all of their pre-Islamic customs.” The Mongols were interested in taking advantage of the trading skills of Central Asian Muslims. The Mongols living in Chagatai Khanate, soon converted to Islam. Tiu believes that the Mongols were in large part responsible for the relocation of the easternmost centers of Islamic culture from Samarkand and Bukhara to the sultanates of India. It wasn’t long until the Mongols followed old trade routes and invaded westerns parts of India as well. In conclusion, Central Asian people have survived numerous calamities and thrived in a constant changing environment, as demonstrated in the transitional phase from a Buddhist religious domain to Islamic countries, there is a reason to expect that they will continue to do so. Tiu wrote to examine Islmaization, specifically the religious and social life of Central Asian people, before and after. As many authors who write historical articles for this time period, Liu used primary sources...
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...HUMN432 Week 6 Assignment: Final Draft of the Paper Technology: The Invention of Gunpowder Professor: Adam Ravalovich August 12, 2011 Title: The Invention of Gunpowder A. Introduction: The invention of gunpowder was one of China’s four greatest inventions that made a significant contribution to Chinese culture. Gunpowder in Chinese is called “huo yau”, meaning flaming medicine. The use of gunpowder gave the Chinese a greater ability to protect them from enemies and to conquer and control others. Although fireworks today are used as entertainment, the Chinese used it to scare-off enemies in the time of war. Chinese firearms, fireworks and gunpowder were also popular items of trade along the Silk Road to Europe. As we can imagine this invention had a profound effect on human history and although gunpowder was invented by the Chinese, it gave rise to the powerful western world while it inevitably left China and the Eastern World behind. B. Description of the Chinese Culture (Brandy Miller) 1. Chinese Society: Understanding a people's culture exposes their normalness without reducing their individuality. There are many different realms of Chinese society. China is well known for its centuries of traditional values, customs and beliefs. These beliefs are deeply linked with the language, religions and collective values which have always been the center of traditional festivals, customs and everyday life of man as a collective in harmony with nature...
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...Contributions Thomas R. Felix Strayer University Humanities 111 Professor Aprile Castagna March 05, 2013 ANCIENT CHINESE CONTRIBUTIONS 2 The Ancient Chinese culture was a very successful culture that created many inventions and contributed to the advancement of not only the Chinese civilization but also to the civilization of the world. According to Henry Sayre, the Qin Dynasty, which was said to exist from 221BCE until 206 BCE, was the first empire in China to rise to dominance; however, the Han Dynasty was given credit for the most Ancient Chinese contributions and inventions (Sayre, 2012). The Han Dynasty existed from 206 BCE until 220 CE, and during the Han Dynasty contributions and inventions by the Ancient Chinese included: the wheelbarrow, seismograph, paper, compass, map, glazed pottery, hot air balloons, and silk. While the Ancient Chinese made many contributions and inventions for the world, the four most useful are the wheelbarrow, the seismograph, paper, and the map. Today the wheelbarrow is commonly used for farming, gardening, and construction work such as moving dirt, bricks, mulch. It is suitable for many jobs because it allows the weight of the contents to be evenly distributed between the wheel and the operator. For many of the same purposes as we use the wheelbarrow today, the Ancient Chinese invented the wheelbarrow. It served the purpose of transporting things from one place to another that could not easily be one with...
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...Introduction Ever since I was born on April 15, 1980, I have been raised in a Greek environment, and being Greek-American has played a significant role in my life. In addition, I happen to have a friend named Mehmet, who is from Turkey. But I never knew any information about Turkey until I found this country on a world map. That’s when I learned the following facts: Turkey is located in both Europe and Asia, and it shares a border with Greece. So when I started taking the course Geography of the Middle East at Old Dominion University, I decided to select Turkey for my research paper. Perry Library and Larchmont Library were excellent places for literary materials. I also consulted Internet sources and my class textbook as additional resources. Turkistan, a region in central Asia, is a Persian term which means “Turks’ land” or “land of the Turks”. The Young Ottoman Turks considered this name for their country before they decided on “Turkiye, an adaptation of the European name” Turkey (Lewis 333). Although “[t]he name Turkey has been given to…Anatolia…since its first conquest by the Turks in the eleventh century,” the Turks officially referred to their country as Turkey when it won its independence in 1923. (Lewis 1). Turkey’s relative geographical position distinguished it from most of the other countries of the world. It is situated on two continents: (southeastern) Europe and (southwestern) Asia. European Turkey, or Eastern Thrace, constitutes only...
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...themselves cannot explain why. Between the era of the 1450’s and the 1750’s, history establishes a devastating way of making the lives of certain individuals easier while making lives of others back breaking, cruel, and unethical. Though slavery may have occurred in some small areas of the world, it became popular after the benefits of owning a slave were established. With the dominating countries of Portugal and Spain, historians began to identify their excellence in economy, wealth, and prosperity throughout this era. With their vast migration of slaves from one part of the world to another, the beginning of a new culture was created. Under their free-will, Africans were widely spread out through the western hemisphere of the world. With the Mongols in power, peasants in Russia were considered as free farmers that had legal positions that were high than serfs in the Medieval era. But, it all changed once the peasants soon gained debt after the fall of the Tatar, thus leaving them no choice but to accept a submissive status under the lords ruling. The beginning of the serfdom class was than created as a way to formally help the peasants with their large debt to the government. An individual can find themself comparing and contrasting the different forms of slavery throughout the world due to the many forms of slavery that were being continued during this time of history. Russia in itself also had a different form of slavery which became known as Serfs; Russian Serfdom. Although Russian...
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...AS LEVEL Specification HISTORY A H105 For first assessment in 2016 ocr.org.uk/alevelhistorya We will inform centres about any changes to the specification. We will also publish changes on our website. The latest version of our specification will always be the one on our website (ocr.org.uk) and this may differ from printed versions. Copyright © 2014 OCR. All rights reserved. Copyright OCR retains the copyright on all its publications, including the specifications. However, registered centres for OCR are permitted to copy material from this specification booklet for their own internal use. Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations is a Company Limited by Guarantee. Registered in England. Registered company number 3484466. Registered office: Hills Road 1 Cambridge CB1 2EU. OCR is an exempt charity. Contents Introducing… AS Level History A (from September 2015) Teaching and learning resources iv Why choose an OCR AS Level in History A? 1 1a. Why choose an OCR qualification? 1 1b. Why choose an OCR AS Level in History A? 2 1c. What are the key features of this specification? 3 1d. 2 iii Professional Development 1 ii How do I find out more information? 3 4 2a. Overview of AS Level in History A (H105) 4 2b. Content of AS Level in History A (H105) 5 2c. Content of unit group 1: British period study and enquiry (Units Y131 to Y143) 8 2c. ...
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...PART 1: INTRODUCTION The Korean peninsula is located at the eastern end of Asia, between China, Siberia (now part of the Russian Federation), and the islands of Japan. Because of the complex, shifting, and historic relations between these areas, as well as relations with other places such at the United Sates in more recent times, the history of Korea has been told in many ways and is still the subject of hot debate both inside and outside the Koreas. North and South Korea have different versions of the peninsula’s history, both of which differ in detail and perspective from histories written in China, Japan, Russia, and the USA. The following sections, which attempt to outline the history in a balanced way, are based on a variety of materials, including lectures attended in a special workshop on Korean culture at Korea University in the summer of 1997. Map of Korea The overall pattern of development in the history of the Korean peninsula is a process that begins with an unknown number of early tribal groups that populate the peninsula in prehistoric times, wandering out of Siberia and areas to the west. Over time, some of these groups form more complex societies that eventually result in early kingdoms that grow up on the peninsula; in some cases extending westwards into what is now Chinese territory. As time and events unfolded, these kingdoms were unified, though the borders and degree of unity have continued to change over time—down to today. Besides the obvious split between...
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...IN REFERENCE TO LEWIS COSER'S MASTERS OF SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT: IDEAS IN HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL CONTEXT, SOCIOLOGY In reference to Lewis Coser's Masters of Sociological Thought: Ideas in Historical and Social Context Sociology All throughout the history of humankind, people have moved in and out of places. According to an article, a group of people migrates because of a more favorable place or region or because of some adverse condition or combination of conditions in the home environment (Migration, 2006). The same article asserts that humans have migrated since they evolved in East Africa 6 to 2 million years ago and that their original differentiation into ethnic groups appears to have been the result of separate groups of people who migrated from central points of origin. Even in the Stone Age, however, this isolation was not complete, for migrations resulted in a complicated pattern of blood relationships through widely separated groups (Migration). The migration of people has led to accelerated mixing of stocks and mutual infusion of cultural and physical characteristics, including tools, habits, ideas, and forms of social organization, which have been prerequisites for the development of modern civilization (which would have taken place much more slowly if people did not move from place to place) (Migration). An example would be the use of horse which was introduced into the Middle East by Asian invaders, later spreading to Europe and the Americans (Migration)...
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...modern medicine and the fashion industry. She thinks it is racist that only white people are on American money, even though this country came in to being via European conquest and colonization. She lives in the United States, is part of that culture, and belittles it. Franchesca Ramsey does not seem to make any strides to conduct any real research. Seeming to only view people for the color their skin and sees those people through a collectivist approach of generalizations. In her video called 13 Things White People Take For Granted, the opening statement is by an Asiatic man. “It is a white, white, white, world and we get to live in it” (Decoded, 2015). This sentence could be taken one of two ways. Either...
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...www.GetPedia.com History of China: Table of Contents q q Historical Setting The Ancient Dynasties r r r Dawn of History Zhou Period Hundred Schools of Thought q The Imperial Era r r r r r r First Imperial Period Era of Disunity Restoration of Empire Mongolian Interlude Chinese Regain Power Rise of the Manchus q Emergence Of Modern China r r r r r r Western Powers Arrive First Modern Period Opium War, 1839-42 Era of Disunity Taiping Rebellion, 1851-64 Self-Strengthening Movement Hundred Days' Reform and Aftermath Republican Revolution of 1911 q Republican China r r r Nationalism and Communism s Opposing the Warlords s Consolidation under the Guomindang s Rise of the Communists Anti-Japanese War Return to Civil War q People's Republic Of China r r Transition to Socialism, 1953-57 Great Leap Forward, 1958-60 r r r r r Readjustment and Recovery, 1961-65 Cultural Revolution Decade, 1966-76 s Militant Phase, 1966-68 s Ninth National Party Congress to the Demise of Lin Biao, 1969-71 s End of the Era of Mao Zedong, 1972-76 Post-Mao Period, 1976-78 China and the Four Modernizations, 1979-82 Reforms, 1980-88 q References for History of China [ History of China ] [ Timeline ] Historical Setting The History Of China, as documented in ancient writings, dates back some 3,300 years. Modern archaeological studies provide evidence of still more ancient origins in a culture that flourished between 2500 and 2000 B.C....
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