...outline The global pattern: millionaire cities, mega cities and world cities. Economic development and change related to urbanisation. Contemporary urbanisation processes Urbanisation: characteristics, causes and effects. Suburbanisation: characteristics, causes and effects. Counter-urbanisation: characteristics, causes and effects. Re-urbanisation: characteristics, causes and effects. Planning and management issues. Contrasting case studies within countries at different levels of economic development to demonstrate the above. Urban decline and regeneration within urban areas Characteristics and causes of urban decline. Urban regeneration: gentrification, property-led regeneration schemes, partnership schemes between local and national governments and the private sector. Retailing and other services The decentralisation of retailing and other services – causes and impacts. One case study of an out-of-town centre retailing area. The redevelopment of urban centres – impacts and responses, including one case study of an urban centre that has undergone redevelopment. Contemporary sustainability issues in urban areas Waste management: recycling and its alternatives. Transport and its management: the development of integrated, efficient and sustainable systems. |Topic: World Cities - Economic development and change related to |Unit 3 –World Cities– Contemporary geographical issues | |urbanisation ...
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...Journal Entry #7 After self-reading through the lecture notes I was stunned with the importance this era was for the invention of Canada. I think the most important event that happened during this era was The Constitutional Act. As we all know, The American Revolution was also an important time of history for both the history of America and Canada. The Constitutional Act reorganized the government and created what was called Upper Canada and Lower Canada. 1 Upper Canada accommodated the English speaking and Lower Canada accommodated the French. In terms of geographical location what I found interesting was that Upper Canada (English) is what is now Southern Ontario and Lower Canada is now what is Southern Quebec. I found this interesting because 225 years later and those locations both serve similar traits. What was Upper Canada is statistically more English speaking and what was Lower Canada is statistically more French speaking. Secondly, I found Part II of the lecture notes about petitioning to be interesting. I have never participated in a petition before and I don’t know the level of degree they help to resolve issues but as the lecture notes state from the 18th century; petitions were increasingly part and parcel of the development of democracy. 2 Between 1763-1840 petitions served as a major development of Canada. After reading the lectures notes I believe a majority of the petitions involved English and French speaking and the debate of boundaries of land for Lower...
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...|criteria examples |strengths |weaknesses |criteria examples | | | | | | |Advantages of proposition? | | |Disadvantages of proposition? | |Capabilities? | | |Gaps in capabilities? | |Competitive advantages? | | |Lack of competitive strength? | |USP's (unique selling points)? | | |Reputation, presence and reach? | |Resources, Assets, People? | ...
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...Website Development Template Student Name WEB/240 Week #X Date Website Development Template Provide a brief high level summary of the information about the website that is covered in the following items. Do this by covering the specific items in a single full paragraph. Topic Have a paragraph or two here going over the topic of your website. Note the scope of what it will cover. Briefly note anything it will leave out, especially if that would seem to be a key part of what it is covering. Purpose Discuss the purpose of the site. Note why it is needed in general and specifically note why the users you are targeting have a need for such a site. This can include what would drive them to the site. Audience Discuss the audience of the website here. Note who would fit in that audience, their geographical location, how many people are in the target group, their average age, how familiar they are with computers and the Internet and other relevant facts. Make sure you discuss the most compelling thing you want the target audience to think, learn or do as a result of visiting the site. Site Map [pic] Fill out the site map above with Word drawing tools in Week 3 and onward. Provide a description of the sitemap in this paragraph. Describe why the connections are where they are. Purpose of Site Form Describe the purpose of the site form and what will be validated when the user submits it. ...
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...MARKETING PLAN Speedy Hire Plc Executive Summary: After becoming the premier hiring company in tools and equipment in UK Speedy Hire Plc is looking to diversify its business for the growth and future presence in the competitive business environment. This report is about to research the global marketplace for the business sector and develop a revised strategic and tactical marketing plan. I define our marketing goal as “the diversification of the business” by entering into the market as a construction contractor in both target markets 1 and 2 i.e. House building and Infrastructure. The marketing objective focuses on the efficient service and quality by keeping the market’s demand into consideration. To fulfil our objectives company will follow different strategic approaches like cost-leadership, mixed strategy depending upon the target market demand and strengths of the company. The reason for selecting House building and Infrastructure construction as the target market is the past and forecasted growth and the growing demand in these sectors in coming years which provides ample opportunity to do business and gain profit and market share. Situational Analysis: Company profile: Speedy Hire PLC (www.speedyhire.plc.uk and www.speedyhire.co.uk) is the UK’s number one provider of tools and equipment for hire. The company operates from more than 350 depots in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Speedy was traditionally focused on tool hire, but now also has complementary...
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...making Contents Introduction 1 Part one Overall transportation program development. 2 Network-Level Planning 2 Project development 2 Programming 3 Budgeting 3 Financial Planning 3 Part two. Process of transportation project development (PDP) 3 PDP Steps 3 Impact of transportation system stimuli 7 Impact categories and types 8 Dimensions of the evaluation 9 Geographical scope of impacts 10 Other Ways of categorizing transportation system impact 11 Role of evaluation in PDP and Basic Elements of evaluation 11 Role of evaluation in PDP 11 Reasons for evaluation 11 Measures of a project’s worth 12 Procedure for transportation system evaluation 13 Conclusion 15 Introductory concepts in transportation Decision Making Creniaut Emilien -陳玉偉 – 0245037 – NCTU Report Introduction The transportation system is nowadays the largest public sector for any countries. The economic growth and the productivity are linked with the efficiency of the transportation network. All of the capitalist is, now, based on the accessibility of goods and facilities. Constantly we need to improve our transportation network. So transportation agencies have to make lot of assumption in order to improve our network. But it will involve our environment a lot, that’s why decision making is essential in transportation Part one Overall transportation program development. Network-Level Planning This planning demand an evaluation of travel demand...
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...The Role of Concept Paper in Project Management 1.0 Introduction A concept note is a summary of a proposal containing a brief description of the idea of the project and the objectives to be pursued. In some financing programs, funding agencies require a concept note before the submission of a full proposal, in order to decide whether the proposed project is in line with the priorities of the program and to eliminate proposals that are not likely to be funded. Concept notes are also submitted to donors without a formal call for proposals, who prefer to understand a project through a brief summary rather than a full-fledged proposal document. This factsheet contains a set of guidelines on how to write a concept note, offering also a template to help you drafting an eye catching document to ensure the success of your project. Many private foundations have always required a concept paper be submitted for review prior to the submission of a full proposal. In recent years government and state agencies have begun to encourage the use of concept papers as a way for applicants to obtain informal feedback on their ideas and projects prior to preparing a proposal. Some of these agencies now require a concept paper be submitted as part of the formal submission process. The purpose of a concept paper, from the funding agency’s point of view, is to help applicants develop more competitive proposals and to save time by eliminating proposals that are not likely to be funded. The applicant’s...
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...when one event influences a chain of one or more events to occur. This is similar to the impact regional geography made on the development of a civilization. In other words, regional geography created a domino effect of the development of various civilizations. For example, the development of the Mesopotamian Civilization was majorly impact by the regional geography. It is important to note that Mesopotamia is known as the birthplace of civilization. Historians believe that between 4,000 B.C.E. and 3,000...
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...In 1977, UCLA professor and biologist, Jared Diamond, published Guns, Germs, and Steel, sparking debate among anthropologists and other academics. Winner of the 1998 Pulitzer Prize and New York Times bestseller, Guns, Germs, and Steel is arguably one of the most controversial novels of its genre, for Diamond’s futile attempt to explain why human development proceeded at such different rates on different continents has resulted in critical responses among scientists. In his novel, Diamond explains that civilization is exclusively the consequence of climatic and environmental imperatives, contending that the polities allowing for expansion and technological advances in human society are attributed to geography, food production, the domestication...
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...Geographical Pressures To Deviate From Franchise Formats: Some Evidence From The UK JULIET COX* and COLIN MASON** Abstract. There is a tension in business format franchising between, on the one hand, standardisation and uniformity and, on the other hand, geographical variations in market conditions and resource availability. Previous research has demonstrated in the case of independent small firms that local geographical conditions influence business strategy. This paper examines whether variations in the local geographical environment, notably in terms of demand and supply side conditions, affect format implementation and whether franchisors permit franchisees to make local adaptations of the format in response to local environmental conditions. The study is based on interviews with 40 UK-based franchisors, all of whom were at the later stages of roll-out or in the consolidation stage of network development. Local variations in the business environment do create a conflict with the need to maintain the uniformity of the franchise format. Adaptation was restricted to peripheral format components. No changes were made to the core format components. Most franchisors recognise that their franchisees are an important source of new innovation. However, implementation of franchisee ideas across the system is found in only a minority of cases. Key words: franchising, geography, adaptation, standardisation Please direct correspondence about this paper to Colin...
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...include theoretical perspectives to support your work, and these should be applied to your organisation. You will need to conduct a detailed research assessment of the chosen organisation with respect to its international activities in order to understand the international decisions and strategies specific to that organisation. Some International examples of organisations are provided below. Note that the choice of a specific organisation should be discussed with your lecturer/subject supervisor. The project will outline all of the firm's international activities but should focus upon a single key geographical market or region. For example, you could look at: Coca-Cola, development of the market in Africa. Danone, the French food and drinks firm, and its activities in China. L'Oreal, the French cosmetics company and its entry to Thailand. McDonalds, and its entry to the Indian market. Nokia, and its activities in China. Siemens, the German electrical engineering and electronics company, and their operations in Brazil. United Parcel Services of USA and its entry to the Chinese market. Please note that these are only indicative examples and you can select any company/organisation that you feel is appropriate. Submission deadline: The completed...
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...Introduction This chapter covers one major components of learning objectives/outcomes that are likely to examine via coursework or examination. This chapter will enable students to build their knowledge on global human resource issues faced by international business, such as the staffing, recruitment and selection, performance appraisal and training and development along with compensations policies. This chapter will cover the following topics: Human resource management function International human resource management (IHRM) International HRM approaches IHRM policies and practices Work practice in an international context 8.2. Human resource management function HRM can be described as a strategic, integrated and coherent approach to the employment, development and well-being of the people working in organizations. Te practice of Human Resource Management (HRM) is concerned with all aspects of how people are employed and managed in organizations. It covers activities such as: resourcing (human resource planning, recruitment and selection, and talent management); performance management; learning and development; reward management employee relations; employee well-being. Human resource management is important for various reasons. One of the most important reasons is that human resource management practices are associated with employee performance in the organization. Many research findings indicated that effective human resource management enables organization...
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...Aims and Objectives……………………… 10 3. Standardized Format for 4-years BS degree programme ………………………. 12 4. Scheme of Studies for BS …………………. 14 5. Details of Courses for BS …………………. 16 6. Elective Group Papers ……………………. 45 7. Scheme of Studies for MS Programme …. 48 8. Details of Courses for MS …………………. 50 9. Optional Courses Model……………………. 56 10. Recommendations …………………………. 61 11. Annexures A,B,C,D & E …………………… 63 PREFACE Curriculum of a subject is said to be the throbbing pulse of a nation. By looking at the curriculum one can judge the state of intellectual development and the state of progress of the nation. The world has turned into a global village; new ideas and information are pouring in like a stream. It is, therefore, imperative to update our curricula regularly by introducing the recent developments in the relevant fields of knowledge. In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Federal Supervision of Curricula Textbooks and Maintenance of Standards of Education Act 1976, the Federal Government vide notification No. D773/76-JEA (cur.), dated December 4th 1976, appointed the University Grants Commission as the competent authority to look after the curriculum revision work beyond class XII at the bachelor...
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...Many economists have previously provided their own interpretation about the relationship between economic structure and levels of prosperity. One example was W.W Rostow, who proposed the model of stage development. While this model has become a commonly held view of economic development, it does not always hold true for underdeveloped nations. When taking into account the recent economic development of a country in the Global South, such as Colombia, it becomes clear that Rostow’s theory is linear, geographical, and pro-capitalist model. The first flawed aspect of the model is the fact that it is linear – it assumes that “all regions go through the same stages in a particular order towards high mass consumption” (Knox et al, 313). In contrast to these assumptions, the economic development of Colombia has been anything but linear, given its position as an underdeveloped nation. Rostow’s theory suggests that “in order for a country to move from a traditional society to a society that is ‘taking off’, it must first establish the preconditions for takeoff” (Knox et al, 314). At this stage, a country should “begin to heavily invest in developing a manufacturing sector” (Knox et al, 314) as it moves away from an agricultural based economy. While this may prove to be true for countries such as the United States and Canada, the same cannot be said for Colombia. In fact, it can be argued that Colombia simply skipped this second stage of Rostow’s model. Columbia is an economy that “currently...
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...Environmental Determinism – A Concept Note Environmental determinism was described by Semple (1911, p.620) as ‘the influence of climate upon race temperament’. It formed a notion that sparked debate in the 19th and 20th century, as to whether human society and activities are controlled by the physical environment in which they take place (Goodwin et al 2005). Scientific thinkers of the 19th century, Larmarck and Darwin looked at the environmental impacts on organisms’ biology and their subsequent behavior. In Lamarck's (1914 ed.) theory, he outlines how an organisms’ shape and organisation is caused by environmentally induced habits – ‘the giraffe actively stretched its neck reaching for the upper leaves of trees in semiarid regions’ (Peet, 1985, p.312). Fredrich Ratzel, although still “convinced of the importance of the idea of evolution” (Wanklyn, 1961, p.19), saw development of societies as dependent on what the land provides. To some extent there are modern day examples of where this is true, the UAE is a country located on land containing vast amounts of valuable oil, in 2009 it exported 2.395 million bbl/day (CIA World Factbook, 2012) – one the highest amounts of any country. Subsequently its GNP per capita in 2009 hit $48,900 (CIA World Factbook, 2012). It could be argued therefore, a society’s development is determined by the quality of the land that it resides on. Debatably there is more to environmental determinism then this. Ellen Semple (1911) looked...
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