Premium Essay

George Betrays In Braves

Submitted By
Words 900
Pages 4
Prisoner’s dilemma is as standard example of game theory that shows that two rational indicidual might not cooperate even if cooperation will fit their best interest. (wiki)

Let me explain the prisoner’s dilemma first.
In prisoner’s dilemma, each individual act rationally. That means each individual should do anything that benefit her/him. Let’s imagine Jack and Rose has committed a crime and are arrested. During the interrogating, they are separated in two interrogate room, the game is shown below.
- - Rose stays silent ( cooperates) - Rose betrays (defects)
- Jack stays silent (cooperates) - Each serves 1 year - Jack: 3 years
- Rose: goes free
- Jack betrays (defects) - Jack: goes free
- Rose: 3 years - Each serves 2 years
In this dilemma, …show more content…
And that is not always apparent between strangers (selternman). The rational things to do is betray because no matter what the other dose, each prisoner is better off by betraying ( lawand bioethics). If each of them choose betray the other, it guarantees that they don’t get the maximum jail time. However, if Rose stays silent, Jack should betray, because obviously going free is better than I year jail time. But if Rose betray, Jack should also betray, otherwise Jack will face 3 years jail time. It seems like rational action produces a worse result for both individual than irrational …show more content…
They found 88 undergraduate students at Stony Brook University to participate in this experiment. Participants are randomly assigned to one of the two group, partner-reward group and no-partner-reward group, then they were taken to separate room. The experiment was administered on personal computers. A variation of the payoff matrix of prisoner’s dilemma were shown to the participant in random order. Participants were not told that in advance that there would be a 40-trial with a different payoff matrix. All participants were told that they would be connected online to another participants (Player 2/ opponents) who would make predetermined choice. For each participants, opponents’ choice were determined by shuffling together 20 decision to cooperate and 20 decision to defect. All participants were told partner-rewarded group would be paid 2$ for every point they earn, but opponents of partner-rewarded group would also be paid the same rate. The opponents of no-partner-rewarded group would not receive point and would not be paid. Obviously, only the participants in the partner group can affect their opponent’s

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Brave Heart and King Speech Movie Comparission

...Brave Heart and Kings Speech, might be centuries apart but for me are the most historic and state mental movies ever produced. The characters have all done justice to their roles; the storyline is a tremendous piece of art that cannot be replaced by any other movie. Both have their own stands and relate to situations in different times and conditions. The two have many common grounds and share themes that are portrayed in different scenes through different perspectives. The movies mostly revolve around the idea of standing up for oneself and not giving up, whoever the enemy might be. Patriotism is portrayed in Brave Heart when Mel Gibson's character William Wallas refers to the cavilary as "sons of Scotland." They agree to fight against an army almost double in size, armor and men. This battle is won. In Kings Speech the King, is coping with a stammer to deliver a speech which is his first wartime radio broadcast on Britain's declaration of war on Germany. The struggle required to overcome the fear of stammering and of rejection is calmed down by the support of his friends and family. In Brave Heart love is a key theme, the movie beautifully portrays that intense love can make you go lengths you never wanted to go, change decisions like William decides to fight and rebel once his love, wife is killed for abstaining the soldiers from raping her. He starts a revolt against the most powerful men and dies trying. Love, an emotion that can help you through any stage of life...

Words: 1038 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Essay

...Party uses propaganda as the deadliest weapon of control. Propaganda increases citizens’ morale and makes them think that what the party tells them to do is always right. There are mainly two types of propaganda, one changes truth, so-called doublethink, and another creates fear. “Doublespeak” can be seen frequently in the world of 1984. The party’s big slogan “WAR IS PEACE. FREEDOM IS SLAVERY. IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH.” (George Orwell, 4) is a good example. The idea of the slogan is to convince the citizens that what they want is what they already have. Only war can make peace and harmony, so peace is no longer peace, it becomes war; anyone who is slaved and wants freedom, he already has freedom; you can only strengthen yourself by not knowing things and being ignorant. The slogan changes truth and make the citizens believe that anything they want other than what their government wants can only make them unhappy, therefore, no one will consider rebellion because they believe the Party’s way of governing is the best and only way. “BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU” (George Orwell, 3) is another core slogan. It is nearly everywhere in the country and usually presented beneath the picture of Big Brother on a poster. It creates fear of obliterated privacy among citizens by alerting them that they are watched all the time. At the same time, the slogan also emphasizes Big Brother’s power to tell the citizens that they are indeed safe and protected. The party uses this to make them believe that...

Words: 824 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

1984

...“No one is free, even the birds are chained to the sky.” Bob Dylan said this probably not knowing its profound connection with George Orwell’s novel “1984”, but the as well could be in “1984”. Orwell depicts a totalitarian dystopian world where there is no freedom and citizens are being brainwashed constantly. Without any sense of individual fairness, people work for the party just like the gear wheels in a machine. In order to achieve this, the politicians in “1984” suppress people’s thinking and eliminate their freedom by creating fear through propaganda, strict laws and incessant surveillances.   In “1984”, lies, myths and false information controls the thinking of the citizens. The Party uses propaganda as the deadliest weapon of control. Propaganda increases the citizens’ morale and makes them think that what the party tells them to do is always right. There are mainly two types of propaganda, one changes truth, so-called doublethink, and another creates fear. “Doublespeak” can be seen frequently in the world of 1984. The party’s big slogan “WAR IS PEACE. FREEDOM IS SLAVERY. IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH.” (George Orwell, 4) is an good example. The idea of the slogan is to convince the citizens that what they want, is what they already have. Only war can make peace and harmony, so peace is no longer peace, it becomes war; anyone who is slaved and wants freedom, he already has freedom; you can only strengthen yourself by not knowing things and being ignorant. The slogan changes...

Words: 922 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Aristotle’s Model: the Play as a Whole

...Aristotle’s Model: The Play as a Whole In Aristotle’s Poetics, Aristotle emphasizes three major elements of a good play: plot, character, and thought. To be more specific, in an Aristotelian play, thought sets the cause of action with character as emotion developer based on plot as the basic form. Besides these three main factors, the idea that a play should be a complete whole is also the basis of the Poetics (Aristotle 61). Therefore, when comparing the choices Lobby Hero by Kenneth Lonergan and The Philadelphia Story by Philip Barry for the play of the season, unification and regularity of all three elements. After comparing and contrasting both plays, Lobby Hero fits the Aristotle’s model’s three elements, plot, character and thought better than The Philadelphia Story does because Lobby Hero has a more consistent development of action, characters’ personality and emotions. The imitation of one action is very essential to construct a complete plot. Lobby Hero constructs a smooth unity of action in all of its plots while The Philadelphia Story’s imitation is vague. Although both plays have connected actions that make the structural union of all parts, Lobby Hero has a more surrounded action which is the pursuit of right things. Jeff repeatedly shows his ambition of lending help. For example, he praises William’s kindness when William is baffled by his brother’s incident; he also emphasizes his importance as a “safety specialist” to make himself sound superior. These series...

Words: 1454 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

George Orwell - 1984

...Nineteen Eighty-Four (or 1984) is an English dystopian novel by George Orwell, written in 1948 and published in 1949. It is the story of the life of the intellectual Winston Smith, his job in the Ministry of Truth, and his degradation by the totalitarian government of Oceania, the country in which he lives. It has been translated into sixty-two languages, and has deeply impressed itself in the English language. Nineteen Eighty-Four, its terms and language, and its author are bywords in discussions of personal privacy and state security. The adjective "Orwellian" describes actions and organizations characteristic of Oceania, the totalitarian society depicted in the novel, and the phrase "Big Brother is watching you" refers to invasive surveillance. In turn, Nineteen Eighty-Four has been seen as subversive and politically dangerous and thus been banned by libraries in many countries.[1] Along with Brave New World, by Aldous Huxley, and Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, it is among the most famous dystopias in literature.[2] In 2005, Time magazine selected it as one of the 100 best English-language novels since 1923. Probably the most important thing to remember while reading 1984 is that Orwell never intended the book to be a prediction of the future. It was more or less a satire of political fiction, however, I believe Orwell was on the right track concerning future possibilities of a New World Order, or total government control. An interesting quotation from the book is from...

Words: 951 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Loyalty and Rebellion in 1984

...Loyalty and Rebellion in 1984 Loyalty and Rebellion are the root of nearly every civil war ever fought. The two opposites rival each other as one side remains loyal to the governing power, and the other side rebels against the loyalist ways until all out war is fought. George Orwell's incredible novel, 1984, exemplifies these two ideas but in a slightly different light. In the book, Winston Smith and his lover Julia come together as two rebels against the overbearing Party that ultimately leads to their emotional destruction. In the throes of their love they profess their undying loyalty to each other, bringing the wrath of the Party down on them. By tying their loyalties to somewhere other than the party, Winston and Julia rebel against the party. Loyalty is Power. In 1984 the only goal of the Party is to have complete, absolute, pure power. O’Brien explains this to Winston saying, “The Party seeks power entirely for its own sake. We are not interested in the good of others; we are interested solely in power. Not wealth or luxury or long life or happiness: only power, pure power... Power is not a means, it is an end” (Orwell 263). He later explains that the Party's total domination will create a world of fear and torture, “There will be no loyalty, except loyalty towards the Party. There will be no love, except the love of Big Brother” (Orwell 267). In this way, O’Brien shows that loyalty to anyone else would mean a divergence from the power of the party, a rebellion. Since...

Words: 2520 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Gun Control

...Gun Control: The Big Picture George Washington's picture Submitted by George Washington on 12/17/2012 12:36 -0500 Preface: I was raised to be against guns. My parents hated guns, and believed that they only lead to crime and to accidental shootings. Raised in a blue state, I had the stereotype that militias were made of crazies … and so the “right to bear arms” as part of a “well-regulated militia” seemed like a nutty anachronism. And I have long been deeply influenced by leading voices for non-violence, such as Gandhi and King. So – Until recently – I was pro gun-control. As such, I understand that gun control arguments very well. Gandhi and the Dalai Lama Were AGAINST Gun Control I was surprised to learn that two of the best-known promoters of nonviolence in history were not opposed to guns. Indeed, Mahatma Gandhi taught that we must first be brave enough to use guns to defend ourselves, and only then can we be qualified to use non-violent methods. For example, Gandhi wrote in his book, An Autobiography (page 446): Among the many misdeeds of the British rule in India, history will look upon the Act depriving a whole nation of arms, as the blackest … if we want to learn the use of arms, here is a golden opportunity. As Gandhi wrote in Doctrine of the Sword: I do believe that where there is only a choice between cowardice and violence I would advise violence. *** When my eldest son asked me what he should have done...

Words: 2024 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Benedict Arnold: An American Hero

...Throughout the history of the United States, there has been many persons wishing to do us great harm and betray the nation. Perhaps the most famous person in history that is known for being a traitor, is Benedict Arnold. We are taught from a very early age about his betrayal, but what we are not taught much about are his many feats on the battlefield which played a great role in winning the war against the British. It is quite conceivable that if Benedict Arnold perished in the Battle of Saratoga that he would have looked at quite differently by history today and would most likely be considered an American hero. The question that arises for most people after learning of his significant participation in the war for independence is, how did...

Words: 1186 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

La PlanèTe Des Singes to Planet of the Apes: the Evolution of a Franchise

...La planète des singes to Planet of the Apes: The Evolution of a Franchise The 1960's saw a rise in the popularity of science fiction novels, television shows and movies being produced around the world. In France, Pierre Boulle, a former engineer and secret agent with the French army, published La planète des singes, a satirical novel that found nearly immediate success in the science fiction community. Less than five years after publication, the novel had been translated into English, and the first of many films in the American Planet of the Apes media franchise debuted as "loose adaptations" of Boulle's work. Today, this science fiction powerhouse continues to create popular film adaptations, however as time continues, the derivation from Boulle's original French novel escalates. By looking at a handful of the many films, one can see how each of the different versions distances further from the original intent of the novel, becoming nearly unrecognizable from the 1963 French novel. Despite Boulle willingly signing over the rights to his work, having been credited and compensated accordingly, and even writing new material for a movie sequel, the Planet of the Apes franchise's continual derivation from the original work is a disservice to Boulle's creation and legacy, leaving the author almost forgotten. On the contrary, the modifications to the original allowed Boulle's creative thoughts to reach entire audiences that he never thought possible. The author himself spoke minimal...

Words: 2025 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

Student

...A Coward  by Guy de Maupassant  (1850-1893) Translators: Albert M.C. McMaster, A.E. Henderson, Mme. Quesada, & others. In society he was called "Handsome Signoles." His name was Vicomte Gontran-Joseph de Signoles. An orphan, and possessed of an ample fortune, he cut quite a dash, as it is called. He had an attractive appearance and manner, could talk well, had a certain inborn elegance, an air of pride and nobility, a good mustache, and a tender eye, that always finds favor with women. He was in great request at receptions, waltzed to perfection, and was regarded by his own sex with that smiling hostility accorded to the popular society man. He had been suspected of more than one love affair, calculated to enhance the reputation of a bachelor. He lived a happy, peaceful life--a life of physical and mental well-being. He had won considerable fame as a swordsman, and still more as a marksman. "When the time comes for me to fight a duel," he said, "I shall choose pistols. With such a weapon I am sure to kill my man." One evening, having accompanied two women friends of his with their husbands to the theatre, he invited them to take some ice cream at Tortoni's after the performance. They had been seated a few minutes in the restaurant when Signoles noticed that a man was staring persistently at one of the ladies. She seemed annoyed, and lowered her eyes. At last she said to her husband: "There's a man over there looking at me. I don't know him; do you?" The husband...

Words: 2798 - Pages: 12

Free Essay

Childhood End

...Childhood’s End Arthur C. Clarke The opinions expressed in this book are not those of the author I EARTH AND THE OVERLORDS Chapter 1 The volcano that had reared Taratua up from the Pacific depths had been sleeping now for half a million years. Yet in a little while, thought Reinhold, the island would be bathed with fires fiercer than any that had attended its birth. He glanced towards the launching site, and his gaze climbed the pyramid of scaffolding that still surrounded the “Columbus”. Two hundred feet above the ground, the ship’s prow was catching the last rays of the descending sun. This was one of the last nights it would ever know; soon it would be floating in the eternal sunshine of space. It was quiet here beneath the palms, high up on the rocky spine of the island. The only sound from the Project was the occasional yammering of an air compressor or the faint shout of a workman. Reinhold had grown fond of these clustered palms; almost every evening he had come here to survey his little empire. It saddened him to think that they would be blasted to atoms when the “Columbus” rose in flame and fury to the stars. A mile beyond the reef, the “James Forrestal” had switched on her searchlights and was sweeping the dark waters. The sun had now vanished completely, and the swift tropical night was racing in from the east. Reinhold wondered, a little sardonically, if the carrier expected to find Russian...

Words: 71127 - Pages: 285

Premium Essay

Alexander the Great

...ALEXANDER THE GREAT: HERO, HUMANITARIAN, OR MANIAC? INTRODUCTION Alexander the Great is by all historical accounts one of the most influential figures of history. He was the son of Philip II, the King of Macedon who conquered Greece in 338 B.C. but was assassinated soon thereafter. Alexander thus became king at the age of seventeen (in 336 B.C. ), and at the age of twenty he set off to conquer the known world. In a series of lightning campaigns he conquered the Persian Empire that had until then been invincible, and in a certain sense he avenged Greece for the earlier Persian Wars. He marched through Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Persia, conquering all before him. In monumental battles he defeated the Persians at Granicus (334 B.C.), Issus (333 B.c.), and Gaugamela (331 B.c.). He drove his soldiers on, crossing the mountains and deserts of central Asia, until he reached the borders of India (326 B.C.). There he finally turned back, retreating to Babylon, where he established his court. At Babylon he fell sick and suddenly died, at only thirty-two years of age (323 B.c.). Alexander hardly had time to organize his new empire, and this makes it all but impossible to know how he would have been as a ruler, instead of a conqueror. After his death, Alexander's empire fell apart and was ruled by his successors, Macedonian generals who became kings of independent areas. Most of these rulers continued Alexander's policies of toleration and cultural integration. Alexander's...

Words: 13773 - Pages: 56

Free Essay

Essay

...Essays Essays Part II. 2, 2.] Part II. 2, 2.] Essays The Project Gutenberg EBook of Essays, by Ralph Waldo Emerson This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Essays Author: Ralph Waldo Emerson Editor: Edna H. L. Turpin Release Date: September 4, 2005 [EBook #16643] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ESSAYS *** 1 Essays Produced by Curtis A. Weyant , Sankar Viswanathan and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net ESSAYS BY RALPH WALDO EMERSON Merrill's English Texts SELECTED AND EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY EDNA H.L. TURPIN, AUTHOR OF "STORIES FROM AMERICAN HISTORY," "CLASSIC FABLES," "FAMOUS PAINTERS," ETC. NEW YORK CHARLES E. MERRILL CO. 1907 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION LIFE OF EMERSON CRITICAL OPINIONS CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF PRINCIPAL WORKS THE AMERICAN SCHOLAR COMPENSATION SELF RELIANCE FRIENDSHIP HEROISM MANNERS GIFTS NATURE SHAKESPEARE; OR, THE POET PRUDENCE CIRCLES NOTES PUBLISHERS' NOTE Merrill's English Texts 2 Essays 3 This series of books will include in complete editions those masterpieces of English Literature that are best adapted for the use of schools and colleges. The editors of the several volumes will...

Words: 97797 - Pages: 392

Premium Essay

Miseducation

...THE MISEDUCATION OF THE FILIPINO  Prof. Renato Constantino, Journal of Contemporary Asia, Vol.1.,No.1 (1970) Education is a vital weapon of a people striving for economic emancipation, political independence and cultural renaissance. We are such a people. Philippine education therefore must produce Filipinos who are aware of their country's problems, who understand the basic solution to these problems, and who care enough to have courage to work and sacrifice for their country's salvation. Nationalism in Education In recent years, in various sectors of our society, there have been nationalist stirrings which were crystallized and articulated by the late Claro M. Recto, There were jealous demands for the recognition of Philippine sovereignty on the Bases question. There were appeals for the correction of the iniquitous economic relations between the Philippines and the United States. For a time, Filipino businessmen and industrialists rallied around the banner of the FILIPINO FIRST policy, and various scholars and economists proposed economic emancipation as an intermediate goal for the nation. In the field of art, there have been signs of a new appreciation for our own culture. Indeed, there has been much nationalist activity in many areas of endeavor, but we have yet to hear of a wellorganized campaign on the part of our educational leaders for nationalism in education. Although most of our educators are engaged in the lively debate on techniques and tools for the improved...

Words: 8020 - Pages: 33

Free Essay

Ivanhoe

...книг выложен группой vk.com/create_your_english The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ivanhoe, by Walter Scott This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Ivanhoe A Romance Author: Walter Scott Release Date: June 25, 2008 [EBook #82] Last Updated: November 6, 2012 Language: English *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IVANHOE *** Produced by John P. Roberts, Jr. and David Widger IVANHOE книг выложен группой vk.com/create_your_english A ROMANCE книг выложен группой vk.com/create_your_english By Sir Walter Scott Now fitted the halter, now traversed the cart, And often took leave,—but seemed loath to depart! 1 —Prior. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO IVANHOE. DEDICATORY EPISTLE IVANHOE. CHAPTER I CHAPTER II CHAPTER III CHAPTER IV CHAPTER V CHAPTER VI CHAPTER VII CHAPTER VIII CHAPTER IX CHAPTER X CHAPTER XI CHAPTER XII CHAPTER XIII CHAPTER XIV CHAPTER XV CHAPTER XVI CHAPTER XVII CHAPTER XVIII CHAPTER XIX CHAPTER XX CHAPTER XXI CHAPTER XXII CHAPTER XXIII CHAPTER XXIV CHAPTER XXV CHAPTER XXVI CHAPTER XXVII CHAPTER XXVIII CHAPTER XXIX CHAPTER XXX CHAPTER XXXI CHAPTER XXXII. CHAPTER XXXIII CHAPTER XXXIV CHAPTER XXXV CHAPTER XXXVI CHAPTER XXXVII CHAPTER XXXVIII CHAPTER XXXIX CHAPTER XL CHAPTER XLI ...

Words: 198251 - Pages: 794