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Grandes Debates

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Submitted By angelama3
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Por más que el tiempo pase, la discriminación racial constituye uno de los principales problemas que aquejan a la sociedad, motivo lo que nos estimula a seguir adelante, combatir y enfrentarnos contra la desigualdad. En 1930, aun cuando se había proclamado la abolición de la esclavitud, en el mundo todavía persistían las desvinculaciones económicas, sociales, y grandes problemas de igualdad racial.

“Grandes debates” es una película muy inspiradora que nos brinda un mensaje de aliento a toda la humanidad para que luchemos por la igualdad, la libertad y la justicia, y de esta forma vencer la discriminación racial en la sociedad. Además de representar un testimonio de los enfrentamientos entre blancos y negros, Grandes Debates, simboliza la perspectiva del poeta Melvin Tolson, sobre cuatro jóvenes afroamericanos que tenían el propósito de ser diferentes en la sociedad, y vencer en un campeonato de debates, a Harvard, una de las universidades más reconocidas e influyentes de los Estados Unidos. Tolson selecciona a cuatro miembros: Henry Lowe, Samantha Booke, James Farmer y Hamilton Burgess. Estas valientes figuras tenían en sus manos la misión esencial de luchar para alcanzar la equidad y la justicia.
Los cuatro miembros del equipo de debate enfrentaban cada día las más crueles manifestaciones de maltrato, desempleo, miseria y violencia en Texas. Asimismo, su profesor, Melvin Tolson, les explicaba como hasta en el diccionario la palabra denigrante que significa “ nigro” difamar, ennegrecer” asocia el color negro al fracaso.
Como podemos percatarnos, la influencia del racismo es de gran relevancia. Ante esta problemática, Martí (1893) se expresa:

“El hombre no tiene ningún derecho especial porque pertenezca a una raza u otra: dígase hombre, y ya se dicen todos los derechos. El negro, por negro, no es inferior ni superior a ningún otro hombre... Todo lo que divide a los hombres, todo lo que los especifica, aparta o acorrala, es un pecado contra la humanidad”
Ante lo anteriormente dicho, pensamos que solo por el hecho de ser hombres, todos somos iguales, independientemente del color. El color de piel, es un detalle, una cualidad, una variante en las personas, pero no hace más persona el ser blanco, o de menor dignidad el ser africano., Nadie puede elegir el color de la piel, o a que raza pertenecer, pero si todos somos personas. Por otra Parte, Melvin Tolson exhortaba y alentaba sus estudiantes a desarrollar su mente y a declarar sus opiniones, conductas muy difíciles de implementar en el entorno tan racista y discriminatorio de la época. En ese sentido Tolson decía: “ El debate es deporte sangriento. Es combate. Pero sus armas son las palabras” . Reflexionando la frase anterior, notamos como Tolson nos presenta el debate como un medio que a partir de las palabras empleadas, si estas se emplean de manera correcta, nos permite demostrar la credibilidad, el conocimiento, y ofrecer una clara explicación de cada punto que se argumenta. Asimismo, nos presenta el debate como un medio para lograr la educación. El debate es un enfrentamiento, un desafío que nos da la posibilidad de pensar e interpretar, desarrollar nuestra mente a diferentes aspectos, lo que tiene gran importancia para que exista la comprensión, la discusión, y el llegar a estar de acuerdo.

En ese mismo orden de ideas, Tolson declaraba: El juez es Dios, porque el decide quien gana o pierde, no mi oponente. No existe oponente, porque es simplemente una verdad discrepante de la verdad que hablo. La Escritura enseña que “Dios es el único Juez” (Sal 50:6; 75:7; Heb 12:23). Con respecto a lo expresado anteriormente, pensamos que como somos seres imperfectos, no debemos juzgar a nadie, hay que amar y ser amables con todos, siempre mostrar serenidad, calma y compostura, aun en aquellas situaciones, que rebosan nuestros límites. Solo Dios, es Perfecto y tiene el poder de juzgar, los seres humanos tenemos nuestras fallas, entonces, ¿cómo podemos juzgar a los demás, siendo nosotros mismos pecadores?

El grupo de debate de Melvin Tolson triunfó ganando veces consecutivas frente a sus oponentes aun en medio de una situación de gran discriminación. A través de la lucha del profesor Tolson, aprenden a debatir, y finalizan en un debate que se transmite por todo el país con la universidad de Harvard. En esta oportunidad, argumentaban a favor de que “la desobediencia civil es un arma moral en la lucha por la justicia”.
A partir de lo expresado anteriormente, Henry Thoreau declara: la desobediencia civil es la justificación del rechazo público, consciente, colectivo y pacífico a acatar leyes o políticas gubernamentales consideradas injustas o inmorales. En ese sentido pensamos que la desobediencia civil es un método especial de oposición que no utiliza la violencia, sólo busca un cambio político, tolerando los derechos humanos como valores éticos y morales, y la transformación pacífica como medio esencial para la democracia. “Una ley injusta no es una ley” (San Agustín), De acuerdo a lo planteado anteriormente consideramos que la desobediencia civil es una vía que contribuye a expandir los derechos y ampliar las perspectivas de democracia.

Finalmente, Pensamos que la película es extraordinaria, y merece ser vista por jóvenes, ya que lleva consigo un mensaje de esperanza y superación de obstáculos. Habla de la tenacidad de un maestro que influyó en sus estudiantes a nunca renunciar y a actuar con responsabilidad., El poder de los movimientos de derechos civiles para hacer realidad la promesa de que todos los ciudadanos son iguales ante la ley con el apoyo de los derechos de esas leyes. Me satisface concluir con esta frase motivadora de El Papa Juan Pablo II: Los creyentes de todas las religiones, junto con los hombres de buena voluntad, abandonando cualquier forma de intolerancia y discriminación, están llamados a construir la paz." Creemos que para que una sociedad avance tiene que haber igualdad de condiciones para todos, para ello es necesario no discriminarnos entre nosotros, es la única solución que existe ante todos los males que enfrentamos, tenemos que mirar al costado antes que salir adelante. Si salimos adelante entre todos, será mucho más fácil.

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