...LOGISTICS. A REVIEW OF LITERATURE1 Isabel Fernández Quesada2 ABSTRACT This paper aims at providing a review of Reverse Logistics concept from a broad set of articles, published mainly in the last decade. From their reading, the author has detected the lack of a desirable largely accepted consensus on what constitutes Reverse Logistics, either on what the range of activities should be included within its scope or how to denominate each of its options in a not fuzzy way. The clarification of the concept matters for several reasons. On the one hand, most of the so called, environmental regulations -which have been passed in a growing manner, in recent years and in many parts of the world- usually mention some objectives to be reached in certain periods of time, in relation to some of the Reverse Logistics activities (being perhaps the most common one, recycling targets). Given that not only consumers, but also both companies and municipalities are committed with these goals, it would be handy and desirable to have a clear idea of what is meant by each denomination and the implications that each one may have. On the other hand, having a definite guideline of this conceptual framework would allow for some comparative studies about the different levels of implementation within the members of the chain or between different channels, being more accurate and reliable. On the previous literature review basis, the paper concludes by providing a reasoned characterization of this new part of the...
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...School. Correspondence concerning this paper on E.E Cummings should be addressed to Emily Zambrano, Department of English, Thornton Township High School, 15001 South Broadway Avenue, Harvey, Illinois 60426. Email: e4p3zambrano.emily@gmail.com Abstract The poem by E.E Cummings “All in Green my Love went Riding” is about the speaker falling in love then getting heartbroken. In this poem Cummings expresses how falling in love can feel like you've been hit by something moving faster than you can possibly catch. The speaker is stalking his prey like someone who’s truly in love will stalk his loved one. Cummings...
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...Rui Cao English 150 Dec 12 Portfolio reflection paper I have wrote five papers in total during this semester. Each papers I spent a lot of time and I put efforts worked on them a lot. I also did some in-class activities and I did learned something and gained some experiences. Except the activities I did in class, I also went outside and got involved with social community. The first paper I wrote was to analysis a kind of text. I chose a painting draw by Da Vinci. I opened the picture on the website by searching it on Google. When I looking at the picture, and when I described the picture, I included the story and history of this painting in order to understand the picture better. The second paper was museum walkthrough guide. This paper was what I liked the most since it was so interesting and fun to write this paper. I went to the museum on the campus and spent about three hours for observation and taking notes. I walked around the museum and visited the museum from the first floor to the third floor. I brought my notebook and draw a map of this museum. Then I go back home and composed this paper by presenting what I seen and how these exhibitions displayed in the museum. The third paper that I wrote was the investigative journalism. The topic I chose was the green space on the campus. I knew that the green space is not big enough for students to use on the campus thus I decided to asked the mower who works on the lawn area. After I asked him and got the information that...
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...and its Implementation in Forest Industries Jari Kärnä Academic Dissertation To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki for public defence in Auditorium XII of the University main building Aleksanterinkatu 5, on Friday 11th April 2003 at 12 o'clock. Environmental Marketing Strategy and its Implementation in Forest Industries Academic Dissertation Opponent: Professor Juha S. Niemelä Seinäjoki Institute for Rural Research and Training University of Helsinki juha.s.niemela@helsinki.fi Supervisor: Professor Heikki Juslin Department of Forest Economics University of Helsinki heikki.juslin@helsinki.fi Pre-examiners: Professor Hanna Pesonen School of Business and Economics University of Jyväskylä hpesonen@tase.jyu.fi Professor Harri Westermarck Department of Economics University of Helsinki harri.westermarck@helsinki.fi Author's address: Jari Kärnä Finnish Forest Research Institute, Vantaa Research Centre PO Box 18, FIN-01301 Vantaa jari.karna@metla.fi ISBN 952-10-0963-2 (paperback) ISBN 952-10-0964-0 (pdf) ISSN 1236-6226 http://ethesis.helsinki.fi Hakapaino, Helsinki 2003 2 Abstrakti Väitöskirja käsittelee ympäristöasioiden integrointia metsäteollisuusyritysten ja heidän teollisten asiakkaidensa markkinoinnin suunnitteluun. Tutkimus koostuu neljästä julkaistusta ja kahdesta julkaistavaksi hyväksytystä tieteellisestä artikkelista sekä yhteenveto-osasta, jossa tarkastellaan ekologista...
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...graph. Once the driver is indicated by the user, we compute the motion of the assembly and use it to generate an annotated illustration to depict how the assembly works. We also produce a corresponding causal chain sequence to help the viewer better mentally animate the motion. Abstract How things work visualizations use a variety of visual techniques to depict the operation of complex mechanical assemblies. We present an automated approach for generating such visualizations. Starting with a 3D CAD model of an assembly, we first infer the motions of individual parts and the interactions between parts based on their geometry and a few user specified constraints. We then use this information to generate visualizations that incorporate motion arrows, frame sequences and animation to convey the causal chain of motions and mechanical interactions between parts. We present results for a wide variety of assemblies. Keywords: mechanical assembly, motion depiction, visualization, shape analysis, causal chaining movement. For example, the gearbox in a car is a collection of interlocking gears with different ratios that transforms rotational force from the engine into the appropriate revolution speed for the wheels. Understanding how the parts interact to transform the driving force into motion is often the key to understanding how mechanical...
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...Executive Summary This is a business plan for our company, GreenArrow Sdn Bhd, an environmental friendly company, which will be selling hazardous insects’ trap by using recycled material. The purpose of this plan is to provide us a guideline to conduct the business and serves as a reminder to keep the business on track. In Malaysia, the dengue rate has been increasing significantly. In year 2013, more than 43,000 cases were reported, with 92 deaths, up from 35 dead the year before. Mosquito fogging is a common method to eliminate mosquitos but it doesn’t reduce the dengue rate. Our company spotted a great opportunity to conduct a profit making business and yet provide solution to this problem. The solution is our product, LED Mosquito Killer. It can bait and trap mosquito by luring them with heat, light and CO2. The target market can be household, firms, institutions and it can be used in many places such as home, restaurant, hospital, schools and even outdoor by using the USB cable. We are able to source recycled raw material with cheap price and we are planning to distribute the product to wholesaler and retailer. The forecast sales in the first year will be 24000 units. The startup cost will be RM 178,200.00 and the estimated net profit after deducting all expenses will be RM 108,000.00 for the first year. Breakeven can be achieved on 1 and a half year. Our company is looking forward to expand the production by setting up a new manufacturing plant by the end of 2017...
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...Introduction The strategy cost involved in setting up a business that provides a customer service, market service of setting a business of a product. In this paper, we discussed the comprehensive analysis of the existing product on the market, then indicating my own business analysis that fits in the existing market. The paper also discussed the financial information of the existing product and a new product. The paper also highlights the vital role playing by the product owner in setting a business. The paper also includes and take into consideration of having new business strategies in finding new clients, keeping existing clients and long-term planning to develop a sustainable product. In last, the paper concludes by providing the recommendations for the launch of new product. Background Unique Tea is a flavored tea that will be launched in the UK market. The product is of a unique colour that is meant to stand out, and the taste is meant to give the consumer a fruity taste. The serving of Unique Tea is ideal when it is cold and fresh In essence, the purpose is to come across as a refreshing drink. To this end, the production of Unique Tea includes the use of natural fruits and extracts from naturally occurring organic elements. The marketing strategy for Unique Tea highlights the organic and Rainforest friendly nature of Unique Tea’s production process. Comprehensive Analysis [pic] Following are the market share of the existing companies of Tea bags....
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...ACE2006 Agricultural Economics Guidelines for poster assessment You must decide on a research hypothesis and then extract the data you need to test that hypothesis from the Farm Business Service (FBS) dataset. This dataset contains a large number of variables, including measurements of farm income, farm size, total costs, fixed and variable costs, total revenue, revenue from farming, subsidies, farm diversification and agri-environment payments. It also contains details of farm location, enterprise revenue and variable costs (and gross margins), farm type. It is up to you to decide what data you need to test your research hypothesis. For example, you might wish to examine the economies/diseconomies of scale theory, or you may wish to show how farm business income varies with region and within region by farm type (or size). You may wish to determine which farm types earn what % of total revenue from agri-environment payments or from diversification payments. You could examine the labour used on different farms, and correlate this with a measure of farm income. There are endless possibilities. You are asked to decide on a research hypothesis yourself and to work alone this is individual work so DO NOT work in groups. The poster that you will present your research hypothesis and data analysis is described below, this exercise is assessed and is worth 20% of the module mark. This document contains guidelines for extracting data, and the pro-forma which you...
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...Proceedings VII World Avocado Congress 2011 (Actas VII Congreso Mundial del Aguacate 2011). Cairns, Australia. 5 – 9 September 2011 AMAP Avocado Marketing and Promotion Working group (former name: AMAPWG) Unique model of global co-operation Presented by: Gabi Naamani Agrexco Tel-Aviv, Israel Sept. 2011, Cairns, Australia AMAP – Unique model of global co-operation Gabi Naamani, Agrexco Tel-Aviv AMAP (former named AMAPWG) – Avocado Marketing and Promotion Working Group - is voluntary organization of Avocado producers and exporters from numerous countries that identified “Mutual interests in developing the Avocado consumption”. The main goal is to develop and extend the Avocado consumption in Europe, along with inspection on domestic markets of the members (plus other markets as well), where applications from one field can be learnt and applied in other. AMAP is a unique model with special inspiration: “Cooperation of competitors” from all over the world, with common understanding that it is much more beneficial “to act together on enlarging the cake than to fight on its slices”. This basic idea was firstly discussed at informal meeting of various exporters during the '4th World Avocado Congress' (Uruapan, Mexico 1999), where it was agreed to meet once a year and to modify numerous existing connections from being 'bi-lateral' to be 'multi-lateral'. Further many steps, for tightening the relationships, were taken in the past dozen years. Nowadays, there is permanent...
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...ARTICLE IN PRESS Energy Policy ] (]]]]) ]]]–]]] Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Energy Policy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol Valuing a wind farm construction: A contingent valuation study in Greece Phoebe Koundouri, Yiannis Kountouris, Kyriaki Remoundou à Department of International and European Economic Studies, Athens University of Economics and Business, 5th floor, Derigny Building, 76 Patision Street, 10434 Athens, Greece a r t i c l e in fo abstract Article history: Received 9 May 2008 Accepted 21 January 2009 Our analysis is based on data from a double-bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation study implemented to elicit public attitudes towards renewable energy generation and their willingness to pay for the construction of a wind farm in the area of Messanagros in the island of Rhodes, Greece. Results indicate that there are significant positive values deriving from the proposed project. Respondents report a mean willingness to pay a premium in their bi-monthly electric bills of h8.86 for the sole purpose of the construction of the wind farm. The estimated economic benefits to the local population are weighed against the investment cost in a cost–benefit analysis to inform policy making and implications for EU energy policy are provided. & 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Contingent valuation Renewable energy Wind farm 1. Introduction Climate change is currently considered to be...
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...for driving. In the next few sections we are going to discuss some very important details about driving, so perk up and enjoy the lesson! The first thing you need to learn about is how to register a vehicle in the great state of California. What is needed to register a vehicle in California? Lots of people don't understand what happens behind the scenes when you purchase a vehicle in the state of California, but we are going to tell you exactly what happens when you do. When you purchase a new or used vehicle from a licensed California dealer, the dealer collects State Board of Equalization sales tax and DMV fees to register and title the vehicle. The dealer submits DMV fees and documents to register and title the vehicle and gives you papers showing temporary operating authority. The dealer is allowed several...
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...Factors in a Company: How Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Individual Employee Performance Affect Production. Abstract The purpose of this research paper is to describe how much positive job satisfaction (JS), organizational commitment (OC), and employee performance (EP) affect production within a company. Ten employees, both in the human resources field and sales field, were surveyed to determine if theses variables really do affect work production. The survey referred to questions regarding many variables but specifically for this paper, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and employee performance. This paper will focus on how these variables affect performance throughout a company, and what type of impacts they have on the employees. This data collected was analyzed using various types of methodology. By the end of the paper, the reader will determine what kind of impact these three variables have on the employees’ production within a company. Table of ContentsIntroduction……………………………………………………………………………...4Literature Review………………………………………………………………………..5Methodology……………………………………………………………………………..9Results……………………………………………………………………………………Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………..References……………………………………………………………………………….. | Factors in a Company 1. Introduction Organizations want the most efficient employees who are diligent at work to be involved in their organizations. But what really affects production within an organization based...
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...The Shrimp Commodity System A Sustainability Institute Report by Denise Johnston, Chris Soderquist and Donella H. Meadows There’s a basic fear between your world and mine. I don’t know why. What I came to say was, teach the children about the cycles. The life cycles. All the other cycles. That’s what it’s all about, and it’s all forgot.” —Gary Snyder. “To/From Lew” July 2000 © Sustainability Institute PO Box 174 Hartland Four Corners VT 05049 Inquiries to d.meadows@dartmouth.edu Table of Contents Commodity Project Background ...................................................................................... page 2 The Shrimp System .......................................................................................................... page 3 Wild Shrimp Fisheries Shrimp Aquaculture Model Purpose and Development..................................................................................... page 4 Model Structure ................................................................................................................ page 5 Scenarios from the Model................................................................................................. page 9 Scenario 1: Unbounded Aquaculture Scenario 2: The Environment Strikes Back Scenario 3: Help for the Fishery Scenario 4: Best Practice for the Shrimp Farmers Summary of Dynamic Lessons ....................................................................................... page 12 Notes on Process to Date...
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...Human Development Index 1 Human Development Index The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income indices used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. It was created by the Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq and the Indian economist Amartya Sen in 1990[1] and was published by the United Nations Development Programme.[2] World map by quartiles of Human Development Index in 2013. Origins The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Development Reports of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990 and had the explicit purpose "to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people-centered policies". To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq brought together a group of well-known development economists including: Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Sudhir Anand and Meghnad Desai. Working along with Nobel laureate Amartya Sen, they worked on capabilities and functionings that provided the underlying conceptual framework. Haq was sure that a simple composite measure of human development was needed in order to convince the public, academics, and policy-makers that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well-being. Sen initially opposed this idea, but he went on to help Haq develop the Index...
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...Assignments, and Grades. 3.3.1 Materials When you first click on the classroom tab it takes you to the materials section where you will see the name and start date of your class. Scrolling down the page you will see a list of what each week of your class will contain. Each week will have a section that has the objectives and the materials that will be needed for that week such as books or other reading material needed to complete that week’s assignment. Directly to the left of the materials tab you will notice a drop down box that will let you switch between classes. It will show your most recent past class, your current class or classes, as well as your next upcoming class. You can quickly switch between them by clicking on the down arrow to bring up the drop down box and clicking on the class you would like to go to. Directly under the drop box on the left you will see a course outline that has links to the course overview, course policy, a list of required software, links to other class materials such as SkillSoft, further down you will find quick links to each week of class. Clicking on the course overview will take you to another page that has the course description as well as a list of all topics...
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