...Western Apache interactants is the prescribed behavior when meeting strangers, in the initial stages of courting, for welcoming children returning home, as well as toward a patient undergoing a curing ritual. When a stranger comes to their house none speak to him, or ask him any questions, till he thinks fit to speak. Senegal exchanging greetings each time you meet someone, even if it is later in the same day, it is important to maintaining good relationships. The greeting must include an introduction followed by recitation of ones full name several times to honor family and ancestors. You are expected to exchange lengthy inquiries into the health and well being of the other person and their family before asking any other question or beginning a discussion, It is customary for these questions to be asked over a prolonged handshake. It is important not to rush the greeting process since your goal is to be considered a friend so that business is a possibility.The Senegalese tend to lower their gaze while conversing, especially when speaking with someone senior to themselves in age or position .To the Western mind the amount of time spent in greetings may appear unnecessary or even wasteful especially in business, they are used by the Senegalese to feel one with each other and achieve a sense of group harmony. Anglo Americans tend to consider their personal goals over group goals because they are generally goal and future oriented. To prepare and save for the future is a common...
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...SUBJECT: International Greetings The purpose of this memo is to explain the basics of greetings in ther countries. The way people greet each other in other countries can be different than how we greet each other in the United States. In Australia, when meeting someone for the first time, it is usual to shake hands your right hand and the right hand of the person you are meeting. And when you first meet someone, it is polite to look the person in the eyes, but be careful not to stare. In India, the traditional way of greeting is performed by holding your palms together, as in praying and saying ‘Namaste’ or ‘Namaskar’, with a slight bow. In Japan, the Japanese bow or even handshake to greet one another. How long you bow determines the relationship between you and the other individual. When bowing, keep your eyes low, and palms flat to your thighs. In Korea, a bow is traditional and accompanied by a handshake among men. Korean women usually nod slightly, but not shake hands with Western Men. Western women may offer their hand to a Korean man. People from the Netherlands shake hands most often and state their name when hey first meet. They also shake hands again when leaving. Spaniards tend to shake hands with everyone present when first meeting and also when leaving. Men may embrace one another when meeting and women may kiss each other on the cheek and embrace. Asia is a country where distance is more expected when greeting someone. In such countries...
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...Overnight delivery of greeting card service by the USPS has the biggest competitor, which is Hallmark Greeting Cards Company. Hallmark is the largest manufacturer of greeting cards in the United States. It has owned the whole greeting cards market for almost 100 years. Hallmark greeting cards, or gifts can be mailed to the customer by the next business day. That is why we could say the Hallmark Greeting Cards Company is the strongest competitor to the overnight night delivery of greeting cards by the USPS. This analysis of the competitor, Hallmark could help the USPS to get succeed in greeting cards market. There are several strengthens of the Hallmark greeting cards. First of all, Hallmark greeting cards has occupied the greeting cards market for 100 years. It is the most successful brand greeting cards at this area because its high quality. The second, Hallmark greeting cards are more attractive than other greeting cards. As we all know, Hallmarks offers or has offered greeting cards, ornaments, and related gift products from many famous licensors, such as: Dream Works Animations, even 20th Century Fox. Most cartoon, and movie figures cannot be published without licenses, but Hallmark has the corporate relationship with those licensors. That is why some figures only could be used by Hallmark. On the other hands, there are several weaknesses of Hallmark greeting cards. First of all, Hallmark greeting cards is limited on languages service. United States is an immigrant country...
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...Tyler Reames October 14, 2013 American Greetings Executive Summary – FIN 3717 Executive Summary American Greetings is the second largest greeting card publisher in the U.S., behind Hallmark. The company is involved in retail and online sales. Hallmark is the main competition for American Greetings. In recent years, social media has caused a decline in the greeting card industry. Both American Greetings and Hallmark have begun creating electronic cards to take advantage of the digital revolution. Problem By the end of 2012, American Greetings was at the bottom of its peer group, with a low EV-EBITDA multiple, market-to-book below 1, a 6x PE ratio, and a share price of $12.51 that had dropped significantly in the months prior. American Greetings has historically used a share repurchase strategy in times of low equity. This is a good defense if the stock price is down temporarily, but the low valuation could also be a sign of larger trouble where it would be wise to preserve cash. Both S&P and Value Line anticipated modest growth for American Greetings in the coming years. Analysis We conducted an analysis for 2012 through 2015 to determine the value of the company. Our analysis began with calculating the operating cash flows (OCF = operating income * (1 – 0.4) - ∆NWC): Operating Cash Flow (millions) 2011 118 2012 83 2013 86 2014 88 2015 91 Operating Cash Flow (millions) 2011 118 2012 83 2013 86 2014 88 2015...
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...Chandler Loupe Oct. 13th, 2013 FIN 3717 Stephens American Greetings- Executive Summary On a warm New Years day in Cleveland, American Greetings management was reviewing its stock’s recent downward trend of being cut in half over the past several months. When faced with situations of low equity valuation, AG’s management team normally opted to buyback; and given the circumstances, they were considering a $75 million repurchase program. As the second largest greeting card publisher, they positioned themselves as a leader in social expression products through a number of new business facets such as: electronically selling greetings, owning a number of different brands aside from AG, and licensing popular characters they owned the rights to. Problem The biggest issue facing the company was the overall decline in the greeting card industry. Industry analysts had concluded that their market had contracted by 9% since 2005, and that the trend would continue. The Mintel industry analyst firm had a best-case scenario of a 4% decline over the next four years, and a worst-case scenario of 16%. Analysis Although their market appears to be at a steady decline, their 2011 fiscal year shows a few signs of improvement. As seen in Exhibit 2, their international social expression products net sales increased by 31%, greeting cards by 9%, and gift packaging by 7%. Aside from small gains in revenue, their weighted average cost of capital has been fairly steady the past 3 years. By using...
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...American Greetings Exec Summary Tyler Reames October 14, 2013 American Greetings Executive Summary – FIN 3717 Executive Summary American Greetings is the second largest greeting card publisher in the U.S., behind Hallmark. The company is involved in retail and online sales. Hallmark is the main competition for American Greetings. In recent years, social media has caused a decline in the greeting card industry. Both American Greetings and Hallmark have begun creating electronic cards to take advantage of the digital revolution. Problem By the end of 2012, American Greetings was at the bottom of its peer group, with a low EV-EBITDA multiple, market-to-book below 1, a 6x PE ratio, and a share price of $12.51 that had dropped significantly in the months prior. American Greetings has historically used a share repurchase strategy in times of low equity. This is a good defense if the stock price is down temporarily, but the low valuation could also be a sign of larger trouble where it would be wise to preserve cash. Both S&P and Value Line anticipated modest growth for American Greetings in the coming years. Analysis We conducted an analysis for 2012 through 2015 to determine the value of the company. Our analysis began with calculating the operating cash flows (OCF = operating income * (1 – 0.4) - ∆NWC): Operating Cash Flow (millions) 2011 118 2012 83 2013 86 2014 88 2015 91 Operating Cash Flow (millions) 2011 118 2012 83 2013...
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...Culture Project | U.S. | Germany | Greeting | In the U.S., when you greet another person, you can typically offer a handshake. This is a very common form of greeting. There are some instances where you may be meeting a friend of a friend or a family member of your friend where they will ask for a hug, but is not seen very often. Hugs are typically reserved for family or feminine friends while kisses are reserved for couples. Eye contact is also a sign of respect. Avoiding eye contact usually shows weakness, timidness, or even a lack of self-esteem.www.nativeforeignermag.com/2012/06/4-ways-to-greet-an-american/ | The German culture actually has very few differences when it comes to greetings. You can’t really go wrong with a firm handshake and good eye contact. The biggest difference between the two cultures comes between hugs and kisses. Most German men consider hugs too feminine whereas some males in the U.S. could turn a handshake or “fist bump” into a brief hug with a pat on the back. Kisses are very unusual in Germany. Kisses are almost always reserved for people VERY fond of you.German.about.com/od/vocabularytips/a/Learn-German-Greetings.htm | Homes | In the U.S. many people are pretty open and this is even seen in your home. Many homes are designed in an open way and often without many doors. Typically the only time you find doors closed in an American home is when they want privacy in the bathroom or bedroom. In some U.S. households, your street shoes are taken off...
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...HYSTERICAL BLINDNESS Hysterical Blindness ENG 090 05/10/2012 Wednesdays were always the day to meet with Charles (Chuck) Griffin, take the dogs for a walk, and get a cup of coffee from the Deer Perk coffee shop located in Deer Park, Texas. Chuck was a bold character, never backing down from an opportunity to bring a smile to the faces of his friends and family. Every week, I met Chuck outside the gated, community east of Houston, Texas. We shared a comedic greeting, usually at my expense, regarding haircut, eyeglasses, or clothing and gingerly began our walk towards the soccer, fields located behind a group of shops smartly placed to attract patrons of the sporting events which occurred regularly. Our walks were always filled with laughter about current events, coworkers, or politicians. Two to three hundred feet from the park, our energy filled canines would started to show their excitement as they anticipated our destination and the activities always afforded them by this midweek rendezvous. Frisbees always began flying well before we arrived at the center of the soccer fields. Dogs came off the leashes and bolted in the direction towards those floating discs, always wanting to be the first to sink their teeth into what we thought must be the best tasting plastic around. Chuck’s dog (Sam), more often the winner with the longer legs and the more muscular of the two, always held his head high as he trotted back towards his master, looking like...
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...against the left margin) then the heading and all other parts of the letter are flush left. In this style the paragraphs are not indented. This is how we will write our letters in class. Just so you know, many people write their letters semi-block style, which means that the heading and closing are tabbed to the middle of the paper and paragraphs are indented. The 2nd part of a personal letter is called the salutation. The salutation is the opening greeting in any letter. In most personal letters we start the salutation with “Dear (whatever the person’s name is).” The 3rd part of a personal letter is called the body. The body is the “letter” part of the letter. It includes all of the writer’s thoughts organized into paragraphs. The 4th part of a personal letter is called the closing. The closing includes the closing greeting followed by empty spaces or lines and then the writer’s typed or printed first and last name. In the closing greeting only the first word is capitalized. Some examples of good closing greetings are as follows: Yours truly; Sincerely; Friends forever; and Love. The 5th part of a personal letter is called the signature. The signature is signed in the space between the two parts of the closing. The signature should be written in cursive and neat. It should include your first and last name or you may sign your first initial and last name. HEADING SALUTATION ...
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...still remains in our customer service scope. It is Professional Introduction. Professional introduction defines the image of an organization and sets the welcoming greetings to be in standard order. Whenever we discuss professional introduction, we only limit its scope to handshake and choice of words. Is it so? Few years back when I was working as HR Manager, suppliers tend to fix appointments for our organization strategic plans. I have notice that one of the labour agent suppliers shall never be punctual for meetings and appointments. Whenever my staffs rang him up to locate his whereabouts, he will never attend to the calls. However he will be super-fast whenever his payment is prepared. I noticed his behaviour continued for the next few meetings. After three months, I decided not to renew his contract with us after obtaining another labour agent supplier. The new labour agent supplier acts professionally and communicates effectively for the benefit of our organization. Another incident occurred at a popular hotel in Johor. When we entered the main entrance, the bell man did not greet us and his expression showed that he clearly snubbed us away. The bell man continued talking with a security guard and his poor attitude prompted me to inform his superior. What happened to the formal introduction greeting in the hotel by placing the right hand on the left chest? It is extinct or complete ignorance by several employees that do not understand the term ‘professional’? ...
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...Homework Week 1 Misunderstanding #1 Last weekend my wife and I threw my father his 76 Birthday party at our home while family and friends attended. When my younger sister and her family arrived, my wife greeted her by saying “hello stranger”, which is a proper greeting when two people haven’t seen each other in awhile. My sister received this greeting as a disrespectful greeting and stated to my wife she was offended and if you can’t greet me as “hello Gloria” do not greet me at all. a. Who was the sender? (My Wife) b. Who was the receiver? (My Sister) c. What was the message? A simple greeting d. What channel was used to send the message? Face to Face Communication e. What was the misunderstanding that occurred? A simple greeting was misinterpret as a personal attack. How could the misunderstanding been avoided. a. By not inviting here b. By not greeting her at all c. By greeting her by her name. Misunderstanding #2 Once I retired from the Marine Corps a year later I went back to work for a defense contractor as an instructor for the Marine Corps. During my time as a Marine the term “WM” stands for Woman Marines. I was not aware that terms was no longer used to refer to woman Marines. During my introduction I let the class know where the “WM’s” and the male marines restroom was. After the first class a female marine approach me to let me know that the term “WM’s” was no longer appropriate to refer to female Marines...
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...CANADA Cultural resume Customs and courtesies Greetings Greeting in Canada in mostly a firm handshake, direct eye contact and a sincere smile, the French Canadians friends greet each other with a light kiss on one cheek or both. Visiting and gift giving It is typical to give gifts on Christmas and birthday, and gifts are opened at the moment when they are received. It is considered a good moral to take a box of good chocolate, flowers of a bottle of wine when invited over for dinner. In Quebec sending flowers in advance of the dinner party is a proper protocol and if you are to give wine, it should be the best quality you can afford. It is not good to give white lilies because they are used in funerals, and cash or money is not considered a good present. Eating Canadian have relatively relaxed and informal table manners except for Quebec which shows more formality. The guest waits to be shown where to seat. Hostess begins the eating, and the guest is to follow after the hostess. One is not to raise their elbows on the table. It is acceptable to leave small amounts of food at the end of the meal. In formal situations, the host gives the first toast. Gestures It is respectful to take off sunglasses or hat when speaking with someone. French Canadians use thumbs up to mean okay. The "okay" sign made by index finger and thumb means "zero". In Quebec,...
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...Three important cultural interactions from ‘Lost In Translation’: 1. Greeting Scene Bob arrives at the Park Hyatt Tokyo Hotel and is immediately greeted by his Japanese associates. They greet him with gifts and present their business cards instead of the casual handshaking or general conversation making to build rapport. It is evident that this scene demonstrates the honorifics in Japanese communication. This is incredibly crucial in terms of communicating as the Japanese addresses/refers to one another accordingly depending on their position. I find this scene to be interesting as the Japanese always demonstrate a sense of humbleness and respect for one another and expect these customs to uphold even with foreigners who may not yet fully understand what is expected of them. 2. Whiskey Commercial During Bob’s filming of the commercial, it is evident that there is a large language barrier between the director, the Japanese interpreter and himself. The director gives Bob instructions that seem to be incredibly complex and somewhat offensive due to his body language and tone of voice. However, the translator only interprets a few words from the director’s lengthy instructions and Bob becomes incredibly confused. It is evident that this scene demonstrates ambiguity (aimai) as the interpreter may not want to cause offence and conflict between the director and Bob. It also can be said that the interpreter didn’t want to abuse her position as an interpreter by being out...
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...experiences and/or beliefs differ from yours. Address your initial feelings, and how those feelings were or were not changed by this experience. This past summer I was blessed with the opportunity to go on a mission trip to New York City. Our mission in the morning was to help teach English Second Language class that was located in the Muslim community. I was very nervous going into the start of the trip because I was unfamiliar with the Muslim culture and had no clue as to how they would react being taught by Christian’s who also were attempting to spread Christianity to them. Much to my surprise the students of the class were extremely kind to us. They all greeted us with the American handshake and hello as well as a traditional formal greeting commonly practiced in the Muslim culture. The students were very attentive during class making it clear they were eager to learn the English language. Many of the students had been attending the class for several months to a few years, and wanted to do nothing more than stay and chat. They were all men from the ages of 30 to even 67, several of whom had doctorates in fields such as physics and chemistry and decided to quiz our skills in the subjects and were quite disappointed that we didn’t know a lot of information that to them in their home countries was considered basic knowledge. With their hospitality and friendliness my hesitant attitude quickly was diminished and I quickly became intrigued to learn about our cultural differences...
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...THE JORDANIAN ARABIC ETIQUETTE OF GREETING AND LEAVE-TAKING Abstract This study mainly talks about politeness of greetings in general and the sociolinguistic politeness in particular in the Jordanian society. It sheds light on the way Jordanian people greet each other in their daily life. Due to the fact that all human beings want to have a peaceful life, their way of communicating with each other has to be a polite one and therefore they adhere to a group of well-established conventions. By doing this, they make their life easier and show more respect, consideration and sentiment for those surrounding them. This study focuses on two important issues; the various patterns of Arabic greetings and the sociolinguistic factors that play an important role in the formation of these patterns. Greeting conventions used by Jordanian people are mainly taken from the Islamic teachings as well as the Arabic traditions. As previously mentioned, people adhere to these conventions in order to keep open and peaceful channels of communication with each other. This study also discusses the factors that play role in forming greetings by Jordanian people including gender, age, context of situation, and time. The sociolinguistic factors that play a role in forming greetings involve two rules; the socio-cultural and the socio-religious rules. Introduction This study aims to shed lights on the various patterns of greetings used by Jordanian people in their daily life. It is important...
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