...How Personal and Societal values can influence decision HCS350 As nurses we strongly believed that culture and religion have a significant effect on ethical decision-making. Health and medical care are strongly rooted in cultural and religious beliefs. Patients from other cultures and religion may find it difficult to accept the ethical decisions made in our culture. Leininger’s (1991) Culture Care Diversity and Universality theory of nursing emphasizes the importance of communication between nurses and patients to ensure that there is not a lack of humanity involved in nursing care (Ludwig & Silva, 2000). The theory also notes that when nurses care for international and culturally diverse patients, there is more likely to be communications disconnect (Ludwig & Silva, 2000). It is very important for nurses to be aware of our own cultural and religious values as well as biocultural differences in how the patient perceives the exam, responses to drugs, and healthcare practices (Ludwig & Silva, 2000). Ethical problems can arise over differences in how people of other religious view such things as withholding or withdrawing life support, restricting the resources given to elderly patients, and others (Hattar-Pollara, n.d.). We have to respect everybody beliefs and different ways they worship in their religions. Many times their religion and beliefs are completely different from what we are used to see. We need to understand how the patient’s culture and religion...
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...Running Head: WATSON AND PALEY: COMPARISON AND CONTRAST Watson and Paley: Comparison and Contrast Penelope K. Gates RNBC HCS350 Jean Watson received her nursing diploma from “Lewis-Gale School of Nursing” in Roanoke, VA, in 1961. She went on to complete her undergraduate and graduate studies at the University of Colorado. She obtained a “PhD” in educational psychology and counseling in 1973. Her primary work has been in the psychiatric field of nursing. Dr. Watson has taught many nursing courses through the years as well as did research and wrote numerous books and articles. Most of her work since 2000 has been on her theory and philosophy of caring. She has traveled and lectured across the world, studying and lecturing on her theories on nursing. In 1980, Watson and her associates started the “Center for Human Caring” at the University of Colorado (Alligood & Toomey, 2010, p. 92). Watson wrote her first book on the philosophy and science of nursing in 1979. She developed “10 carative factors”, which Watson describes as being the main ideas of nursing. The carative factors consider the persons involved in practice of caring. She believes in instilling faith and hope and being sensitive to self and others. Watson’s carative factors also are based on developing a trusting relationship with the person or patient. The creation of a healing environment that respects the wholeness and dignity of the person is a carative factor. Watson also looks at the human beings...
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