...BIOMECHANICS The term biomechanics means the study of the structure and function of biological systems using the methods of mechanics. Biomechanics studies the process of kinematics and used in the study of sports actions, such as the motion of throwing a baseball. Why do some golfers slice the ball? How can workers avoid developing low back pain? What cues can a physical education teacher provide to help students learn the underhand volleyball serve? Why do some elderly individuals tend to fall? We have all admired the fluid, graceful movements of highly skilled performers in various sports. We have also observed the awkward first steps of a young child, the slow progress of an injured person with a walking cast, and the hesitant, uneven gait of an elderly person using a cane. Virtually every activity class includes a student who seems to acquire new skills with utmost ease and a student who trips when executing a jump or misses the ball when attempting to catch, strike, or serve. What enables some individuals to execute complex movements so easily, while others appear to have difficulty with relatively simple movement skills? Although the answers to these questions may be rooted in physiological, psychological, or sociological issues, the problems identified are all biomechanical in nature. This book will provide a foundation for identifying, analyzing, and solving problems related to the biomechanics of human movement. Definition of Biomechanics The term biomechanics combines...
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...Jason Nikora Psych 1 10:15-12:20 M-Th 7/21/2015 Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Degenerative Cognitive Diseases Buck (2011) conducted an advanced review of current literature involving the growing issue of repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI) and its long lasting effects on creating degenerative cognitive diseases titled Mild Traumatic Brain Injury; A Silent Epidemic in Our Practices. MTBI can cause a host of degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and dementia pugilistica, as well as a multitude of sensory, emotional, behavioral, communicational, and intellectual issues. These can range from difficulty regarding memory or speaking to depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Repeated MTBI has proven to especially dangerous as it is often more difficult to diagnose due to the relatively minor immediate implications that it presents, as opposed to the more blunt and obvious symptoms of severe or moderate TBI. Buck (2011) states that “A diagnosis of severe or moderate TBI is relatively straightforward given the availability of diagnostic technology, including computer tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging. Mild injuries, however, are far more difficult to diagnosis”. This is due to an underreporting of MTBI by those who suffer from this variety of head trauma as the symptoms may be subdued enough in order to not cause an alarm as well as current technology not being able “to reliably detect the neural damage that...
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...Sport Helmet Use in Soccer Soccer is one of the most played sports in the world. The history of modern soccer dates back to 1815, when the Cambridge Rules were established. The Cambridge Rules eliminated shin kicking and tripping but did nothing for protection of the head for players. Soccer players are competitive by nature, and are willing to go all out to win the game. With that said, how are rule makers making the game safe for young and older athletes? The debate for head protection is at the forefront of modern sports and soccer is at the top of the list. Athletes, such as soccer players, are at a high risk of head or brain injury and youth soccer leagues, high schools, colleges, and professional leagues alike must take a stand to protect their players. There have been multitudes of recent studies on head and brain injuries in sports and the results are troubling. Jenna McLaughlin states that, “Scientific studies have shown that rates of injury in soccer are comparable to football, ice hockey, lacrosse, and rugby.” When most think of head injuries in sports, soccer seems to slip the minds of those in the conversation. Soccer has a high risk of head injuries that come from player-to-player contact, player-to-ground contact, and player-to-goalpost contact (McLaughlin 1). When looking at the impact of collisions from player-to-player contact, all aspects and possibilities must be considered. Soccer players can collide heads when driving the ball down field...
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...Andres Franco September 27th, 2010 Research Essay Can concussions affect brain function? The question whether concussions can affect brain function has been asked for years. Only recently medical researchers and scientists have found the answers to why concussions can affect the brain severely. Not only have they examined pro sport stars that have died due to concussions but also serial killers who have died or who are still in prison. Many pro football players suffer from concussions the most, since they do play head-on; the ones who have died from other natural deaths were examined. Some serial killers have also agreed to have their brain looked at for irregular brain function, and in both players and killers, there were either undeveloped frontal lobes or damaged frontal lobes. This was the answer they’ve been looking for not only to keep players safe that play pro sports, but to maybe save people from being a victim of homicide. Pro wrestler Chris Benoit suffered brain damage from his years in the ring and getting hit by metal chairs, rails, stairs, and even baseball bats. Maybe that could help explain why he killed his wife, son and also himself. A doctor who studied Benoit’s brain found out that his frontal lobe was damaged. Chris Benoit was a family man and everyone who knew him apart from wrestling, knew that that was most important to him. When he wasn’t wrestling he was with his family. In the ring he wasn’t so nice and his opponents weren’t either so they hit...
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...classroom.com soccer is known as one of the most popular sports in the world. The origin known as football, began outside the United States. It is played in various countries with individuals of all ages. The rule of soccer is for each team to consist of 11 players on each side of the field. The point of the game is each individual must be able to score the ball into the goal without using their hands or arms. Soccer is a very complicated sport because it deals with so much physics. Every movement that is made when playing soccer deals with a lot of motion, speed, velocity, and acceleration. Soccer is related to motion because the ball changes its position when moving across the field. Soccer incorporates the speed of the ball...
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...Should Headgear Be Required In Soccer? Currently, in youth sports, children under the age of 12 in clubs and recreational teams, are required to wear protective headgear in soccer. Some people can argue that players get concussions from heading the ball and say this new gear will protect you. The new headgear is an unnecessary protective measure because it doesn’t protect the head at all and the odds of getting a concussion are weak. Although a new headgear would be great for preventing concussions, it does not protect your head. Putting an object on your head, to protect you, is taking a needless measure of safety. According to Abby O’Connor(2018), if someone had the desire to cushion their skull, there would need to be 6 inches of memory...
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...Every second of every day, while you are out thinking about what to wear the next day others are wondering if it is there last or if there even is a tomorrow for them .Remember the cartoon show ”Winnie the pooh” each and every one of those characters had a brain disorder. Pooh suffered of an eating disorder that why he was obsessed with honey all the time, Piglet was diagnosed with anxiety that’s why he was scared all the time .Eeryore was cursed with depression, Tiger had a disorder called ADHD (hyper-active disorder).Christopher Robin was Schizophrenic .Brain disorders is like a bad computer virus it never goes away and if it does its all for awhile. A brain disorder can either be genetic or non-genetic, a genetic brain disorder is caused by a variation or mutation in a gene .A variation is a different form of gene. A mutation id a change in a gene. Genetics brain disorders affect the development and function of the brain. Some genetic brain disorders are due to random gene mutations or mutations caused by environmental exposure ,such as cigarette smoke .Other disorders are inherited ,which means that a mutation gene is passed or a group of genes is passed down through a family. They can also be due to a combination of both genetic changes and other outside factors. Many people with genetic brain disorders fail to produce enough of certain proteins that influence brain development and function .These brain disorders can cause serious problems that affect the nervous system...
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...Soccer It is also known as associative football. Soccer is so popular and is played in close to 200 countries. It is said to have originated in England in the nineteenth century. This game is played between two teams of eleven players. It is played on a rectangular field. The main objective of this game is to ensure that the spherical ball gets to the opposing goal. The goalkeepers are the only players that are allowed to touch the ball with their hands during play time. Each team has a single goalkeeper who is positioned at the goal post. Soccer is played within 90 minutes that is divided into two halves. Each half has 45minutes. Soccer is governed by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA). FIFA organizes the games for both men and women after every four years. FIFA has rules on how the field should be marked and its size. Here are some of the rules: It must be rectangular and between 50-100yards and 100-130 yards. The goal of the field is 8 feet high and 24 feet wide. The standard ball is black and white in color and between 27-28 inches circumference. In soccer, the main positions are the goalkeeper, defender, midfielder and attacker. Three or four defenders act as the last line of...
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...is blown and the ball is automatically dead. Also, it is important that the player is wearing the proper size helmet, not too tight or not too loose, and that the helmet is worn correctly. It is hoped for that a newer helmet design will be created in order to prevent further more drastic inclines of concussion rates. In the game of soccer, after an injury has occurred or just for the prevention of an injury some players wear headgear/ headband. It is said that the headgear/ headband is used to minimize the force of the ball while the player is heading the ball (S. Broglio, Ju, M. Broglio, &...
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...NOCO Soccer Academy is a successful youth soccer training program is the market that Dyer has been targeting. Dyer wants to grow his business enough to reach his strategic goal of building a sports complex for his business to occupy. Dyer needs to double his business in order to support this goal. In using S.W.O.T. analysis to evaluate NOCO’s current situation it is clear that NOCO has a number of things working for it already; customer retention is very high, awareness of NOCO in its’ current market is close to 100 percent and Dyer has access to enough trainer resources to continue his company’s growth. Some of the obstacles NOCO faces in working toward expansion are loss of customer base to high school sports programs after they reach 14 years old, a narrow selection of programs for current customers, lack of diversification and limited awareness of the company’s programs and philosophy in adjacent towns. Dyer could employ many operational strategies help reach his ultimate goal of a new sports complex. There are several opportunities available for NOCO to take advantage of with minimal threat or competition to worry about. Dyer has noticed that as the kids in his programs begin high school and start to participate in school sports, they tend to lose interest in the soccer programs he offers. Dyer might try product development by offering camps and training programs for the older students outside of their school and school sport schedules. Summer camps geared toward a general...
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...Pittsford. She is the most energetic of seven family bound to Pete and Judy Wambach.She began playing soccer at four years of age after her sister picked she expected to endeavor the diversion. Their mother took a gander at a book from the library revealing how to play the preoccupation, and starting there on soccer ended up being a bit of their family tradition. "I think I was raised to do what I do now", Wambach said in a meeting. "Growing up as the most energetic of seven was like being in a gathering circumstance, you understand an extensive variety of things ... I made sense of how to battle, my kin and sisters continually played with me on the same...
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...how two or more of the following helped you understand the inner feelings of a main character; dialogue, body language, gestures, special effects, camera techniques and soundtracks. In the film “Bend It like Beckham” directed by Gurinder Chadha we understand the inner feelings of the main character Jess Bhamra through special effects, body language and dialogue in three scenes. In the opening scene where a game is in progress between Manchester United vs Anderlecht, the director used special effects to show us what Jess felt about soccer and what her dreams are. He showed and helped us understand what Jess thought about soccer by using a special effect where Jess is added to the soccer game virtually in place of another player using technology, where she is playing the match and then Beckham passes her the ball and she scores by heading the ball into the goal. The director also shows us how Jess`s mother, Mrs Bhamra feels about Jess playing soccer by using special effects where her mother is in the news panel, again using technology where she is talking about how girls should not be running around in front of men wearing small shorts and uses gestures where she is showing her hand in reprimand and telling Jess to home straight away. The director uses body language and dialogue in the scene where Jess`s mother is praying to Guru Nanak and she is saying one thing many times “let Jess`s results be good” before letting Jess open her results. This shows that her mother really cares...
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...Assignment Title: Changing Our Lives Name: Professors Name: Course Title: Eng090 Date: 4/22/2012 Changing Our Lives At this time in my life, after thinking long and hard about what I’m doing and where I’m heading, I came to the conclusion that going to college would be the best thing to do for myself and my future. I was living on a small island in Greece playing soccer for a professional team. I loved playing soccer because it was fun and it made me happy. While I was playing in a game I got seriously injured to my knee and needed surgery. After my knee surgery I wasn’t able to play the same way and after much thought I decided to stop playing soccer. A friend’s friend offered me a job as a waiter in one of the hotels on the island. I didn’t like working as a waiter and I didn’t see myself doing it for the rest of my life. My salary was not enough to live on, especially for what I had to go through with customers and other staff on a daily basis. Working as a waiter wasn’t for me. Living on a small island with tourism as the biggest source of income providing just a few months out of the year as a time where you can find employment was difficult. For the rest of the year, work was hard to find and so I spent the rest of...
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...Assignment Title: Changing Our Lives Name: Professors Name: Course Title: Eng090 Date: 4/22/2012 Changing Our Lives At this time in my life, after thinking long and hard about what I’m doing and where I’m heading, I came to the conclusion that going to college would be the best thing to do for myself and my future. I was living on a small island in Greece playing soccer for a professional team. I loved playing soccer because it was fun and it made me happy. While I was playing in a game I got seriously injured to my knee and needed surgery. After my knee surgery I wasn’t able to play the same way and after much thought I decided to stop playing soccer. A friend’s friend offered me a job as a waiter in one of the hotels on the island. I didn’t like working as a waiter and I didn’t see myself doing it for the rest of my life. My salary was not enough to live on, especially for what I had to go through with customers and other staff on a daily basis. Working as a waiter wasn’t for me. Living on a small island with tourism as the biggest source of income providing just a few months out of the year as a time where you can find employment was difficult. For the rest of the year, work was hard to find and so I spent the rest of...
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...Positions on the Soccer Field There are 11 positions on the soccer field, but they always fall into four broad categories. Even in smaller games, the number of players in each category may change, but by and large, the positions do not. The Goalkeeper The goalkeeper is the only player allowed to use his hands and that can only occur within the confines of the penalty area. There are never more that two goalkeepers on the field at any time — one on each team. The goalkeeper’s uniform is different from the rest of his team’s to make it obvious which player may use his hands. The jersey, often with long sleeves, is colored to clash with the others. And since the 1970s, goalkeepers have worn gloves to both protect their hands and enhance their grip on the ball. Some of the best goalkeepers in the world are Gianluigi Buffon of Italy and Iker Casillas of Spain. The Defenders A defender’s primary duty is to win back the ball from the opposition and prevent them from scoring. Teams play with anywhere from three to five at the back and each member of the defense tends to have a different, yet equally important duty. The defenders stationed in the center of the back line (known as central defenders or center backs) tend to be some of the taller and stronger members of the team since they so frequently have to win the ball in the air. They go forward very little, except on set pieces, and hold a position of great responsibility. The defenders on the flanks (known as wingbacks...
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