...In Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) cells, encoded DAT genes attached to Yellow Fluorescent Protein (YFP) genes, with the use of a plasmid, created DAT and YFP proteins. Fluorescence in the cell was caused by two antibodies. Materials. Conducting this experiment required the use of Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS), 3.7% paraformaldehyde in PBS (Fixing Solution), PBS + 10% FBS + 0.1% triton X- 100 (blocking agents), 250ul/coverslip Rat Anti-DAT, 1:750 , 250 ul/coverslip Alexa 546 Chicken Anti-Rat-DAT 1:1000 , DMEM (supplemented with 10% FBS and pen-strep, 0.25% trypsin solution), T-25 flask, 6-well plate, and a CO2 incubator....
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...Hek et al (1996) suggested Research is imperative in healthcare today and is part of the evidence-based practice that underpins nursing. Burns & Grove (1999) further proclaimed critiquing research involves careful examination of all aspects of a study, to judge strengths, limitations, meaning and significance. Research is critiqued to provide knowledge, improve practice and provide essential data for conducting further studies. The aim of this assignment is to critique a chosen piece of nursing research, to analyse the rigor and validity using a critical framework as guidelines. Although, many critical frameworks exist, the one to be utilised in this assignment shall be Benton and Cormack's framework (1996). Using the systematic headings within the chosen frameworks will help to facilitate the understanding and preparation for the journal article to be critiqued (see appendix 1). The article to be critiqued is located in the Journal of Advanced Nursing (2007) which evaluates the valuing of altruism in nursing students (Johnson, Haigh and Yates-Bolton (2007). Benton and Cormack's framework is initiated by looking at the following; Title The details or the vagueness within the title alone can decide whether the research report is read or not suggested Parahoo (1997). When the author examines the subject matter which shall be appraised in this instance, it is evident that the title is informative with the first part explaining the research which has been conducted...
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...qualitative and quantitative paradigms is an essential skill for occupational therapists. It is this skill, integrated with expertise gained from clinical practice that underpins evidence based practice (EBP). Although there are many definitions of EBP, Muir Gray (1997) defines it as “an approach to decision making in which the clinician uses the best evidence available, in consultation with the patient, to decide upon the option which suits the patient best." The purpose of this assignment is to enable the development of skills in critical analysis by critiquing a research article, which will contribute to further development of knowledge and skills in using EBP in clinical settings. A framework developed by Hek and Moule (2006) (see pages 3- ) has been used to guide the critique of a research article. A framework was used as Caldwell et al (2010 pg e1) argue that “ frameworks assist the novice healthcare practitioner with learning about approaches to research by giving consideration to aspects of the similarities and differences between the qualitative and quantitative research paradigms.” This framework was chosen as it is comprehensive and covers points/questions raised during the critiquing process, although it is important to remember that it is not a definitive checklist and other questions may be asked during the critiquing process. The method, results and discussion sections of a qualitative research article by ...
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...I work as a community nurse and I have recently become intrigued about one of my patients requiring treatment for a leg ulcer. For the purpose of this assignment I shall call her MA, because as a nurse and a professional I have professional and ethical duty to protect patient identities (Quacker Nursing Council [QNC]2010). My rationale for selection of topic is that Leg ulcers (LU) cost this country’s health service an estimated 200million quars per year in hospitalisation fees for those individuals who do not have health insurance (Quacker Health Board [QHB] 2012, Wilson 2010). An outline of LU is provided in Appendix One, while Appendix two provides a synopsis of MA and her LU. Community nurses are increasingly seeing patients with LU as insurers only pay for three episodes of treatment for one condition (Medins 2011). This disadvantages those patients like MA, as if they have a long term or chronic condition they may not receive treatment or care and this in turn will raise the country’s morbidity and mortality rates. In the UK the Government provides all healthcare free at the point of delivery and prevention of ill- Health and patient’s taking responsibility for managing their own illness or disease is viewed as an important Public Health Strategy ( DH 2010). In this assignment I will discuss strengths and limitations of evidence based practice (EBP),sourcing different forms of evidence which will enable me to provide the best evidence-based practice I can for my patients...
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...Clinically Induced Hypothermia in the Management of Severe Head Injury: A Review of the Evidence PAGE 1. Title Page 2. Acknowledgements 3. Contents 4-5. Abstract 6-7. Introduction 8-11. Methods 9. i) Inclusion & Exclusion Criteria 10. ii) Limitations of Search 11. iii) Critical Framework 12-26. Critical Review of the Data 13. i) Study Aims & Design 19. ii) Sampling & Controls 25. iii) Results 27-36. Discussion 32. i) Implications for Practice 37-41. References 42. Appendix 1) – The Four Stages of Research 43. Appendix 2) – Database Search (Hard Copy Only) 44-49. Appendix 3) – Example (1) Using the CASP Framework 50-55. Appendix 3) – Example (2) Using the CASP Framework 56. Appendix 4) – Summary of Studies (Hard Copy Only) 57. Appendix 5) – Intracranial Pressures 58. Appendix 6) – Type 1 & 2 Errors 59. Appendix 7) – The Hawthorne Effect 60. Appendix 8) – The Glasgow Outcome Score 61. Appendix 9) – The Hierarchy of Evidence ABSTRACT Medically induced hypothermia has been used as a neuro-protector to try and limit the consequences of severe brain injury for more than fifty years but it is only recently that its effectiveness has been assessed using randomised controlled trials. Under certain circumstances clinically induced hypothermia has already been proven to be beneficial by providing a degree of neuroprotection in post-cardiac arrest patients. As such it has recently...
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...hermaphrodite self-fertilizes there’s about a 0.1% chance that a male will arise. Hermaphroditic self-mating allows efficient generation of recessive mutants and a single hermaphrodite has about 300 progeny. Ethyl Methanesulfonate (EMS) is a chemical that adds an alkyl groups to nucleotides, it is considered a chemical mutagen. Using this mutagen on the P0 generation of C.elegans and examining F2 generations, the mutation VAB-1 is of interest for this lab. This mutation expresses a phenotype of a notched head (Figure-1). By examining the F2 generation for this particular phenotype, isolation and replication of that phenotype will be goal of this lab. The VAB_1 mutation is most similar (59% identical, 72% similarity) to that of human EphA3/Hek [4]. The EphA3 is associated with protein-tyrosine kinases that show to be silenced in leukemia. Also EphA3 numbers and expression levels were decreased in lung cancers...
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...not for everybody. They got this image of an exclusive beer because a Heineken beer was twice as expensive as a normal beer. Heineken distinguished it self in the American market because the Dutch beer had an alcohol percentage of 5%, whereas the American beers had a percentage of 3%. Heinekens break through found place in the ’70, when the prosperity in the USA rose, the people could afford the exclusive Heineken beer. Heineken did not only have successes in emerging markets or with introducing new products. One of their failures was the introduction of the Buckler beer in The Netherlands; Buckler beer was a beer with a very low percentage of alcohol, almost alcohol-free. The beer failed because a Dutch comedian named ‘’ Yoep van ‘t Hek’’ made fun of the non-alcoholic beer. The impact was enormous. Heineken tried tied to revive Buckler, but it was in vain. Although the Buckler failed in The Netherlands, Heineken had huge successes in other...
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...Pedang Ular Merah Karya : Kho Ping Hoo Djvu : Widodo & Dewi KZ Converter : Hendra & Dewi KZ Ebook pdf oleh : Dewi KZ Tiraikasih Website http://kangzusi.com/ http://dewi-kz.info/ http://cerita-silat.co.cc/ http://kang-zusi.info Jilid 01 Pegunungan tai hang san di perbatasan Mongolia merupakan daerah pegunungan yang amat luas dan di situ penuh dengan hutan-hutan liar yang jarang dikunjungi manusia. Di puncak bukit yang paling ujung yakni di bagian barat terdapat sebuah hutan yang benarbenar masih liar dan belum pernah ada manusia berani memasukinya. Hutan ini terkenal menjadi sarang binatang buas, terutama sekali banyak terdapat ular berbisa semacam ular yang berkulit merah dan tidak terdapat di lain bagian dunia akan tetapi yang banyak terdapat di hutan itu, membuat hutan itu dinamakan hutan ular merah. Pada suatu pagi yang sejuk dengan sinar matahari yang cerah terdengarlah suara nyaring dan merdu dari seorang anak perempuan berusia paling banyak enam tahun, anak itu mungil dan cantik sekali dengan sepasang matanya yang bening kocak dan dua kuncir rambutnya yang panjang dan hitam. Tiap kali ia menggerakkan kepalanya, kuncirnya itu menyabet ke kanan ke kiri dan kalau kuncirnya melewati pundak lalu jatuh bergantung di atas pundaknya ke depan, ia tampak lucu dan manis. Sambil memetik bunga-bunga hutan yang beraneka warna, anak ini bernyanyi dengan merdu. Akan tetapi sungguh mengherankan suaranya yang amat merdu itu bcrlawanan sekali dengan kata-kata nyanyiannya yang dapat...
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...Abstract: Aim: To search and critically review research literature, concerning management and technique of compression bandaging. Background: Compression bandaging is required for venous leg ulcers, which is due to damage and loss of skin above the ankle that is the result of a problem with the veins in the leg. Although leg ulcers are not a life-threatening condition, it can have considerable effects, not only on health, but also on the quality of life, self-esteem and healthcare cost. Method: Extended literature review, to extrapolate best available evidence, in order to address the focus question. Computerised and manual searches of previous literature were used; refining searches by means of constantly re-evaluating inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Eight (8) articles were decided upon, seven (7) of which were quantitative and one (1) which was qualitative in design. Two main themes emerged from these articles, that of management strategies for leg ulcers and technique of applying compression bandages. Recommendations: Episodes of venous ulceration can be reduced with management strategies, such as graduated compression therapy with comprehensive technique. However, without further education for nurses and patients towards compression therapy, venous ulceration will prolong and management strategies will fail. Conclusion: Knowledge of compression bandaging technique needs to be increased through further training/education. ...
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...Secular Organizations and Sacred Places Paper Team C Tammy Gillespie, Mary Gurganus, Nicole Plescher, Charles Zack, Joseph Cruz HUM 105 University of Phoenix April 11, 2011 Introduction Sacred places are critical elements in the mythic traditions that Team C has been studying and the stories surrounding the world’s myths are important as well. The stories surrounding the sacred places are important as the mythic breaks into today’s present high technological world, with the boundary crossings from the past to the present world today. The stories can come from a sacred sight, a secular organization, or some site with supernatural revelation that can link the past to the present with the myths (stories) told about an ancient people, or an ancient civilization through the myths. Stories about sacred places allow today’s humanity to see past versus present, realistic versus mythological, or spiritual versus materialistic (University of Phoenix, 2011). Team C ran across an article that showed a new sacred site in today’s world that will seem ancient to the future generations, but not for today’s generation...
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...The intention of this assignment is to provide an analytical evaluation of selected research literature published in the Nursing Education Today titled ‘A caring professional attitude’: What service users and carers seek in graduate nurses and the challenge for educators (Griffiths et al, 2012). Strengths and limitations of the research will be appraised in addition to varying methodologies utilised via the logical constructive framework or Coughlan critique guidelines (Ryan et al, 2007). The choice of article was resultant of renewed interest in contemporary nursing abilities and the controversy surrounding service user perspectives and the provision of quality care. Hence, a systematic inquiry into patient’s desires and expectations within the professional arena of paediatrics will aid independent and future development of the patient-nurse relationship, improve responsiveness and place a greater emphasis on the prerequisite standards of proficiency in education. Furthermore, the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2010) dictate integration and assessment of research are an integral part of the nursing profession in order to advance comprehension and inform practice in a holistic manner through a strong evidence base. According to Ryan, et al. (2007) a plausible title should capture the reader’s attention through identification of the phenomena (What is sought in graduate nurses) and the population under investigation (carers and service users). Whilst this is reflective of...
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...Executive Summary Joint venture is method or an approach which allows companies to further their interest internationally without taxing their resources b having a partner who is compatible to work on the project albeit in short term or long term project. Joint venture allows companies to pool their resources together and benefit each of the companies in reaching their potential. Apart from that, joint venture also allows company to complement each other short coming with what they do best. This is evidently shown when discussing Daicel Evonik Ltd where Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd and Huels AG complement each other in term market knowledge and technological capabilities know-how among them. But then, joint venture does have limitation where culture plays an important barrier to achieve success. In Danone Co. Ltd and Wahaha Co. Ltd which will be discussed further, the dissolution of ventureship between these two companies can be attribute to communication particularly in conflict management. Thus, managing cultural differences is important especial in term of managing conflict among the partners. Conflicts are parts of life and may appear in any organization. They particularly often occur in hybrid organizations whose parents coming from different cultures, different countries with different ways of thinking and doing things. Knowing how to management conflict with proactive approach (minimize conflicts to happen) and reactive approach (resolve conflicts) is crucial for firms...
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...Magi er en del af menneskets natur Af: Jesper Sørensen, lektor, Institut for Kultur og Samfund, Aarhus Universitet 7. juni 2014 kl. 11:44 TÆNKEPAUSER: Magi er ikke et overstået kapitel i menneskets historie. Det hører ikke blot fortiden til. Menneskets tro på magi er så dybt indgroet i os, at vores tendens til magisk tænkning altid vil komme til udtryk. Også her i det 21. århundrede. Forestillingen om, at bestemte typer objekter, adfærd eller begivenheder kan påvirke til et bestemt udfald, er vidt udbredt. Fodboldspillere bruger eksempelvis bestemte beklædningsgenstande, ritualer eller amuletter for at få heldet på deres side. Nogle binder altid snørebåndene på den højre støvle før den venstre, andre placerer bolden på en bestemt måde før et straffespark. Disse forsøg på at få kontrol over usikkerheden skyldes måske, at menneskets overlevelse i det meste af dets historie har været underkastet særdeles usikre vilkår. For ikke så længe siden var de store spørgsmål, vi stillede os selv, om der er byttedyr i de traditionelle jagtområder? Kan vi afværge risikoen for selv at blive bytte for rovdyr eller fjender? Vil vi få en tilstrækkelig høst, så vi selv og familien ikke skal sulte? Verden er grundlæggende usikker Vi har altid været underkastet kræfter, vi ikke selv har kontrol over. Selv i det 21. århundredes industrialiserede samfund, hvor mennesket har opnået en hidtil uset grad af kontrol med omgivelserne, sniger usikkerheden sig ind. Vi ved ikke, om netop...
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...PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR CHILD’S WEIGHT Introduction Obesity is on the increase, so much so that it is now widely referred to as an epidemic of obesity (Hall and Elliman, 2006). Shepherd (2009) defines obesity as excess body fat primarily caused by a shift in the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure over a period of time. The consequences of obesity in childhood can include breathing problems/sleep apnoea, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and not to mention the psychological problems associated with low-self esteem and depression (Stewart, 2008). Recent government statistics show that in children aged 2 – 15 years, almost one-third, are classed as overweight with 29% classed as being obese (Information Centre, 2008a). The National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) found that in 2008, of the children who were measured, one in four aged 4 – 5 year olds and one in three aged 10 – 11 year olds was either overweight or obese. School nurses are involved in implementing the National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP), which involves weighing and measuring all children in Reception and Year 6. This involves sending the results out to parents along with information on healthy eating and exercise with the hopes that this information will enable parents to make more informed choices and seek help to improve their family’s lifestyle (The Information Centre, 2008b). Having been involved in this process last year, we sent out the results and...
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...EDUCATION FOR STREET CHILDREN: A CASE STUDY OF CHETONA BIKASH KENDRA Mohiuddin Ahmad Community Development Library (CDL) INTRODUCTION Background and context Community Development Library (CDL) has been working mainly in the fields of development information and communication since its inception in 1980. CDL was established with a mission to deliver development information to activists and organizations that are working in the broad areas of research, human development and right-based works. Among them are catalysts in different fields including academics, planners, development practitioners, cultural activists, political activists, human rights activists, peace activists, environmentalists, feminists, journalists, researchers, teachers, trade unionists and community leaders. The target audience is engaged in activities intending to change the quality of life of the people, particularly the disadvantaged groups of the society. Mission of CDL CDL believes that 'information' is the critical missing link between ignorance and enlightenment, between poverty and prosperity, between dehumanization and empowerment. The vulnerable people and the communities have little or no access to vital information, particularly information on availability of and access to resources. CDL feels that a wellplanned effort encompassing collection, processing and dissemination of information would help in attaining the required level of awareness in the society and, in turn, would accelerate the process...
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