...The Hexadecimal Company I. Problems: A. Macro 1. OD group not respected in company – save for the President, a large number think it is a waste of time & money (700K/yr). 2. OD group disgruntled after meeting – half the group considers leaving . 3. OD group meeting resistance in implementing change. 4. Financial stress of group on company. A. Micro 1. OD group appears to have no clear goals or objectives beyond its own function. 2. Training program has bred resentment. 3. OD relationship with company changed after suggestion to place them under HR w/ Indra as the primary contact. II. Causes: 1. OD group reported to president, who was often absent and acted without oversight. 2. President did not address entire OD group, but primarily Kay & Indra to a lesser extent. 3. No clear goals or objectives set by President/committee or from OD group created III. Systems affected: 1. Structural – moving OD to HR instead of an independent entity & establishment of Indra as the primary contact. 2. Psychosocial – build relationship between OD & the other departments. With suggested restructuring. Two members of OD group want to leave – may not be the best fit for those members. 3. Technical – appear to have technical knowledge that may benefit company – training programs. 4. Managerial – the management currently seems to be comfortable in their positions and performance. Zoltar appears to leave the majority of the decisions up to the committee. Zoltar is also...
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...in September of 2000. Illustrations reworked in standard graphic (eps and jpeg) format. Source files translated to Texinfo format for easy online and printed publication. • Third Edition: Printed in February 2001. Source files translated to SubML format. SubML is a simple markup language designed to easily convert to other markups like A LTEX, HTML, or DocBook using nothing but search-and-replace substitutions. • Fourth Edition: Printed in March 2002. Additions and improvements to 3rd edition. ii Contents 1 NUMERATION SYSTEMS 1.1 Numbers and symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Systems of numeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Decimal versus binary numeration . . . . . . . 1.4 Octal and hexadecimal numeration . . . . . . 1.5 Octal and hexadecimal to decimal conversion . 1.6 Conversion from decimal numeration . . . . . ....
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...1 2 Acknowledgements p.1 tr ©iStockphoto.com/Dennys Bisogno, etc t = top, b = bottom, l = left, r = right, c = centre Computer hardware and software brand names mentioned in this book are protected by their respective trademarks and are acknowledged. Scratch is developed by the Lifelong Kindergarten Group at the MIT Media Lab. See http://scratch.mit.edu Every effort has been made to trace all copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. Although every effort has been made to ensure that website addresses are correct at time of going to press, Hodder Education cannot be held responsible for the content of any website mentioned in this book. It is sometimes possible to find a relocated web page by typing in the address of the home page for a website in the URL window of your browser. Photo credits p.1 © peno – Fotolia; p.15 © Dmitrydesigner/Fotolia; p.16 ©iStockphoto.com/Karl Yamashita; p.57 © Romanchuck – Fotolia; p.58 t © C Squared Studios/Photodisc/Getty Images, m ©Dmitriy Melnikov - Fotolia.com, b © Popova Olga/Fotolia; p.59 © picsfive – Fotolia; p.65 © Manfred Schmidt – Fotolia.com; p.67 © dja65 – Fotolia; p.68 © Konstantin Shevtsov – Fotolia; p.69 t © Miguel Navarro/Stone/Getty Images, b © Piero Cruciatti/Alamy; p.73 © Jamdesign/Fotolia; p.78 and 79 © adisa – Fotolia; p.81 © Mykola Mazuryk – Fotolia; p.82 t © Mauro Rodrigues/Fotolia...
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...The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C Second Edition Muhammad Ali Mazidi Janice Gillispie Mazidi Rolin D. McKinlay CONTENTS Introduction to Computing The 8051 Microcontrollers 8051 Assembly Language Programming Branch Instructions I/O Port Programming 8051 Addressing Modes Arithmetic & Logic Instructions And Programs 8051 Programming in C 8051 Hardware Connection and Hex File 8051 Timer/Counter Programming in Assembly and C 8051 Serial Port Programming in Assembly and C Interrupts Programming in Assembly and C 8051 Interfacing to External Memory 8051 Real World Interfacing I: LCD,ADC AND SENSORS LCD and Keyboard Interfacing 8051 Interfacing with 8255 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly and C Mazidi, Mazidi and McKinlay Chung-Ping Young 楊中平 Home Automation, Networking, and Entertainment Lab Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University, TAIWAN OUTLINES Numbering and coding systems Digital primer Inside the computer HANEL Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University, TAIWAN 2 NUMBERING AND CODING SYSTEMS Decimal and Binary Number Systems Human beings use base 10 (decimal) arithmetic There are 10 distinct symbols, 0, 1, 2, …, 9 Computers use base 2 (binary) system There are only 0 and 1 These two binary digits are commonly referred to as bits HANEL Department of Computer...
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...The following tutorial will help you understand the conversion from binary to decimal numbers and decimal to binary numbers, quickly and easily…. Decimal to Binary Decimal numbers use Base 10 Binary numbers use Base 2 8 bits = 1 Byte Study the following chart and the comments by each line or section… | | 8 bits | 7 bits | 6 bits | 5 bits | 4 bits | 3 bits | 2 bits | 1bit | Base 2 | | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | DecimalWeight value of each bit | | 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | Decimal to binary… | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Do you see the pattern? 1 = 00000001 0+0+0+0+0+0+1 (the 1 bit is in the 20 position, the 20 position value="1). 2 = 00000010 0+0+0+0+0+0+1+0 = (the 1 is in the 21 position, the 21 position value="2) 3 = 00000011 0+0+0=0+0+0+1+1 = (the 1 is in the 21 and 20 positions, the 20 value="1" and the 21 value="2" therefore, 2 +1 = 3). 4 = 00000100 0+0+0+0+0+1+0+0 = (the 1 is in the 22 position. The 22 value="4) Always start from left to right on the chart (highest to lowest number). Try the following exercises… Change the following decimal numbers into binary and vice-versa. I have done the first one for you, you do the rest... Make sure you know where your digits are coming from… Decimal...
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...Introduction to Binary Numbers How Computers Store Numbers Computer systems are constructed of digital electronics. That means that their electronic circuits can exist in only one of two states: on or off. Most computer electronics use voltage levels to indicate their present state. For example, a transistor with five volts would be considered "on", while a transistor with no voltage would be considered "off." Not all computer hardware uses voltage, however. CD-ROM's, for example, use microscopic dark spots on the surface of the disk to indicate "off," while the ordinary shiny surface is considered "on." Hard disks use magnetism, while computer memory uses electric charges stored in tiny capacitors to indicate "on" or "off." These patterns of "on" and "off" stored inside the computer are used to encode numbers using the binary number system. The binary number system is a method of storing ordinary numbers such as 42 or 365 as patterns of 1's and 0's. Because of their digital nature, a computer's electronics can easily manipulate numbers stored in binary by treating 1 as "on" and 0 as "off." Computers have circuits that can add, subtract, multiply, divide, and do many other things to numbers stored in binary. How Binary Works The decimal number system that people use every day contains ten digits, 0 through 9. Start counting in decimal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, Oops! There are no more digits left. How do we continue counting with only ten digits? We add a second...
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...This page contains all the built-in VBScript functions. The page is divided into following sections: Date/Time Functions Function | Description | CDate | Converts a valid date and time expression to the variant of subtype Date | Date | Returns the current system date | DateAdd | Returns a date to which a specified time interval has been added | DateDiff | Returns the number of intervals between two dates | DatePart | Returns the specified part of a given date | DateSerial | Returns the date for a specified year, month, and day | DateValue | Returns a date | Day | Returns a number that represents the day of the month (between 1 and 31, inclusive) | FormatDateTime | Returns an expression formatted as a date or time | Hour | Returns a number that represents the hour of the day (between 0 and 23, inclusive) | IsDate | Returns a Boolean value that indicates if the evaluated expression can be converted to a date | Minute | Returns a number that represents the minute of the hour (between 0 and 59, inclusive) | Month | Returns a number that represents the month of the year (between 1 and 12, inclusive) | MonthName | Returns the name of a specified month | Now | Returns the current system date and time | Second | Returns a number that represents the second of the minute (between 0 and 59, inclusive) | Time | Returns the current system time | Timer | Returns the number of seconds since 12:00 AM | TimeSerial | Returns the time for a specific hour...
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...Dashain Vacation Home Assignment-2069 Grade XI, Science Note: Home assignments of each subject should be done in different copies/papers. English 1. Write an essay on ‘Dashain and its significance in Hindu Religion’. 2. Prepare a report on ‘Global Warming, its consequences and solutions’. 3. Write an article on ‘Importance of Media’. 4. Write on ‘English for Global education’. Mathematics 1. Find the angle between the pair of straight lines x2 -2secAxy +y2= 0. 2. Evaluate: limx→∞ 3x2-2x+5x3 3. Prove that: A-B=B-A 4. Define lower triangular matrix with an example. 5. Find the equation of circle concentric with the circle x2+ y2 – 6x + 12y + 15 = 0 and having the area twice the area of the given circle. 6. For any two real numbers x and y, prove that |x+y| ≤ |x| + |y|. 7. What do you mean by tautology of compound statement? Give an example of it. 8. For any positive constant ‘a’ and for any real number ‘x’ , prove that |x| < a ⇒ -a < x < a. 10. Prove that the tangent to the circle x2+y2=5 at the point (1,-2) also touches the circle x2 + y2 - 8x + 6y + 20 = 0 and find the point of contact. 11. If P is the length of perpendicular dropped from the origin of the line xa + yb = 1 prove that 1a2 + 1b2 = 1 p2. 12. Find the equation of the circle with centre at (4, -1) and passing through the origin. 13. Evaluate; limx→osin(x-a)x-a 14. Define absolute value of a real number. Rewrite the following relation without using...
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...Decimal - Binary - Octal - Hex – ASCII Conversion Chart Decimal Binary Octal Hex ASCII Decimal Binary 0 1 00000000 000 00 00000001 001 01 2 00000010 002 3 00000011 4 5 Octal Hex ASCII Decimal Binary Octal Hex ASCII Decimal Binary 00100000 040 20 00100001 041 21 SP 64 ! 65 01000000 100 40 01000001 101 41 34 00100010 042 22 “ 66 01000010 102 35 00100011 043 23 # 67 01000011 68 69 70 71 72 73 * + NUL 32 SOH 33 @ 96 A 97 02 STX 42 B 003 03 ETX 103 43 C 00000100 004 04 EOT 36 00100100 044 24 $ 00000101 005 05 ENQ 37 00100101 045 25 % 01000100 104 44 D 100 01100100 144 64 d 01000101 105 45 E 101 01100101 145 65 e 6 00000110 006 06 ACK 38 00100110 046 26 & 7 00000111 007 07 BEL 39 00100111 047 27 ‘ 01000110 106 46 F 102 01100110 146 66 f 01000111 107 47 G 103 01100111 147 67 g 8 00001000 010 08 BS 40 00101000 050 28 ( 9 00001001 011 09 HT 41 00101001 051 29 ) 01001000 110 48 H 104 01101000 150 68 h 01001001 111 49 I 105 ...
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...Binary Decimal Octal and Hexadecimal number systems A number can be represented with different base values. We are familiar with the numbers in the base 10 (known as decimal numbers), with digits taking values 0,1,2,…,8,9. A computer uses a Binary number system which has a base 2 and digits can have only TWO values: 0 and 1. A decimal number with a few digits can be expressed in binary form using a large number of digits. Thus the number 65 can be expressed in binary form as 1000001. The binary form can be expressed more compactly by grouping 3 binary digits together to form an octal number. An octal number with base 8 makes use of the EIGHT digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7. A more compact representation is used by Hexadecimal representation which groups 4 binary digits together. It can make use of 16 digits, but since we have only 10 digits, the remaining 6 digits are made up of first 6 letters of the alphabet. Thus the hexadecimal base uses 0,1,2,….8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F as digits. To summarize Decimal : base 10 Binary : base 2 Octal: base 8 Hexadecimal : base 16 Decimal, Binary, Octal, and Hex Numbers Decimal 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Binary 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 Octal 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Hexadecimal 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F Conversion of binary to decimal ( base 2 to base 10) Each position of binary digit can be replaced by an equivalent power of 2 as shown below...
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...COIS 1010 Final Exam Review Short Answer Questions: 1. What is the difference between a class and an object. Use an example. Class: A template for creating an object, a general category. Ex// Animals or Buildings Object: A specific thing that encompasses the functions of the class it belongs to, but is individualized. Ex// Rocky (my dog) or My house 2. Differentiate between a sequential and simultaneous (concurrent) action block in Alice. Give an Example. Sequential: In order Ex// Do in Order function - rabbit moves, then turtle moves, then hamster moves. Simultaneous: At the same time/Together Ex// Do Together function - the rabbit, turtle and hamster move. 3. When creating programs (Worlds) in Alice, it was suggested that you use an Incremental Development Process (IDP). What does that mean and what is its primary advantage? IDP: Working on one thing at a time. Advantage: One can text functions/expressions as they are implemented to make sure that have the desired affect. 4. Describe four types of Control Structures available in Alice. i) Do in order - actions occur in sequential order. ii) Do together - actions occur simultaneously. iii) If/Else - if a certain action occurs another action will be done, if a certain action does not occur then a different action will result. iv) Loop - an action will occur continuously for a certain number of times or infinitely. 5. Describe the differences between wired and...
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...bottom of the page. HINT: Use the scientific calculator on your computer (Calc.exe) to check your work; click on View – Scientific in XP, or View – Programmer in Windows 7. Part A: Counting in Binary, Decimal, and Hexadecimal. Fill in the symbols and digits below. Binary Decimal Hexadecimal Binary Decimal Hexadecimal 0000 0 0 1000 8 8 0001 1 1 1001 9 9 0010 2 2 1010 10 A 0011 3 3 1011 11 B 0100 4 4 1100 12 C 0101 5 5 1101 13 D 0110 6 6 1110 14 E 0111 7 7 1111 15 F Part B: Binary to Decimal and Hexadecimal. Complete the chart. Add h to each hex number. Fill in the power of 2’s as well. *2^ means “2 to the power of”; for example, 2^5 = 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 = 64 No. Binary (1 Byte format) 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Decimal Hexa-decimal *2^ 2^ 25 2^ 2^ 22 2^ 2^ 1 11001100 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 128+64+8+4=204 CCh 2 10101010 3 11100011 4 10110011 5 00110101 6 00011101 7 01000110 8 10110001 9 11000001 10 11110000 Part C: Decimal to Binary: Complete the following table to practice converting a number from decimal notation to binary format. Mark each hexadecimal number with h. No. Decimal 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Add them up to check Hexadecimal 11 49 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 32+16+1=49; 0011=3;0001=1 31h 12 15 13 77 14 140 15 252 16 222 17 192 18 169 19...
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...NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST To Purchase this tutorial visit following link http://wiseamerican.us/product/netw-202-week-5-lab-report-latest/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@WISEAMERICAN.US NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST SECTION 1: Converting Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal SECTION 11: Classifying Network Addressing NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST SECTION 1: Converting Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal SECTION 11: Classifying Network Addressing NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST SECTION 1: Converting Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal SECTION 11: Classifying Network Addressing NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST SECTION 1: Converting Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal SECTION 11: Classifying Network Addressing NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST SECTION 1: Converting Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal SECTION 11: Classifying Network Addressing NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST SECTION 1: Converting Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal SECTION 11: Classifying Network Addressing NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST SECTION 1: Converting Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal SECTION 11: Classifying Network Addressing NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST SECTION 1: Converting Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal SECTION 11: Classifying Network Addressing NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST SECTION 1: Converting Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal SECTION 11: Classifying Network Addressing NETW 202 WEEK 5 LAB REPORT LATEST ...
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...in the number * The base of the number system (where base is defined as the total number of digits available in the number system). TYPES OF NUMBER SYSTEM: There are four types of number systems: * Binary number system * Decimal number system * Octal number system * Hexadecimal number system BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM In mathematics and computer science, the binary numeral system, or base-2 numeral system, represents numeric values using two symbols: typically 0 and 1. More specifically, the usual base-2 system is a positional notation with a radix of 2. Numbers represented in this system are commonly called binary numbers. And it is also the most commonly number system in computer DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM The decimal numeral system (also called base ten or occasionally denary) has ten as its base. It is the numerical base most widely used by modern civilizations. OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM The octal, or base 8, number system is a common system used with computers. Because of its relationship with the binary system, it is useful in programming some types of computers. HEXA DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM In mathematics and computer science, hexadecimal (also base 16, or hex) is a positional numeral system with a radix, or base, of 16. It uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols 0–9 to represent values zero to nine, and A, B, C, D, E, F (or alternatively a–f) to represent values ten to...
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...system are used in the computer field. Digital computers internally use the binary (base 2) number system to represent data and perform arithmetic calculations. The binary number system is very efficient for computers, but not for humans. Representing even relatively small numbers with the binary system requires working with long strings of ones and zeroes. The hexadecimal (base 16) number system (often called "hex" for short) provides us with a shorthand method of working with binary numbers. One digit in hex corresponds to four binary digits (bits), so the internal representation of one byte can be represented either by eight binary digits or two hexadecimal digits. Less commonly used is the octal (base 8) number system, where one digit in octal corresponds to three binary digits (bits). In the event that a computer user (programmer, operator, end user, etc.) needs to examine a display of the internal representation of computer data (such a display is called a "dump"), viewing the data in a "shorthand" representation (such as hex or octal) is less tedious than viewing the data in binary representation. The binary, hexadecimal , and octal number systems will be looked at in the following pages. The decimal number system that we are all familiar with is a positional number system. The actual number of symbols used in a positional number system depends on its base (also called the radix). The highest numerical symbol always has a value of one less than the base. The decimal number system...
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