...AN OVERVIEW OF BANGLADESH LEGAL SYSTEM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CRIMINAL JUSTICE ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM An overview of Bangladesh Legal System with special reference to Criminal Justice Administration System Submitted to Barrister M. Zillur Rahman Course Teacher Legal Environment of Business (L-501) IBA Submitted by Apon DasRahman Saihad Shahid | 0306 | Institute of Business Administration University of Dhaka Date: 03-07-2012 Date: 03.07.2012 Barrister M. Zillur Rahman Course Teacher Legal Environment of Business (L-501) Institute of Business Administration University of Dhaka Dear Sir: Subject: SUBMISSION OF GROUP TERM PAPER Here is the report on “An Overview of Bangladesh Legal System with Special Reference to Criminal Justice Administration System”. This report mainly gives an overview of the legal system of Bangladesh and its history. The report gives special focus on the criminal procedures and systems used in Bangladesh. Moreover, the report also analyses two real life criminal cases with the help from the theories and techniques learned from the Legal Environment of Business Course. We would like to thank our Course teacher Mr. Zillur Rahman for giving us the support and opportunity to write this report. It has been an honor and a privilege. Sincerely Yours, ________________ Apon Das (Roll 03) __________________________ Rahman Saihad Shahid (Roll 06) Contents Executive Summary vii 1.0 Introduction 1 1...
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...The United States has a very strong and lengthy history in regards to the policing system. This system of rules is required to maintain a sense of normalcy that can be viewed as being free from harm in the communities. Policing overtime has proven to be effective after years of improvements and changes. Policing can be dated as far back as 1066. During this time American law enforcement was inherited much of how Great Britain. The communities were based on their behaviors and moral other than their criminal problems. According to (Grant & Terry, 2012) Sir Robert Peel found a way to create London Metropolitan Police system. He created what was lacking in the discipline of England. His envisions help shape the policing of modern day (Walker-Katz, 2008). He made an impact on the practice of policing that will for be used for centuries to come. The first Europeans had to establish a way to protect themselves and with that they established policing. This responsibility was left up to the well and able bodied men and boys at that time (Sabath). During this time policing took on two forms informal and communal, which was called “The Big Stick” (Spitzer, 1979). The informal policing consisted of private citizens and English counterparts The community or communal policing also had a great effective on the method of policing during that time. A system referred to as the watch system was developed by community volunteers that would warn if danger occurred. Many different cities participated...
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...History of Law Enforcement Marquell Garrett CJA/204 March 22, 2012 David Klein History of Law Enforcement When discussing the history of law enforcement, it is best we start with the invasion of England in 1066 by the Duke of Normandy, William the Conqueror. William bought with him some ideas of policing, where security was considered far more important than freedom. William divided England into five areas, with five separate militaries. An officer was placed in each area. Thus, he created marshal law (Barefoot's World, 1997). In 1116, Henry I, son of William the Conqueror, issued the Leges Henrici, from which Henry received the title, "Law Giver." These laws divided England into thirty judicial districts, and are particularly important in keeping the peace, preventing arson, robbery, murder, false coinage, and crimes of violent nature (Barefoot's World, 1997). . Despite changes made to the laws, and the way things were done, it would not be until 1829 that the first metropolitan police department would be created in London, England. This police department would have jurisdiction over the entire city of London (Learn History, 2004). It would not be until 1838, 9 years post the creation of the London Police Department, that the U.S. would have its first metropolitan police department established in Boston, Massachusetts. However, many cities had night watchers, civilian volunteers, and officers patrolling the...
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...The Legalists and their influence on Qin administration During the Warring States period, seven dominant states were in consistent struggles to take power over the others. Even though they all put much emphasis on military and warfare, the state of Qin was the one who concluded the period with the wars of conquest, annexing other contender states through exceptionally cruel administration. On the background of the rise of Qin existed the two most eminent administrators, Lord Shang and Han Fei zi, whose philosophies are demonstrated as Legalism. The Legalists emphasized an establishment of effective institutional structures based on impersonal and objective norms and standards: “laws, administrative regulations, clearly defined rules of promotion and demotion, and the like” (Watkins). Through the strict legislation, the Legalists “sought to attain a ‘rich [and empowered] state with powerful army’” (Pines). Adopting their philosophies and practicing them through reformation, the Qin administration could conquer its competitors; we can recognize the influence of Legalism on the state administration by analyzing the laws of Qin before the empire and comparing them to the philosophies of the two prominent Legalists. During the regime of Duke Xiao, the state of Qin went through a series of reforms successfully conducted by Lord Shang, and the characteristics of the reformation are well reflected on the laws of the state. First and foremost, Lord Shang emphasized on a powerful government...
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...Approaches of the public administration in: (a) The contemporary era Introduction The approaches to the study of Public administration in the contemporary era can be categorized from different angles such as normative approach and empirical approach. The main focus of these approaches is how public administration should be, and also to describe and to analyze the actual administrative situations. There different forms of public administration which are divide as follows; Philosophical approach Legal approach Historical approach Scientific approach Case Method Approach Institutional and Structural Approach Behavioral Approach Philosophical Approach The Philosophical approach takes within its purview all aspects of administrative activities. The main goal of this approach is to find out and enunciate the principles or ‘ideals’ underlying these activities. This is perhaps the oldest approach to public administration as of all other social sciences. Legal Approach This is a systematic approach which is formulated and it traces its ancestry to the European tradition of rooting Public administration in law. Public administration was considered to be a part of law, concentrating on legally prescribed structure and organization of Public authorities. Legal approach came into place at a time when the functions of the state were narrowly limited and simple in nature. The administrative law is an important branch of Public law which is conceived in quite broad terms to enable it...
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...within societies on a world context. More specifically, principles in this document were instrumental when argued by African American Civil Rights leaders in achieving equality and abolishing racial segregation and discrimination against African- Americans in the United States, during the African American Civil Rights Movement (1954-1968). Before the American Civil Rights Movement, laws known as Jim Crow laws had forced racial segregation of facilities and the prohibition of intermarriage. These laws were similar to the apartheid legislation and it became the law mainly in the south of America. Where there is inequality and injustice within a government, the people of the nation demand change. Since the Jim Crow laws were enacted, the laws that mandated racial segregation in public areas and the prohibition of intermarriage in the Southern United States were socially and morally unjust and this fuelled the American civil rights movement as the African-American’s were seeking to achieve equality and be entitled to equal opportunities. This is an explicit pattern in the timeline of events in history where a disempowered group in society acts upon the injustice that they’ve had to endure over a long period of time. Being segregated from public facilities alienated the African- Americans and...
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...The US Social Security System February 8, 2014 Introduction On August 14, 1935, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act (SSA) into American law. This Act was the first of its kind and was very different to the way Americans had thought up to that point; always pulling themselves up by their own bootstraps, supporting their families and themselves without reliance on the government. When this Act was signed into law, it guaranteed income for those who were unemployed or retired. The SSA was part of Roosevelt’s New Deal programs, which were designed to help bring America out of the Great Depression and give them hope. It was meant to take away the worries of those who couldn’t find work and also to ensure that retirees did not live in poverty. This program, and many of the other New Deal programs, were never meant to be permanent programs. However, Social Security is still around, supporting mainly those who are retired and disabled, but having issues of its own that will soon need to be dealt with. History The Great Depression was not what shaped the Social Security Act but it was the reason behind its creation. The Act itself came from the Committee on Economic Security which was “a cabinet-level group appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt just one year” before the Act was created. (Martin & Weaver, 2005) The Act itself actually created numerous programs, which were the foundation programs for the government...
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...Aga Khan Road, Islamabad COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION (CSS), 2015 TIME TABLE DAY Saturday Sunday Monday DATE 14.02.2015 15.02.2015 16.02.2015 COMPULSORY SUBJECTS SUBJECT Essay English (Precis and Composition) General Knowledge (Everyday Science) General Knowledge (Current Affairs) General Knowledge (Pakistan Affairs) Islamiat OPTIONAL SUBJECTS History of the U.S.A. History of Pak and India, Islamic History and Culture, European History, British History History of Pak and India, Islamic History and Culture, European History, British History Journalism Political Science Sociology Political Science Punjabi, Sindhi, Balochi, Pushto International Law, International Relations Psychology incl Expl Psychology, Philosophy Psychology incl Expl Psychology, Philosophy Geography, Zoology, Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Geology Geography, Zoology, Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Geology Public Administration Accountancy and Auditing, Economics Business Administration Accountancy and Auditing, Economics Arabic, Urdu, Persian, English Literature Arabic, Urdu, Persian, English Literature Forestry Mercantile Law Muslim Law and Jurisprudence Law Constitutional Law Law Statistics Applied Mathematics, Pure Mathematics Computer Science Applied Mathematics, Pure Mathematics Agriculture PAPER TIME 09:00 to 12:00 02:00 to 05:00 09:00 to 12:00 02:00 to 05:00 09:00 to 12:00 02:00 to 05:00 09:00 to 12:00 I II I II 09:00 to 12:00 02:00 to 05:00 09:00 to 12:00 09:00 to 12:00 02:00 to 05:00 02:00 to 05:00 09:00 to 12:00...
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...Make a reaction why we have to start the course in PAS with knowing our Country’s history and culture roots. The Republic of the Philippines is a constitutional democracy, with the President as head of state. The Philippine Constitution is the fundamental basis of the laws of the land. The country has had several Constitutions, but the current one was adopted through a nationwide plebiscite in 1987. It is supported by other laws, such as the Civil Code, the Labor Code, the Omnibus Investments Code, and the National Internal Revenue Code, as well as by rules and regulations passed by government bodies. The latter include rulings, letters or instructions, circulars, memoranda, administrative orders, judicial orders, and pronouncements, as well as laws adopted by local government within the scope of the Constitution. In PAS course, there are approaches taking within its purview all aspects of administrative activities. The goal is to find out and enunciate the principles or ideals underlying these activities. Administrative behavior is part of behavioral sciences and the study of public administration cannot be complete without the study of individual and collective human behavior in administrative situations. These approaches made more sense and had greater relevance than other approaches as it took into consideration the fact that political, social, economical and psychological environments have effect on human motivation and which ultimately has an effect on the work...
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...The 1970’ in criminal justice administration were influenced by various national and political events surrounding situations like the Civil Rights Movement, the Vietnam War, and the Watergate scandal. Those were the concerns that brought public mistrust in the government, economic downturns, and social equity to the forefront of campaigns in the public sector. The American public was becoming increasingly concerned with the extent of the damage that the Vietnam War was causing for the troops and the economy. The United States spent an estimated one hundred and twenty million dollars on the Vietnam conflict from 1965-73. Not to mention the estimated fifty-eight thousand troops that were killed or went missing during the war. American soldiers...
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...The Administration of Justice in Madras in the Seventeenth Century Posted by Law Matters on 5/23/06 • Categorized as History,Primers The administration of justice in Madras in the seventeenth century can, by and large, be divided into two periods – that between1639 and 1665, and that between 1665 and 1687. Francis Day acquired a piece of land from a Hindu Raja in 1639. The Company built a Fort on it and called it Fort St. George. The Raja also granted the Company the power and the authority to govern a nearby village called Madraspatam. Madras, as it came to be known, was an amalgamation of Madraspatam or Black Town where the Indians lived and Fort St George or White Town where the British lived. It was an ‘Agency’ which was subordinate to Surat, the only Presidency of the time. It was headed by an Agent who had a Council to assist him. During the first period between1639 and 1665, the administration of justice was neither systematic nor regular. For example, when, in 1641, an Indian was accused of murdering a woman he was living with, no formal trial was held. A few questions were asked and the woman’s clothes and jewellery was (not too surprisingly) found in his house. That was deemed to be enough to condemn him, and the Agent communicated his findings to the Raja. The Raja ordered punishment to be inflicted according to English law – the condemned man was hanged to death. In White Town, it was administered by the Agent in Council who not only had vague and indefinite...
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...Archives and Records Administration, has the responsibility for administering the ratification under the provisions of 1 U.S.C. 106b. The Archivist has delegated many of the duties associated with this function to the Director of the Federal Register. Neither Article V of the Constitution nor section 106b describes the ratification process. The Archivist and the Director of the Federal Register follow procedures and customs made by the Secretary of State, who performed these duties until 1950, and the Administrator of General Services, who served in this capacity until National Archives and Records Administration assumed responsibility as an independent agency in 1985 (The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, 2012). The Constitution provides that an amendment can be proposed either by the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both House of Representatives and the Senate or by constitutional convention called for two-thirds of the State legislatures. None of the amendments of the Constitution have been proposed by constitutional convention. The Congress proposes an amendment as a resolution. The President does not have a constitutional role in the amendment process and the joint resolution does not go to the White House to be signed or approved. The original document is forward to the National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register for publication. The Office of the Federal Register adds legislative history notes to the joint resolution...
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...Moral Issues Welfare in the United States Moral Issues Welfare in the United States In our society today the welfare program is a hand out not a hand up. I believe that as a society we should go back to what the welfare system was when it was started in the colonies with the British Poor Laws. These laws established guidelines for two different groups of people. The first group was those that cannot work due to their age, or physical or mental health. This group was given assistance with cash and other forms from the government. The second group was those who could work but did not have a job. The people in this group were given help by giving them employment in workhouses. In 1935 President Franklin D. Roosevelt enacted the Social Security Act “to provide for the general welfare by establishing a system of Federal old-age benefits, and by enabling the several States to make more adequate provision for aged persons, blind persons, dependent and crippled children, maternal and child welfare, public health, and the administration of their unemployment compensation laws; to establish a Social Security Board; to raise revenue; and for other purposes.” Under this plan, it was easy to receive money, food and medical assistance if you were a single woman raising children, the more children you had the more assistance you received. This system has grown generations of families that have been dependent upon the government to support their children. In 1996, President...
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...Law Enforcement in New England 1600 – Present Day HIS 602 - History of New England – Spring 2013 – Manchester Law enforcement today is very different than what it was when the Puritan settlers first came here to New England. As like the name the name the settlers went with what they knew and followed in England’s footsteps when it came to law enforcement (Johnson 1981). Following in the English’s footsteps would be a president that is followed for centuries until the need for different style of policing becomes apparent due to differences in the countries culture in the 18th century. This is where we begin to see the split that we see to this day. In Saxon England prior to 1066, the absence of effective royal authority, such as a standing army it was up to local communities to keep the peace in regard of criminal behavior (Johnson 1981). In 1252 the title constable was coined, a constable was an officer of the royal court. In the next two centuries following the Norman Conquest constables morphed into elected officials of the manorial courts (Johnson 1981). In 1285 the Normans who invaded England codified The Statue of Winchester which remained in effect until 1829 when the Metropolitan Police Act was established. The Statue of Winchester reenacted “hue and cry” which called upon all residents to assist watchmen if they encountered resistance. The statue gave constables the authority to enroll male inhabitants as said watchmen (Johnson 1981). Basically the...
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...com/doc/51200798/MASS-MEDIA-LAWS-AND-REGULATIONS PRESS FREEDOM & LAWS ON THE PHILIPPINE COMMUNICATION MEDIA "No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or right of the people peaceably toassemble and petition the government for redress of grievances" Freedom of Expression Article III, Section 4 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution serves as the center point and basis forthe Mass Media practice in the Philippines. It serves as the Archimedean point where media practitioners and citizens are empowered to air out their concerns without undue fear, simply because this provision of the Bill of Rights (Article III) safeguards these said rights. This clause in the constitution carries with it the history of the Filipinos' fight for freedom.Originally asserted in the Malolos Constitution (approved on January 20, 1899) as "right to freelyexpress his ideas or opinions, orally or in writing, through the use of the press and other similar means", this fight for freedom has transcended through various epochs of Philippine history; carried on from one charter change to another; and pulled through every rise and fall of one administration to the next. However, laws governing the practice of mass media in the Philippines does not solely rest on the present Constitution; they are also contained in the numerous issuances of the Courts and the Philippine legislature. More specifically, other sources of laws affecting Philippine...
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