...With direct reference to at least two films, how did Hollywood address the paranoid, hysterical political climate of the 50s? The Cold War began in 1947 between the USSR and the USA. After World War II, both countries began to distrust each other, as they knew the amount of power each country had in terms of nuclear weapons. Not only did they distrust each other, but they lacked a mutual understanding of each other’s culture. The USA believed in capitalism and the USSR believed in communism. This lack of mutual understanding caused mass paranoia within America as they feared that communists would infiltrate their society. This hysteria was known as the Red Scare which lead to “a range of actions that had a profound and enduring effect on U.S. government and society.” (Red Scare, 2013). During World War II “moviegoers learned to appreciate cinema for what it was: a powerful delivery system of ideology” (Doherty, 2003, p. 19) and after World War II “Soviet Communism and American Democracy, found its domestic expression in fierce debates over the subversive influence of the popular media.” (Doherty, 2003, p. 21). Hollywood was scrutinized first for allegedly using the film industry to influence the public about communism. The House of Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was formed in 1938, and it’s investigations were “frequently focused on exposing communists working inside the federal government or subversive elements working in the Hollywood film industry” (Red Scare,...
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...Rand’s rise to the prominence coincided with a broad cultural, political and social change in America that took place in the context of the Cold War. Fighting against the common enemy in the war had briefly improved the relations between United States and Great Britain on one side and Soviet Union on the other, but once the war ended any hopes of more permanent cooperation faded quickly. If 1945 Yalta conference had closed on an optimistic note, then Potsdam meeting a few months later already ended in disappointment, as it became clear that former allies had very different views of what would constitute a fair post-war settlement and balance of powers. Less than a year later, on March 5, 1946 Churchill gave his famous “Sinews of Peace” address...
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...The first graphic novel was created by William Hogarth (1697-1764). This lead others to follow like Thomas Rowlandson (1745-1827), and James Gillray (1756 -1846) with Rodolph Toppfer (1799-1846) in England. The graphic novel led to the beginning of the comic book era which was called the Golden Age which spaned from 1938-1950. This is the age of comic books where the superhero genre was born. In this era the first superhero comic book was created called Action Comics. In Actions Comics, Superman was created. Superman was created by two teenagers named Joe Shuster and Jerry Siegel. After this many other superheros were made. Jack Kirby and Wil Eisner were both famous comic book writers and artist of the Golden Age. At the end of the this era...
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...ladyfinger firecracker’ which led to the ‘explosion’ of Fahrenheit 451.” (Weller 199) The story takes place in the 20th century with no specific year given where two nuclear wars had taken place since 1990. Ray was inspired by the events taking place at the time such as the rise of Nazi Germany, McCarthyism and the “witch hunt set out by the House Un-American Activities Committee in Hollywood in 1947…” (Weller 199) In addition to the setting, a few, but not all of the characters from Fahrenheit were influenced by certain events from Ray’s life. On a windy autumn night in Los Angeles, Ray had been out on a walk with a friend of his, when “A police car wheeled up beside them. The officer stepped out and approached the two men. He asked what they were doing” (Weller 199) in which Ray responded, “Putting one foot in front of the other… breathing the air, talking, conversing, walking” (Weller 199) The officer was displeased with Ray’s response, seeing him as a smart-ass. The office told to not do it again, went back to his patrol car and drove off. Once Ray got home, he wrote “The Pedestrian” in which the story tells of a future where walking was illegal and all pedestrians where treated like criminals and how...
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...Assignment 1 How was the south changed? The chief accomplishment of the new south was the expansion of textile production, as the number of cotton mills grew from 161 to 400. There was also an increase in the lumber industry, coal production, and tobacco growth. Although, the majority of southern farmers were not flourishing, which caused sharecropping and tendancy to increase between blacks and whites. The bourbons perfected a political alliance with northern conservatives and economic alliance with northern capitalists. They also reduced state expenditures and public debt. Attitudes about race became more strongly felt and the prospect of an electoral alliance between poor whites and blacks that could threaten the power structure became a possibility, so the southern states came up with various ways to disenfranchise blacks. Also, “Jim Crow” laws were enacted to mandate public separation of the races. Legalized segregation reinforced the notions of white racial superiority and African-American inferiority, creating an atmosphere that encouraged violence, and during the 1890s lynching’s of blacks rose significantly. Define the New West. After 1865, the federal government encouraged western settlement and economic exploitation. The transcontinental railroads opened the western half of the nation to economic development and created an interconnected national market. Needing rapid communication, companies built telegraph lines along the railroad as the track was laid...
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...The Rise of the Comedian-Politician 1,361 words The greatest religious and societal luminaries seem to repeat each other’s message time and again throughout history. Be kind to each other. Try to empathize with your enemy; see how you are like them, rather than how you are different. And why do we need these people to constantly repeat what their predecessors have already said? It is because the world constantly changes, and we must be aware of the context with which to apply ancient wisdom. Recently, there has been a new breed of professional that carries on this struggle for contextualized thinking: The comedian-politician. In the confusing and vitriolic era of today’s politics, comedian-politicians such as John Oliver and Jon Stewart are essential because they are the foremost providers of political context and moderation. Since the 1980s, American political debate has seen an unprecedented reduction in context. Lee Atwater, a Republican political operative, openly recognized that stripping the context from an issue and playing to baser emotions such as fear, prejudice, and anger was an amazingly effective way to mobilize a base of voters. Rather than appeal to both sides through examination-backed rationality, he instead opted to inflame his core constituency to the point where they came out to vote in droves. Atwater’s legacy lives on in Karl Rove, a fellow accomplice dating back to their college days. Atwater’s tactics were simple yet effective. Lee...
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...mass hysteria now recognized as the Second Red Scare. This period of time, which occurred from 1947 and lasted until the late 1950s, was popularly known as “McCarthyism.” As the lead proponent who spoke out against communism and subversion in the United States, Senator Joseph McCarthy added fuel to the popular fear by initiating a series of accusations of government officials who were supposedly communist supporters. This “witch-hunt” that resulted from McCarthy’s reign of terror is reflected in the movie Good Night and Good Luck. Since any challenge to McCarthy’s authority would lead to suspicion and eventual attack, many didn’t speak out against McCarthy’s tactics in fear of being discredited themselves. However, this film not only captured the fear and terror that McCarthy’s accusations created, but also identified Edward R. Murrow, a journalist and host working under the Columbia Broadcasting Station, as one of the few who dared speak out against Senator McCarthy. Good Night and Good Luck, named after Murrow’s famous sign-offs that concluded his program See It Now, is a realistic presentation of the communist paranoia that enveloped America and the emergence of television as a mass media. Directed by George Clooney, Good Night and Good Luck follows Edward R. Murrow and his CBS crew in a production that addresses how the media can offer a voice that counters that of the government. Wanting to report the truth to the public and put an end to McCarthy’s wild accusations, Murrow...
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...Ever since its inception in Ancient Greece, liberal education has afforded its students a truth for new understanding, that makes them well-rounded citizens. In terms of the American education system when it reached its pinnacle in the 1950s, its course was just as quickly reversed in the 1960s. A major culprit in the degradation of higher learning can be shouldered by Students for Democratic Society(SDS).To understand how these events came to be, we must first look at the values/objective of this very organization that came to be at the turn of the decade in 1960 at University of Michigan and Cornell University. Liberal education gives a liberating and freedom that is meant to be worth to educate the person in order to take part in civic life, as a future citizen. The ASEAN the Association of American Colleges and Universities states that a liberal education is that which liberates the mind from ignorance and cultivate social responsibility. Liberal education, unlike vocation is not to train, but to change people. Liberal education allows the student to learn how to think rather than what to think, to have a philosophical understanding wanting to question the reason of being and teaching. A liberal educated person is one that can think outside the box and question the norms of nature. They are free-thinkers.Failure in the closing of the American mind is the failure to have a basic principle of ideas and classic works that contributes to literature, politics etc to educate men...
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...Vigilante is an old fallout from the justice system not working in someone favor and then they tried to get even with said person that the justice system work for or even the justice system itself. Vigilante is the act of “any person who takes the law into his or her own hands, as by avenging a crime.”(Dictionary.com.).With this in mind most the idea of vigilantism is a glory now todays from movies, book, and most importantly Comic books about super heroes. But why do people resort to vigilantism? To avenge a crime as said early in the paragraph. This can lead to killing, lynching, and using the internet to get even. Taking the law into your own hand is as old as the justice system itself. A lot of the times the ideas of the people taking...
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...Week 1 * Do you trust the government to do the right things most of the time? It’s all really based on you opinion * a 2000 study of undergraduates showed that 64% did not trust the government Why do we care if people are turning out to vote? * Voter turnout is a sign of political efficacy as well as engagement * People who are engaged are more informed, more likely to communicate with their representatives, more likely to advocate for their interests, and hold public officials accountable for their actions. Political culture * The people’s collective beliefs and attitudes about government and political processes * What is it that binds us together as Americans? * Our political ideologies * Our political values – liberty, capitalism, equality, consent of the governed, individualism Ideology * Political ideology is an integrated system of ideas or beliefs about political values in general and the role of the government in particular * Ideology provides a framework for thinking about politics and policy preferences Ideologies * Modern liberalism is associated with ideas of liberty and political equality: * Tend to favor chance in social, political and economic realms to better protect individuals and produce equality What is the constitution? * Fundamental principles of a government and the basic structures and procedures Two US Constitutions * Articles of confederation ( 1781-1789) * Constitution of...
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...INTRODUCTION Neoclassical economics is a term variously used for approaches to economics focusing on the determination of prices, outputs, and income distributions in markets through supply and demand, often mediated through a hypothesized maximization of utility by income-constrained individuals and of profits by cost-constrained firms employing available information and factors of production, in accordance with rational choice theory. The neo-classical view of economics was under the Type A definition which had to do with the wealth and material welfare. This school of thought was headed by Alfred Marshall in the 18th century, the neo-classical view came to buttress the explanation of the classical view of economics, it gave economics a stand above all other social sciences. According to Alfred Marshall, he defined Economics as the study of mankind in the ordinary business of life.There were other contributions to this view like E.Cannan who said the aim of political economy is the explanation of the general causes on which material welfare of human being depends Beveridge defined it as the study of general methods by which men cooperate to meet their material needs,and also to Pigou he said economics welfare is the subject matter of economic science Neoclassical economics dominates microeconomics, and together with Keynesian economics forms the neoclassical synthesis which dominates mainstream economics today.Although neoclassical economics has gained widespread acceptance...
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...material & knowledge to discuss an historical event Section A – themes to explore in your revision: 1. The post-Stalin thaw and the bid for peaceful coexistence in 1950s: a) USSR: Khrushchev b) USA: the responses of Dulles, Eisenhower and Kennedy. • the continuation of the Cold War in the 1950s following the retirement of Truman & death of Stalin, despite the bid for improved relations on the part of the USSR in the form of unilateral cuts in the size of the Red Army and withdrawal from Austria and Finland. • the concept of peaceful coexistence & what motivated Khrushchev & the Soviet leadership, & why the USA under Eisenhower & his Secretary of State, Dulles, and later Kennedy and his staff, responded in the way they did. • the role of personality, particularly that of Khrushchev, in shaping relations in these years should be addressed & students should be aware of the Paris Summit, the U2...
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...Communism is a type of government and philosophy. Its goal is to form a society where everything is shared equally. All people are treated equally and there is little private ownership. In a communist government, the government owns and controls most everything including property, means of production, education, transportation, and agriculture. History of Communism Karl Marx is considered the Father of Communism. Marx was a German philosopher and economist who wrote about his ideas in a book called the Communist Manifesto in 1848. His communist theories have also become known as Marxism. Marx described ten important aspects of a communist government: * No private property * A single central bank * High income tax that would rise significantly as you made more * All property rights would be confiscated * No inheritance rights * The government would own and control all communication and transportation * The government would own and control all education * The government would own and control factories and agriculture * Farming and regional planning would...
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...1945-1972 ..................................................................................................... 8 3.1 Berlin ....................................................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Korea ....................................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Berlin Wall ............................................................................................................................. 10 3.4 Cuba ...................................................................................................................................... 10 4.0 Essay 4: How did the US become involved in Vietnam and why did it escalate in the 1960’s? ..... 11 5.0 Essay 5 Harry Truman ..................................................................................................................... 14 6.0 Essay 6: Lyndon Johnson ................................................................................................................. 16 7.0 Essay 7: Moon...
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...The Edexcel International GCSE in History Schemes of work We are happy to provide these new enhanced schemes of work for you to amend and adapt to suit your teaching purposes. We hope you find them useful. Practical support to help you deliver this specification Schemes of work These schemes of work have been produced to help you implement this Edexcel specification. They are offered as examples of possible models that you should feel free to adapt to meet your needs and are not intended to be in any way prescriptive. It is in editable word format to make adaptation as easy as possible. These schemes of work give guidance for: * Content to be covered * Approximate time to spend on different key themes * Ideas for incorporating and developing the assessment skills related to each unit. Suggested teaching time This is based on a two year teaching course of five and a half terms with one and a half hours of history teaching each week. This would be a seventy week course with total teaching time of approximately 100 hours. The schemes suggest the following timescale for the different sections: * Paper 1: 20 hours for each of the two topics: Total 40 hours. * Paper 2 Section A: 20 hours for the topic: Total 20 hours. * Paper 2 Section B: 25 hours for the topic since it covers a longer period in time. Total 25 hours. * Revision: 15 hours. Possible options for those with less teaching time * 20 hours for Section Paper 2 Section B ...
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