...Cocaine: Putting a Crack in Society Health Science 460 Section 1 Drug Use and Abuse Brother Yearsley Name: Date: Outline Thesis Statement: Cocaine is a highly addictive stimulant that has gratifying yet dangerous short term effects, and devastating long term effects. The problems related to cocaine abuse have an effect world wide; therefore it is a problem that society cannot ignore. I. From High Class to Skid Row II. History of Cocaine III. Why so Much Abuse IV. Short Term Effects A. Physical B. Psychological V. Long Term Effects A. Physical B. Psychological C. Social VI. Abuse Statistics VII. History Relived VIII. Summary I. From High Class to Skid Row- INTRODUCTION Today Cocaine and Crack can be found in almost every city and is used by people of all walks of life. During the 1970’s and mid 1980’s cocaine use was at its peak. It was the drug of choice for the rich and famous and was part of what some called a glamorous life the “Champagne of Drugs”. Around 1985 came the arrival of a new form of cocaine, called crack. This new smoke able form became the drug of choice on the street. Crack has more intense and faster effects than the traditional forms of cocaine use, which are primarily snorting and injecting. Crack which is cheaper to produce became accessible to people of all socioeconomic statuses. Cocaine in the form...
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...Drugs: Cocaine Does Kill Death by cocaine overdose holds no favoritism among the classes of race, gender, or wealth; it destroys everything in its path. (Good opening sentence) A short time-ago the world lost Whitney Houston to a heart attack, but truth was cocaine took this remarkable icon from the world. The autopsy revealed she had cocaine in her system. If she had not been drinking and under the influence of cocaine, she may might not have drowned and would still be here today. Cocaine is killing our children, families, friends, and communities. It takes away from the individual life span. It has an adverse effect on growth, development, and our people’s relationship with our their children. It does nothing but provide a breeding ground for criminals and illegal behavior among members of society. Cocaine kills the economy through negative growth for the money and positive growth for the criminal minded. Cocaine kills the individuals Coca plants can be consumed four different ways; chewing the leaves was the originally intake. It is also used to soothe the stomach by making coca-tea called mate’ de coca. Second, cocaine sulfate is the intermediary stage of coca leaf and the finished cocaine hydrochloride crystal, a low-quality paste mixed with tobacco and smoked, mostly in the slum areas of South America. Thirdly, cocaine hydrochloride, is a stable, hydrophilic salt, it is an unscented white crystalline powder when snorted and immersed through the nasal mucosa...
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...Crack is a drug that is an epidemic in society. Cities of all nations and backgrounds can become a victim of the ever growing problem and devastation of using crack cocaine. Crack cocaine gives the brain such a stimulant that please the users, but it also be highly hazardous. The result of using the drug produces short and long term effects and many family and social results. It does not matter a person’s race, if they are rich or poor; even though those of poverty and African American are the one who have been affected the most. Having coca leaves go far back over three thousand years ago. The crystalized form of cocaine, which is better known as crack evolved during the 1970’s and during the mid-1980 the use became wide spread. Crack cocaine...
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...The Outside Drug: Cocaine in the US Page Break Michael Moss once said, “Some of the largest companies are now using brain scans to study how we react neurologically to certain foods, especially to sugar. They've discovered that the brain lights up for sugar the same way it does for cocaine.” Cocaine is a common party drug for young adults and a severely addictive drug for offenders. America’s battle with substance abuse has yet to calm down, it is important for people to recognize the power of the correct treatment and the lack of the treatment in the American society. For years, people have searched for way to stop cocaine from getting into America meanwhile, they have yet to find out how to treat the ones who already use the drugs. It is important to understand the approvals and disapprovals that cocaine had throughout the decades of being in America....
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...be defined as ANY substance other than food or water that when taken into the body alters its functioning in some way (College, 2011). Cocaine, Heroin, Crack, and Alcohol are not the only drugs that alter the body that can be considered a drug. Caffeinated soda, coffee, diet pills, tobacco, prescription medication, and more all affect the body and alter the mind in a negative way. Going back in time when Christopher Columbus founded America, we wer e introduced to our very first drug known as tobacco (Cushman, 2011). That’s 520 years ago and still an issue in society. Smoking is set to kill 6.5 million people in 2015 and 8.3 million humans in 2030, with the biggest rise in low-and middle-income countries (National Cancer Institute at the National Institues of Health). Each day about 13,500 people worldwide die from smoking-related diseases (National Cancer Institute at the National Institues of Health). Yet it is a legal substance that alters the mind and body, amazing how that works. Alcohol is another substance that is very harmful and alters the mind and body. Some will argue that used as a social substance alcohol cannot become harmful. People need to realize there are people that abuse alcohol and then there are alcoholics. While both alcohol abuse and alcoholism involve engaging in the use of alcohol, abuse of this substance does not include the person having withdrawal symptoms or needing more and more amounts to achieve intoxication unless the person has developed...
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...DRUG TRAFFICKING 1. Marijuana and Cocaine Trafficking in the United States DRUG TRAFFICKING 2. This research paper is on Marijuana and Cocaine trafficking in the United States. It is a very interested topic to learn about. There are several people who’s in prison for drug trafficking. This research will define the problems with drug trafficking, it will also explain who it affects and how it affects them. Drug trafficking in the United States can go far and wind. “It is the commercial exchange of drugs and drug paraphernalia. This excludes any equipment used to manufacture illegal drugs or use them,” (Jessica Cook, ehow.com 2011). One of the largest problems that drug trafficking creates is the financial cost on society; for example in 2002 drug related cost society were estimated at $180.9 billion, which is divided between various cost like health care and productivity lose according to the Office of National Drug Control Policy. Cocaine and Marijuana both brings an increase in violence and criminal activities, even though the level of violence associated with Cocaine trafficking does not compare to the rampant violence of the 1980s when the crack epidemic was at its worst. Drug trafficking can also lead to death both directly and indirectly. In fact between 1991 and 2000, 33 of our officers were killed during drug related operations. In 1993-1997 the F.B.I. details that on an average...
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... 2. This research paper is on Marijuana and Cocaine trafficking in the United States. It is a very interested topic to learn about. There are several people who’s in prison for drug trafficking. This research will define the problems with drug trafficking, it will also explain who it affects and how it affects them. Drug trafficking in the United States can go far and wind. “It is the commercial exchange of drugs and drug paraphernalia. This excludes any equipment used to manufacture illegal drugs or use them,” (Jessica Cook, ehow.com 2011). One of the largest problems that drug trafficking creates is the financial cost on society; for example in 2002 drug related cost society were estimated at $180.9 billion, which is divided between various cost like health care and productivity lose according to the Office of National Drug Control Policy. Cocaine and Marijuana both brings an increase in violence and criminal activities, even though the level of violence associated with Cocaine trafficking does not compare to the rampant violence of the 1980s when the crack epidemic was at its worst. Drug trafficking can also lead to death both directly and indirectly. In fact between 1991 and 2000, 33 of our officers were killed during drug related operations. In 1993-1997 the F.B.I. details that on an average half of all police corruption is drug related. Colombians control the majority of the Cocaine trade in the major activities; They are the major suppliers in...
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...Americans there is a common addiction to a white substance known as sugar, and with this addiction comes an assortment of complications and diseases. The reason why Americans are addicted to sugar is because when sugar is absorbed into the human bloodstream sugar is sent to the brain , which according to Dr. Lustig, a specialist in Neuroendocrinology “stimulates the same areas as cocaine or heroin” (Rose). When sugar is digested, it makes one want to eat more and more of it, because the body naturally craves sugar. If sugar affects the same areas of the brain as cocaine or heroin, then why is sugar, so widely available in society and why is sugar so readily given to children? Dr. Lustig has also studied the effects of sugar in the human body, and states that “seventy-five percent of diseases Americans face” can be prevented by simply changing one's diet (Rose).One of the diseases caused by sugar is diabetes, a disease in which the body’s ability to produce and to respond to the hormone insulin is debilitated, which is caused by high levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood (Mayo Clinic). “Diabetes affects one in three Americans born after 2000,”(Food Inc) which means that America’s children are more at risk to develop diabetes in their adult years. Diabetes also has its own set of complications such as cardiovascular disease, nerve damage, kidney damage, eye damage and loss of...
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...in our country. Use of illegal drugs Is harmful to the user and all those with whom the user comes in contact. There are over 40 million illegal drug users in the world today. Illegal drug abuse must be stopped as They hurt our society. Drug users are parasites, feeding off society's money, taxes and insurance. Every type of insurance goes up because of drug abuse, including auto, health and homeowners. Worst of all, the crime rate will sky rocket if we let this behavior continue. Illegal drugs and their abusers are a plague to society for many different reasons. Drugs have very harmful effects on the user and the people that the user interacts with. The user is affected in many ways. The most popular drug, alcohol, is generally thought of as socially acceptable and relatively harmless. But it can have devastating effects. Alcohol might seem very harmless but it can harm the user very easily. Alcohol is easy to obtain and consume. It is taken as a beverage and, since it is legal, it can be purchased at the corner store. The immediate effects on the user are relaxation and a slight anesthetic effect. Alcohol is a very addictive drug. There are more than 5 million alcoholics in Australia which is and indication of how widespread its harmful effects are. Alcoholics normally drink a lot on mornings and weeknights, at times which separate them for noraml "social" drinkers. Often, the alcohol will bring out a violent temper and often, alcoholics...
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...The Causes of Drug Addiction For many, the subject of drug use in any way whether it be the production, the exchange or the actual use is a touchy issue. Drugs such as meth, cocaine, and crack have been around for decades and drugs like heroine have been around for centuries. Drugs such as cocaine and heroin can cause major life-altering effects on a person by impairing internal organs, limiting one's abilities and skills that would make one suitable to interact with others successfully. They produce hallucinations, anger, forgetfulness and many other adverse causes. There are countless occurrences of users of hard drugs disregarding the law and committing a crime while in the pursuit of the drug of their choice or while on the drug. Drug addiction almost always leads to criminal conduct. Illegal drug use often leads to crimes such as murder, robbery, burglaries and assaults. Without a doubt drugs and criminal behavior are closely associated. “Drug offenders account for more than one-third of the growth in state prison population and more than 80 percent of the increase in the number of prison inmates since 1985.” (Dewey) In 2013, nearly 40% 0f the inmates in the United States said they committed violent crimes to support their drug habit. Surprisingly jail time alone has had little effect on the reduction of drug addiction or in promoting recovery. A large number of users who were addicted to heroin began with prescription painkillers and only substituted heroin when their...
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... It is an issue because there is a weight of stress placed on communities. Think of the kind of effect a large presence of drugs in the community has on the people who want a clean and healthy place to live. Think of the emotional damage drug abuse brings to families and how harmful it can be to adolescents who are pressured into trying drugs by older teenagers in their neighborhood. This statement will narrow its focus down to the impact drug abuse and addiction has on Hispanic communities in San Antonio, TX. The Hispanic culture is heavy and predominates in San Antonio, so it is important to recognize if these people are more likely to abuse drugs than other ethnicities...
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...It is characterized by the inability to control behavior, it creates a dysfunctional emotional response, and it affects the user’s ability to abstain from the substance or behavior consistently.”[8] defined addiction as "a state that can occur when a person either consumes a substance such as nicotine, cocaine, or, alcohol or engages in an activity such as gambling or shopping/spending."[9] Psychology Today The American Psychological Association (APA) published the fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) in May 2013. The DSM is the comprehensive manual that categorizes psychiatric disorders of all kinds. A review of general addiction yields information about substance abuse, as well as other addictions. The DSM-5’s general criteria for drug dependence include that the drug use is compulsive without regard to negative consequences, the user is unable to stop using that drug, the user repeatedly does not meet expectations or obligations in social or work life, and in some cases exhibiting tolerance to the drug or even withdrawal...
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...of the ability to resist craving despite the negative consequences of the craving (Addiction.) Two basic types of addiction are highlighted: behavioral addiction and drug or alcohol addiction. Both behavioral and drug or alcohol addiction come from changes in the make up of the brain. This factor essentially makes it a brain disease (Leshner.) Leading factors of addiction are very important to look at as well as how to diminish the addiction population in the context of society. Addiction is important to look at from a sociological perspective, seeing how it affects the everyday interactions within a society. Behavioral...
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...Ohio State University law professor and civil rights activist Michelle Alexander, author of "The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness," reports there are more African American men in prison and jail, or on probation and parole, than were slaves before the start of the Civil War. Statistics reported in 2006, by the U.S .Department of Justice, Bureau of Statistics support this claim, which show that Blacks made up 41 percent of the nation’s 2 million prison and jail inmates, while Non-Hispanic whites made up 37 percent and Hispanics made up 19 percent. The disproportionate ratio of blacks to whites who are incarcerated is especially great in Iowa, Vermont, New Jersey, Connecticut, Wisconsin, North Dakota, and South Dakota – greater than 10-to-1 (USJB, 2006). Why this structural inequality towards African Americans is happening, why it matters, and suggestions to rectify this, are issues that are discussed in this paper. Why is this happening? Since 1970, the U.S. has experienced a large and rapid increase in the rate at which people, regardless of race, are housed in federal and state correctional facilities (Snyder, 2011). This rapid growth in the prison population has been attributed in a large part to the rate at which individuals are incarcerated for drug offenses, especially minorities (Snyder, 2011). Between1995 and 2003, the number of people in state and federal prisons incarcerated for drug offenses increased by 21 percent, from 280,182 to 337...
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...Abstract According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse about six million people over the age 12 have used cocaine at least once in the past year.” Our text book stated : “Cocaine is one of the most dangerous drugs available to teenagers and along with the amphetamines are powerful psychostimulant that markedly affect mental functioning and behavior. These drugs augment the action of several neurotransmitters, the most important is dopamine. “( text book) Cocaine is a purified extract from the leaves of the Erythroxylum coca bush. Different chemical processes produce the two main forms of cocaine: Powdered cocaine: commonly known on the street as “coke” or “blow” dissolves in water. Users can snort or inject powdered cocaine .Crack cocaine: commonly known on the street as “crack: or “ rock” is made by chemical process that leaves it in its “freebase” form, which can be smoked. One of the most risky effects of teenage cocaine use is that the body can develop a tolerance to the drug, and the user needs increasingly larger doses of the drug to achieve the same feeling. This can increase the chance of an overdose, as the user takes successively greater amounts of cocaine in an effort to get high. In certain cases, first time users of cocaine have suffered from sudden death, the possibility of which dramatically increases when alcohol is simultaneously consumed. The objective of this paper is to discuss the symptom of the abuse in teenagers...
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