...solidarity focuses on how society functions as a unity and how it affects the individual who is part of that environment. Durkheim argues that there are two distinctive types of solidarity that can explain how society works, he called it mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity. These types of social unity are what Durkheim would describe to be the relationship between individual and the whole of society and how they develop. For instance, mechanical solidarity is described to have a collective consciousness among its members, where there is no sense of independency of labor, morals and values. This type of society functions through likeness, and everyone should resemble the rest of society because they are dependent to that type of social development. There is a limited amount of division...
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...In today’s world a number of fields use radar to help them observe the world around them, but how was this technology developed, and how does it work? Well as far as its development is concerned there isn’t one true inventor of radar, it’s more like a group of people who worked on the same project around the same time and shared ideas invented radar together yet separately. One thing we do know is that Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell composed the Electromagnetic Field theory, which states the shape and speed of electromagnetic waves. James Clerk Maxwell developed this theory in 1865; his ideas would be expanded on by other inventor and thinkers to come, including Guglielmo Marconi in 1897, who is now thought of as a pioneer of radio communication. Radar technology didn’t really become a viable field of study until around the Second World War, when the threat imposed by Germany grew into a race to defend allied countries and their borders. The first country to use radar in a defensive capacity was Great Britain, by the start of the war they had 19 stations that used radar to detect enemy aircraft, and by the wars end there were 50 stations setup....
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...I love microwave popcorn! My opinion on it is it tastes super delicious. I personally think microwave popcorn is better than movie popcorn a lot of the time. Have you ever wondered or just thought about how popcorn works? I did not know or even wonder about it until now! Let's learn how popcorn works! First, popcorn has ingredients that help it pop. According to "How Popcorn Works," water heats up and tries to expand and pops the corn! The popcorn turns inside out, and that is how popcorn is popped. According to "How Popcorn works," the water molecules move faster and take up more space. The popcorn pushes harder on the shell and pops it and the it turns into popcorn. Some kernels do not pop though, because they might have a hole or...
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...How JPEG works Introduction - Images An image is a 2D matrix of values Color images consist of 3 RGB matrices, Grayscale images consist of one This basic format is BMP Introduction - JPEG JPEG – Joint Photographic Expert Group Late 1980’s, early 1990’s Consumer level computers Relatively high processing power Low bandwidth. Goal: File size↓ Picture quality~ Voted as international standard in 1992 Photos Scanned text or images with sharp transitions Introduction - Motivation 2 Observations: A large majority of useful image content changes slowly across images Experiments show that the human eye is less sensitive to loss of high spatial frequencies Now let’s see how we can use these observations!!! Outline Phase 1: Color transform Phase 2: Divide the picture Phase 3: Conversion to frequency domain Phase 4: Quantization Phase 5: Entropy Coding Comparison to other formats Outline – phase 1 (lossless) Phase 1: Color transform Phase 2: Divide the picture Phase 3: Conversion to frequency domain Phase 4: Quantization Phase 5: Entropy Coding Comparison to other formats Color transform RGB->YCbCr Red RGB Image Green Blue Color transform RGB->YCbCr Transformation in the color space RGB has all the information, however, if we want to encode, we can’t decide which of the Red/Green/Blue is more important. Y – brightness (luma), Cb – Chromatic blue, Cr – Chromatic red. Only Y will show black/white TV. More bits are used for Y, less for the Cb/Cr...
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...------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- What is Internet and how does it Work? Radu Zatreanu HS Web Design 10 B 02/13/12 We can't imagine our lives without it anymore, by having one using it from hour to hour on a daily basis. Multi-purpose as it had accustomed us, right from the beginning, the "Internet" has pushed well-established limits forward, in terms of jobs, socializing, financing, information or entertainment. Its full potential is not used, yet it will be discovered in future, it is predictable. However, there are numerous limitations reported to using such technology, as it creates dependancy. Deaths have been found out of children or teenagers spending 24 hrs. or more on the internet. Another serious problem would be the inverse effect of virtual socializing. Instead of having people talking to each other, you get messengers in form of (computer and internet), speaking for yourself. This affects not only the youth but also adults as it tends to change their moods/emotions and bring introverts out of them. However, it is important to look at the internet's history, how it all started, how it did progress over such a short period of time and most important, the complexity of its system. The history of the internet has its roots to as early as 1957, right after URSS successfully managed to launch the...
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...Innovation Name: Nintendo Switch 2a. Nintendo Switch, the purpose of the Nintendo Switch is to allow gamers to take their consoles on the go and at your own comfortable home. The Nintendo Switch is both a home and handheld console something that no other major video game hardware developer has successfully done before. How does the Nintendo Switch work? The Nintendo Switch's software supports online gaming through standard Internet connectivity, as well as local wireless ad hoc connectivity with other Switch consoles. 2b. Quick summary of the process I used the Nintendoswitch.com for most of the information that you see here on the paper. The tool I used to help me with this paper is word count. It helped me by counting the words so I wouldn’t...
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...How do philosophical arguments work? The idea of philosophy incorporates numerous types of differentiating arguments that involve views on philosophical issues such as major topics such as, God’s existence or whether Morality is subjective. As well as this, the types of arguments that philosophical issues can consist of can also be used as background knowledge for the specified argument. Arguments are made in terms of ‘proofs’ which is “an argument that begins with one or more premise, which are propositions taken for granted for the purposive the argument and argues to a conclusion” which is stated by an author Richard Swinbourne in his novel regarding the existence of God. Another aspect of a proof is that it cannot be false in regards to it being factual. Mathematics is an example of this as a sum of 5+5=10 and in the definition of 5+5, it must always equal to 10. A proof can be untrue but cannot be false and there is a very big difference between these two statements as a proof has to be a logically proven statement. A proof has to include a premise in which i previously stated and a premise is a statement that an argument claims will induce or justify a conclusion. a premise is an assumption that something is true in which it requires a set of at least two declarative sentences(propositions) known as the premises along with another proposition commonly known as the conclusion. This structure of two premises and one conclusion forms the basic argumentative structure...
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...How does labeling works in Azerbaijan? If we look around us, we can notice that most of the products we use have icons on them, which we call labels or sustainable certification. This term refers to standards related to some issues like food, social and environmental, and it is taken by companies to show off their quality and performance to some people. This so called “labeling” started in 1980s and 90s when some labels, called “Ecolabels”, were introduced to the world. However, after 90s, the number of these labels has rapidly increased. There are two premises of these sustainable standards. First, they began to appear in the places where legislation was not so powerful, and these places demanded some action. Especially, NGO movements around the world needed these actions that were also supported by the consumer. The most interesting factories like Nike, Levi Strauss and other famous brands helped to create the welfare standards. Second, in order to show the truth about both environmental and organic values of products, which helped to increase the number of labels tremendously. We can show FLO International as an example that gained huge success and sales in the world because of their product. Other example is Forest Stewardship Council’s Standards (FSC) used for many products made from trees. However, there are some problems between consumers and B2B standards that lead many buyers to buy only something with a certain label: for example to buy books with only FSC mark...
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...Electronic data interchange (EDI) is a document standard which when implemented acts as common interface between two or more computer applications in terms of understanding the document transmitted. It is commonly used by big companies for e-commerce purposes, such as sending orders to warehouses or tracking their order. It is more than mere e-mail; for instance, organizations might replace bills of lading and even cheques with appropriate EDI messages. It also refers specifically to a family of standards. In 1996, the National Institute of Standards and Technology defined electronic data interchange as "the computer-to-computer interchange of strictly formatted messages that represent documents other than monetary instruments. EDI implies a sequence of messages between two parties, either of whom may serve as originator or recipient. The formatted data representing the documents may be transmitted from originator to recipient via telecommunications or physically transported on electronic storage media." It distinguishes mere electronic communication or data exchange, specifying that "in EDI, the usual processing of received messages is by computer only. Human intervention in the processing of a received message is typically intended only for error conditions, for quality review, and for special situations. For example, the transmission of binary or textual data is not EDI as defined here unless the data are treated as one or more data elements of an EDI message and are not...
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...Over the years I have had many conversations with music artists about commercial music, which usually leads to them disclosing their disdain and hatred of it. Some refer to pop music (pop, as in what’s popular now) as commercial music. Others think of anything that is receiving heavy rotation on radio as commercial music. Whatever their definition, one thing is often overlooked: commercial music is the heart of the music industry which pumps the blood that keeps it alive. So why then are so many music artists resistant to making commercial music? The answer that I’m often given is because they don’t want to “sell-out” their creative integrity by conforming to some industry version of what’s popular (i.e. what’s selling). It becomes very obvious to me that the problem is not commercial music, but rather the perception and definition of it. The misconception is that the music industry created this rigid definition of commercial music. That fallacy is often perpetuated by music artists who or either unwilling or incapable of creating commercially viable songs. The truth is, the public dictates what is commercial, and for decades they have gravitated towards, embraced, and purchased records that adhere to a commercial music format. If commercial music is the rule for success and sales in the music industry, there are inevitably going to be some exceptions to it, but unfortunately, the tendency is for music artists to try and become the exception, instead of observing the rules...
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...How Does Information Systems Support Business Processes CIS/207 May 1, 2012 How Does Information Systems Support Business Processes Information systems is a integrated set of components for collecting, storing and processing data ad for delivering information, knowledge, and digital products. Businesses reley on information systems to carry out and manage their operations, interact with their customers and suppliers, and compete in the marketplace (Zwass, 2012). Most business organizations are becoming more and more dependent on information systems to manage and maintain their internal organization infracstructures. It is necessity to maintain up-to-date, complete and accurate information to stay competitive in the changing world. Organizations utilize many types of information systems to assist in their daily operations. Some typical functional systems within an organization are human resources, accounting and finance, sales and marketing, operations, and manufacturing. Within these functions information systems play a various roles, such as in human resources, information system duties may include recruiting and training while in operations some duties may include order management and customer service. In other words business processesses are the ways in which organizations perform different tasks. Therefore it is very important to analyze business processes in order to determine how the information system can support that process. ...
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...Work plays an important part in our lives. Growing up we see our parents, grandparents and relatives work to provide for their family. In order to survive in this world, an individual has to work. A man’s basic needs; food, clothing and shelter comes with a price, and in order to have the basic needs a man has to work. Most people like us work in order to get compensated and have enough to feed the family. Some people work to succeed. They do not just have a job, but they want careers. They will challenge themselves to go higher and higher in the business world. They work not only for the money but for self-respect and gratification about themselves. Individuals, who are born rich, will consider pursuing their hobbies into work. They start their own fashion line, or perfumes, become a singer or actor, but all this is considered work. Different cultures look at work differently. I was born and raised in India. Growing up, friends, relatives and neighbors all at some point of time dreamt about coming to America, the land of opportunities. I knew a few people who came here to work, and heard stories from them about how the working environment in America is different from that in India. It made me want to come here and take advantage of the opportunities out here and make a name for myself. When I first came here and started working at the hospital, I came across various cultures, but all had one thing in common, they all worked hard. There was no job that was inferior to the...
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...How does change affect people at work? What are some of the current forces for change in the workplace? What are the implications for HR managers? Introduction Organizational changes do not appear from themselves. For any process of performing something, there is a reason, and the process is the result of that reasons. Increasing globalization, rapid technological advancement, changing economic conditions and organization’s financial performance are some of the current forces that cause change in organizations. Current forces for change in the workplace 1. Globalization Globalization on one hand creates more opportunities as there are more potential customers around the world. However, it also means there will be fierce competition, as local companies have to compete with foreign companies as well. In terms of the organization’s structure and the human capitals, globalization intensified the need for more responsive and flexible organizations and employees. Globalization has also led to diversification of the labour poll. Companies can locate or relocate to where the tax laws are most advantageous and where skilled, cost-effective labor is most readily available. Workloads can be spread over several time zones to cut production costs and facilitate delivery schedules. Many organizations started to offshore or exporting jobs from developed to undeveloped countries for the reason of lowering the labor costs and exploiting new opportunities (Babcock 2004). According...
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...Merklin_Guided Writing Research What is Guided Writing? Gibson describes guided writing as a “small-group instructional framework presented to students who share similar needs at a particular point in time. Guided writing provides an important context for teachers' in-the-moment assessment and immediate instructional scaffolding of students' construction of their own individual text" Gibson (2008). In other words, Guided Writing means working with small groups of students with similar needs in writing development. Teachers can use this time to help them see where the students are and how to help students progress. How does Guided Writing Work? Several steps make up a Guided Writing lesson: a brief shared experience, discussion of targeted...
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...Q.1 How does change affect people at work? Managing Change : Change is Charming Embrace it ! A change means any process involving a difference in some feature of an organization at two points in time. Change is a fact of life for any organization. It is unavoidable that all organizations need to change their practice time to time as per requirement to remain in competitive market. In current scenario the organization who have made the changes as per current requirement are succeed in the market. Change can be either planned or emergent. In planned change there is a sequence of steps but in emergent change is not simply chaotic change. It takes place in incremental and gradual ways on an ongoing basis. Employees have a more proactive role to play in the change process. Many organizations practice a mixture of both planned and emergent change. When the people in organization realize that their current organizational culture required to transform to support the organization’s success and progress, change can happened but it is not so easy. Change can be affect the people by following ways 1. Fear of the unknown 2. Fear of failure 3. Disagreement with the need for change 4. Losing something of valu 5. Leaving a comfort zone 6. False beliefs 7. Misunderstanding and lack of trust 8. Inertia 9. Job insecurity 10. Feel job pressures 11. Loss of commitment to the organization 12. Survival problem in changed situation 13. Adjustment...
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