...Nature vs. Nurture Troy Crosland WGU Issues in Behavior Science GLT1 Nature vs. Nurture Issues concerning the nature vs. nurture debate are amongst the oldest in science. This debate centers around the argument of biological and genetic contributions as opposed to those imposed on human development from environmental factors. Many scholars such as Descartes and Plato suggest many of our individual traits are inherited from our parents, they happen naturally regardless of any influence from our environment. John Locke and many other prominent thinkers have promoted the idea of tabula rasa (blank slate), which promotes the idea that when born our minds are like a blank slate ready to be shaped by experience and influence from our environment. (Cherry, 2011, p. 1) The controversy surrounding the nature vs. nurture debate is over whether children develop various attributes based on their genetics known as “nature” or is it more associated to how they are raised which is know as “nurture”. (Sessions & Larson, 2011, expression 1) So why does it matter if we are born intelligent, or become intelligent? There are many reasons the nature vs. nurture debate continues, her are a few reasons: * Parenthood/Relationships: If specific attributes are due to environmental factors (nurture), parents and educators can implement the most effective methods discovered in order to get the best results. If said attributes are determined to be more influenced by genetics (nature)...
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...The Humanities is the oldest area of the study in the world, one which originated with the first considerations of human beings about who they were, where they came from, and what they ought to do. It deals with questions fundamental to what it means to be human and what we value. Hence, the Humanities encompasses religious studies, ethics, aesthetics, and the relationship between the personal, the social and the political. There are a number of benefits that may be gained through a study of the Humanities: First, it provides an individual with an opportunity for personal development and the understanding of others. It asks questions about human nature, political and social values, and how we ought to behave, The analysis of important tests helps us to understand the human condition and why it is that we behave as we do. Indeed, the Humanities is very important in giving us an understanding of today’s world. There are a number of profound analyses of preventive war and the nature of colonial authority. Understanding the role of woman in society and gender issues has a long tradition. The nature of sexuality and the morality surrounding it is the subject of a multitude of profound commentaries. The difference between what is and what ought to be is at the centre of great protest literature, art and music. Second, the Humanities teaches about one’s own culture and many others. Through the Humanities, students can gain a deep understanding of one’s own background and knowledge...
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...It was hypothesized by John Locke, that an individual begins life as a tabula rasa or ‘blank slate’. Locke presented in 1690, Essay Concerning Human Understanding, which argued an originary state of formlessness (R. Duschinsky), whereby the mind is receptive to learning, but experience is the determinant in attaining knowledge. Locke’s behaviourist perspective favours the role of experiential growth (nurture), over genetic predisposition (nature), in the development of human behaviour. This notion is inaccurate, as in actuality, the shaping of human behaviour does not rely solely on learned experience. Human behaviour is in fact a mutual interaction of both genetic and environmental factors, with genetic predisposition playing a substantial role. It was argued by G.W Leibniz that an individual inherently contains the sources of various notions which external objects merely rouse up on suitable occasions. This essay will concur with Leibniz’s philosophy that in fact it is the interplay of individual nature and nurture which drives the development of human behaviour, in particular, antisocial behaviour, to in turn, contradict John Locke’s tabula rasa hypothesis. Antisocial behaviours are disruptive acts characterised by hostility, intentional aggression towards others and destructive behaviour. The behaviour includes repeated violations and definance of social rules and authority, and a reckless disregard for self and others. It is characterised by deceitfulness and theft, and...
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...Human behavior is affected by many elements. A dominant factor that plays a role in the development of one's behavior is the content of one's environment. Emerging scientific studies have proven that the children of upcoming generations are unconsciously suffering from “nature deprivation” (Bratman; Nature experience, cognitive function, and mental health.) or nature deficit disorder. “Nature deficit disorder refers to a hypothesis by Richard Louv in his 2005 book Last Child In The Woods that human beings, especially children, are spending less time outdoors [2] resulting in a wide range of behavioral problems” (Wikipedia). Behavioral problems and cognitive development issues are most prevalent in young children of the current generation. Cognitive abilities began to develop during the early stages of childhood....
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...Running head: NATURE VS. NURTURE/CULTURE The Ongoing Debate of Nature vs. Nurture/Culture Psychology 3520 Social Psychology Abstract In compiling information from our class text and a variety of journals in the Capella library, I have come up with some interest notions on the age old controversy of nature vs. nurture. Biologists declare nature as an innate trait given to all human being (e.g., reflexes and primary needs). Which makes us consider, is this all there is to human development? Is there something else at work? Are there other factors that play a key role in our development? At this turn we must consider nurture/culture. We as human beings are born into societies with all sorts of set norms, social structures and attitudes that manipulate the way in which we develop. The question we will be looking at is which one of these, nature or nurture has the most significant role in our overall development. Or is there yet still something else to add to the pot. Some say there are dimensions that intersect and work in conjunction with one another to form who we are as humans being. Viktor Frankl (1967) noted that the person lives in three interpenetrating dimensions: soma (the physical body), psyche (the emotions and intellect), and the noëtic (the soul). The noëtic dimension includes free will, responsibility, choice, spirituality, and the unique meaning capacity of Homo sapiens. Is it time to reinvent the wheel: Nature, Nurture and Noetic? Introduction The...
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...Enlightened Literature on Human Nature The Age of Reason, also known as the Enlightenment, was a movement in which the power of reason was employed to rethink and reform society as a whole as well as various other concepts of human existence. During that time period (about 1650-1800), numerous thinkers such as John Locke, Isaac Newton and Voltaire exercised reason to challenge the basis of their society, which was built on the premise of an Almighty God. Prior to the Enlightenment, the answer to countless questions was only known to God and God alone; however, with the deterioration of this presumption, man was left to discover everything he once believed to be incomprehensible. These noble men questioned religion, science, mathematics and eventually came to question how men should be governed, how money and economics should function and how the human race should operate. The examination of mankind led to many varying philosophies that depicted men as wild, blood-thirsty beasts of passion or sensible, upright creatures, creating juxtaposition. Many forms of writing were directly influenced by the social and philosophical measures this time period contained. Articulated in the literature was man’s questioning of every idea that was once certain, promoting the desire to examine human nature. The influx of knowledge and reason combine with the rebuttal against the idea of an omniscient deity heavily influenced Enlightenment literature. With the invention of the printing press...
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...Nature vs. Nurture There is an issue that has been conferred upon by philosophers in the past and still so by scientists today. This issue is whether heredity or environment plays a greater role in the determining or shaping of an individual's behavior. It is known as the nature versus nurture debate. Numerous generations before us have deliberated on the reasons behind the development of human behavior. There have been many theories formulated to explain why humans behave the way they do. The surviving theories for behavior derive from physiological and sociological explanations. However, the two explanations have not always been compatible with each other. The famous nature vs. nurture debate over human behavior resulted from conflicting views between proponents of the physiological (nature) and sociological (nurture) explanations. Throughout history, research has swayed popularity back and forth between the theories. Yet, theorists have broken down the line separating nature and nurture. As of today, people utilize both explanations to explore human behavior. Way before our time, early philosophers endeavored to understand the human behavior. As early as 350 BC, such philosophers as Plato and Aristotle tried to understand behavior. The question of nature or nurture as the primary drive can be traced to these times. Plato believed behavior and knowledge was due to innate factors. Author Fiona Cowie states, "The claim that the character of our mental furniture is to...
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...Retrospective Analysis of Personality Intro to Psychology August 31, 2014 I found doing this paper quite exciting to a certain point, until I really took a moment to glance back into my life and see the changes that have taken place. Through the years I have wondered what made me change my personality towards the way I look at things but now I see why. I drastically made those changes due to the different people and environments I have been. My personality started out as helping anyone I could, even if it left me broke. I still had that great feeling of helping someone out. My sense of humor and acting silly is something I can’t change because I myself enjoy it so much and need it; in this day and age. I have change me eagerness to help people if it means coming straight out of my pocket. I have been used, cheated, and lied to for reason I wouldn’t know why. But this is what has become of our world, and cause me to be more protective of my feelings as well as my outlook. It’s quite sad to add that majority of my friends I can’t like I use to but just as the saying goes. Keep your friends close but enemies closer. Fast-growing understanding of the human genome has made it clear that both sides of the debate have merit. Nature endows us with inborn abilities and traits; nurture takes these genetic tendencies and molds them as we learn and mature. That’s it, right? Ha! The "nature vs nurture" debate still rages on, as scientist fight over how much of who we are is shaped by...
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...original worldview outline, it serves to expand on the issues and give intelligent analysis to my beliefs. As this semester draws to a close, and I re-evaluate my worldview outline, I a consistency between my beliefs and those presented in the course material. After analyzing the major questions, I have been able to find academic support for each belief that I hold. The first question we were asked was ‘Who is God, and what is he like?’ my initial answer was that God is the creator of heaven and earth, the supreme celestial being that oversees and influences everyday events. As to His characteristics, I believe that he is absolutely just while being full of grace. He is absolute power, under perfect control. He has intense emotions, but perfect reactions to them. That is who God is to me. The second question was about humans, what they were, and what happened when they died. A human is a being created in the image of God, with capabilities for reason, and an innate understanding of right and wrong. When a human dies, they go to one of two places. Those who have chosen to follow God will go to heaven. Those who don’t will go to hell. The third question was ‘what is the nature of the universe?’ When I hear that, I have to ask what they mean by nature. I have to look around and say ‘is it the actual physical world, and how it fits into a bigger picture? I would assume so, and say that by nature, what God created was good, And was later polluted by sin. The most confusing question...
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...Nature vs. Nurture in Psychology PSYCH 101 Nature vs. Nurture in Psychology What makes you think, feel, and behave the way you do? Were you born predisposed to live the life you are currently living, or were you born a blank canvas upon which your experiences gave shape and expression to the person you are today? These are the types of questions the Nature vs. Nurture debate has posed and scientists have probed for over a century. In this paper we will look at some of the aspects of this debate the scientific community does not attend to, or dismisses, the origin and history of this debate, the essential characteristics around which this issue is debated, and where scientists are today in understanding this issue. What are your thoughts on the Nature vs. Nurture argument? Sir Galton wrote in his book English Men of Science (1874), “Nature is all that a man brings with him into the world; nurture is every influence that affects him after his birth,” (p. 12). I have been led to believe that our biology (nature), our environment (nurture), and our cognitive abilities all interplay and influence our resulting personality and other existing traits. We are, as Myers (2012) continuously asserts, biopsychosocial beings (p.124). These aspects of our existence work in accord to actuate the developmental potential written into our genetic code. Where I think there is a deficiency in the theories proffered, in attempt to answer the Nature vs. Nurture...
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...In A Separate Peace, the topic of human nature is a recurring theme, and is used to justify actions through the course of the novel. The publication proves that human nature is inadvertently evil due to humanity’s natural will to survive and to prosper in society and among fellow peers. Over the course of the novel, the main characters find themselves battling internal and external conflicts due to their characters and the environment in which they find themselves. More often than not, Gene succumbs to his desire of reaching a higher social standing among his peers, and his actions reflect on man's natural desire to flourish in social climates. However, even though the novel focuses on the evil tendencies of human nature, it also displays...
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...tease him? Or say he has a hard time keeping his grades up? Those things are going to have an impact on him as much, if not more, than his relationship with his parents. Also, if he lives in a bad neighborhood and his peers are using drugs or alcohol, that could be a big influence on how he deals with his problems. Of course, I believe that it will be a great protective factor for him if he does have parents that will support him. But if the situation were reversed, I feel that if his relationship with his parents is not a very good one, then the proper support from his friends and teachers could be a big help to him. Before this class, I never really considered what a major influence a child's environment can have. I knew about the "nature vs. nurture" theory, but I would have thought that the child's parents would have the most influence on them. But after examining all aspects of a child's life, I feel that a child's peers, school and community are even more important. References Baumrind, Diana (2003, August) Parenting Styles. Retrieved April 7, 2006, from http://www.devpsy.org/teaching/parent/baumrind_styles.html Dinwiddie, Sue (2000, April 20) Effective Parenting Styles. Retrieved April 7, 2006, from http://kidsource.com/better.world.press/parenting.html World Works. Parenting and Discipline. Life Matters. Retrieved April 7, 2006 from...
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...they are young. For this reason their nurture and occupations should be fixed by law; for they will not be painful when they have become customary. But it is surely not enough that when they are young they should get the right nurture and attention: since they must, even when they are grown up, practise and be habituated to them, we shall need laws for this as well, and generally speaking to cover the whole of life; for most people obey necessity rather than argument, and punishments rather than the sense of what is noble. (Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, Book X, chapter 10) This is a very important quote coming from Nicomachean Ethics, Book X, chapter 10, where Aristotle tries to explain that most young people don’t tend out of their own nature to act virtuous. But not because they don’t want to, but because they don’t know to act in this way. We need to train, drill, and educate the youth of this generation to act in a virtuous way. Aristotle believes children should be taught at all times whether at school or at home to act in the correct ways. When these children are young they need education and habituation, Aristotle preaches throughout Book X, chapter 10. Virtue naturally brings pleasure at virtuous acts, but its active exercise, as needed for happiness, depends to some extent on goods outside the human’s control. Just like children, adults also don’t automatically tend to virtue themselves and don’t follow arguments. Adults seem to live more of a self-centered lifestyle...
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...ESSAY: STAGE 1 NATURE VS NURTURE Intro Nature VS Nurture has been a long going debate for many of centuries. Many of people have argued for what side they think is correct. Psychologists such as; Many other studies have been done When in psychology we talk about Nature this means our genetics, what we are born with. Nurture refers to how we have experienced life and how as a child how parents have brought us up. Environmental factors also contribute to Nurture. Many studies have been done in this debate, in the studies there have been twins separated at birth. The twins were moved to opposite sides of the world with completely different family types. When the twins were reunited some aspects of them were the same but things like their beliefs and look on life were different Nature normally refers to our genetics. What we are born with; we may be born with a chemical imbalance causing us to be more depressed then happy or we may have a bad temper. Some genetic mental disease may run through the family such as depression or bipolar. Researcher’s studies people and their relatives because they share most genes so the studies they conduct see whether or not their characteristics are similar. Identical twins have the same genes, so this may be Nature but they usually are treated the same and grow up in the same environment. Nurture is usually the environment we are brought up in; we may be brought up on the streets which can cause us to become aggressive because you had to...
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...commitment to act in a certain manner | deontological, (add more)utilitarianism | C | If a Marines always follows orders, he will become a great leader. | Goal-based Ethics | There is an intricate design to the universe, and their goal is to achieve the most perfect society possible. | telelogical, (add more)Consequentialism,utilitarianism | B | Becoming a colonael in the Marines. | Rights-based Ethics | Certain things are acceptable in a community because most people in the community agree the behavior is acceptable. | justice, equality, (add more)Contractarianism, | A | If I worked at an abortion clinic, I would assume that it is the right thing for the individual that walks in. | Human Nature Ethics | Beliefs based on extremes of human behavior—both good and bad | egoism, hedonism, (add more)virtue | D | Every time a women walks by me, I look at her bottom. | Real-world Examples: a. I believe people should be able to eat sand if they like the taste of it. b. I believe that if sand is eaten, then it should be available for everyone to eat. c. I believe people should be able to eat sand because eating sand is the right thing to do. d. I believe people should be able to eat sand because it is good for their...
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