...Asian J. Pharm. Tech. 2013; Vol. 3: Issue 1, Pg 26-29 [AJPTech.] ISSN- 2231–5705 (Print) www.asianpharmaonline.org ISSN- 2231–5713 (Online) 0974-3618 RESEARCH ARTICLE Effects of Methanolic Extracts of Quisqualis indica (Aerial Parts) on Passive Smoking Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats Jyoti Sahu*1,2, Pushpendra Kumar Patel1,2 and Balkrishna Dubey1 T.I.T. College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Anand Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India- 462021 SBRL Indrapuri, Bhopal (M.P.) *Corresponding Author E-mail: jyotisahupharma@gmail.com 2 1 ABSTRACT: In the present study the hypolipidemic activity of methanolic extracts of aerial parts of Quisqualis indica (QI) including flowers on passive smoking (PS) induced hyperlipidemia in rats had been evaluated. Hyperlipidemia was induced by passive smoking in a closed chamber having 1 burning ciggrette inside it. The hypolipidemic activity was analysed by reading the blood serum level in UV at 505 nm after treated with reagent present in auto span diagnostic kit. Dose of Methanolic extracts of QI had been prepared by using distilled water i.e. 200 mg/kg p.o. Methanolic extracts of QI significantly reduce the harmful lipid layer in blood serum at varying concentration and dose dependent manner which shows that the plant carries the hypolipidemic properties. It reduces the LDL, VLDL, cholesterol, triglyceride and raise HDL level in blood serum upto certain extent which was may be due to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation as the plants...
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...weight (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). Therefore, patients should be taught the importance of following a strict diabetic diet and losing weight. In addition, research has shown that behavioral modifications are more effective than medicinal measures. For instance, healthcare providers can prescribe metformin to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes as well. However, metformin reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes less dramatically than behavioral modifications (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases,...
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...Health Promotion: Adult Obesity NURP 570: Health Promotion: A Global Perspective February 10, 2016 Health Promotion: Adult Obesity Obesity has become America’s most serious epidemic. After smoking, it is the leading cause of preventable, premature death in the United States (Daddario, 2007). An estimated 400,000 deaths are attributed to obesity in the United States each year (Christou, 2004). Higher death rates are also attributed to secondary conditions and diseases related to obesity. Nurse practitioners are involved in many aspects of the overweight or obese patient’s care. This care can be managed directly in a weight management program (teaching and counseling for conventional weight management or bariatric surgery) or through providing care to the patient affected by one or more of the many comorbidities of obesity (Daddario, 2007). Lifestyle changes are relevant when a patient’s body mass index (BMI) has increased to 25–29.9 or the point of being overweight. Behavior change models are important to prevent weight gain and to help the person meet the goal of living a healthier, longer life. The Health Belief Model (HBM) addresses the effects of beliefs on health and the decision process of making behavioral changes (Daddario, 2007). The HBM consists of five components (Edelman, 2013). * Perceived susceptibility is a person’s perceived risk for contracting an illness or health condition of concern to the researchers. * Perceived severity is a person’s perception...
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...Knowledge Analysis Patricia Warble University of Maryland April 26, 2015 Data to Knowledge Analysis It is estimated that at least 94% of the U. S. population have at least one cardiovascular/stroke risk factor, with major risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, obesity) in at least 38% (Roger, et al., 2012). The presence of peripheral arterial or carotid disease detected during community cardiovascular screening changes risk stratification. Evidence-based treatment guidelines, such as aspirin and statin use can be implemented in those with risk factors to minimize the risk of a life threatening or debilitating health event such as myocardial infarction or stroke. The Dare to Care (DTC) program is a community cardiovascular screening program that utilizes ultrasound to screen for carotid atherosclerosis and abdominal aneurysm, in addition to peripheral arterial disease, hypertension (HTN), and self-report risk factor assessment. A clinical question of interest: How effective is a community cardiovascular screening program in identifying persons with subclinical atherosclerosis, who are at risk and not on appropriate preventative treatments such as aspirin and statins? The purpose of this paper is to identify potential data sources, discuss data access implications, and identify strengths and weaknesses of data sets and identity potential data analysis testing tools. Potential Data Sources The DTC program utilizes an old FoxPro SQL database to enter...
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...Biology Research Paper 2 Lifestyle and Diseases Lifestyle diseases are caused by the way we live our lives. A lifestyle disease is defined mainly as it being a disease that is associated with the way that a person or people live. Lifestyle disease increase and appear more frequently in more industrial countries. They occur when people have poor food habits which affects our overall health. Lifestyle disease are not caused by viruses or bacteria, but are caused by someone’s unhealthy habits. Some lifestyle diseases are some forms of cancer, but most are Heart diseases, diabetes, and stokes. Heart disease is any of several abnormalities that affect the heart muscle or the blood vessels of the heart. They are the number one cause of mortality and morbidity in the US. There are a couple dozen forms of this lifestyle disease. Heart disease can lead to congestive heart failure, a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood meet the demand of the body. Diabetes is a disease that affects sugars used by the body. There are four main types of diabetes. Type l diabetes is also caed insulin-dependent diabetes, juvenile onset diabetes, brittle diabetes, and ketosis prone diabetes. Type ll diabetes is also called non-insulin dependent diabetes, adult onset diabetes, ketosis-resistant diabetes and stable diabetes. Type lll or gestational diabetes, occurs in...
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...For the most part, EHRs improve communication by doing away with handwriting errors, reduce time pulling charts, and enable multiple staff to simultaneously work on the same patient chart. [7] The EHR also has a remarkable potential to improve quality of care through CPOE and further, aids in the measuring quality and performance data.[6] Studies, however, have shown mixed results regarding medical errors and adverse events with the use of CPOE.[6] 3.2.1 RESEARCH Prior to EHRs, information about quality and performance was obtained by examining insurance claims. There are several limitations to obtaining information through insurance claims such as incomplete sampling methods and the complexity of assigning attribution of specific care to physicians.[21]...
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...Vulnerable Population and Self-Awareness Paper NUR 440 Elizabeth Morris Monday, July 08, 2013 Professor Susan Maxwell The vulnerability of the Hispanic population in the United States is still widely unknown. Everyday we see more and more Hispanic patients coming into our healthcare facilities and we think we have learned so much from them, but there is still much more to learn. The Hispanic population is very different from the American culture. Their belief in the healthcare system in this country is as different as the Hispanic food is to the American food. The way they see and care for their family is as different as the English and the Spanish language are to one another. American medicine is so much of a mystery to the Hispanic culture that it will take many years for them to believe and understand it. In the episode of the neighborhood we meet Gil. Gil Martin is a 52 year old Hispanic male who is married to Helen. Gil and Helen have two children together. Gil has a child from a previous marriage and Helen also has a child from a previous relationship, whom Gil has raised since the child was 3 years old. Gil is a hardworking man with a decent paying job that does not have all the benefits that Gil needs at this time in his life. Gil Martin also has some health problems including, chronic back pain and hyperlipidemia. Gil’s father recently passed away and this has left his mother to tend to herself. This has been very had for Gil’s mother and Gil has been spending...
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...Pathopharmacological Foundations for Advanced Nursing Practice Competency Assessment WUT Task 1 Pamela L. Taylor RN-C(OB), BSN Western Governors University June 2016 A. Disease Process For the purpose of discussion of pathopharmacological features of a specific disease process, this paper will provide information related to heart disease in the form of coronary artery disease (CAD). A1. Pathophysiology Analysis Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of mortality worldwide and becoming a steadily more investigated problem due to its prevalence. Much research is going into genetic, inflammatory mechanisms and neuro-hormonal factors related to CVD as scientific knowledge evolves regarding complexity of this broad pathophysiology. Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of the subsection of CVD called CAD. This is a form of arteriosclerosis where there is progressive thickening and hardening of the vessel walls of the two major coronary arteries and their branches. The thickening is an accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages inside the wall of the artery leading to the formation of lesions and plaque buildup (McCance, K. & Huether, S., 2014). When the plaque develops on the coronary artery walls the pumping ability of the heart becomes impaired as oxygen and nutrients needed for heart function may be partially or completely impeded. Complete occlusion of a coronary artery or one of its branches leads to a myocardial...
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...hair color, eye color and height. Genes also play a big role in weight and health promotion. Therefore, it is important to understand the genetic effects and the gene-environment interaction related to our nutrition and weight status. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the genetic effects and the gene-environment effect individuals. We will also mention how increasing the proportion of physician office visits made by patients with a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia would also factor into genes and nutrition effects. We will explore genetic predisposition and environmental exposures. We will also talk about the protective factors and risk...
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...what can be done to increase prescription adherence for overall improved patient health and preventive care. Reasons for a decrease in prescription adherence, beyond health literacy, were used as supporting evidence to lay ground work for future research efforts. This research seeks to prove that low health literacy is a leading cause of prescription nonadherence in the Medicare population and that more effort is needed from physicians and health insurance providers to eliminate this...
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...Economic Issues Simulation Paper/ Constructit Ruby Medders HCS/440 March 16, 2015 Lori Geddes Economic Issues Simulation Paper/ Constructit The research was done on determining which insurance policy would be better for a striving company. My decision was to research Constructit; I will give you my reasons behind choosing this company, benefits that will help the employees of this company and why I think this was the better choice for this company. (Getzen, 2013) Profile The companies name is Constructit, it employees 1000 people. The demographics for this company is ages 26-45 years old, there are 406 people between the ages of 26-30, 314 people between the ages of 31-35, and 82 people between the ages of 41-45. The total count for this company is 550 men and 450 women and 60% of the people are married. The physical condition of the people who work for Constructit shows that 32 % of the employees are involved in great physical activity, 25% is involved in a moderate physical activity, and the rest of the employees which is 43% are involved in sedentary activities. The health risk of the employee has been rated moderately high for health risk in this group. The good part of the research showed that 35% of the group has no major health risk, although 18% of the people who work for this company are smokers. (Getzen, 2013) According to report some of the major causes of work absenteeism at Constructit are injuries, respiratory system diseases, digestive disorders...
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...Case study This paper will use a case study approach to explore the registered adult nurse’s role in the holistic care, in the first 24 hours, given to patient presenting with chest pain, caused by a myocardial infarction (MI). Using clinical guidance and evidence based research. The case study will use the ABCDE assessment framework. The resuscitation council (2006) recommends that nurses should follow the ABCDE method when assessing acutely and critically ill patients as it ensures nurses quickly and accurately identify acute illness and promptly begin management of the condition/ illness (Jevon, 2010). The aim of the assessment is to determine the cause of the chest pain efficiently and prioritise care needed. The main priorities were; pain control, informing appropriate medical staff and the nurse in charge, reperfusion of myocardial tissue, managing anxiety and monitoring for complications of MI and the effects of the treatment given. A MI occurs when a coronary artery becomes occluded, most commonly by a thrombus due to the rupture of an atherosclerotic artery which results in the necrosis of myocardial tissue because of the ischemia the thrombus causes (O’Neil, 1996). For the purpose of this case study and in order to protect confidentiality and anonymity the patient used will be fictitious and given a pseudonym. However the events the case study follows are very much a reality (Edwards, 2002). Case scenario Brian, a 64 year old male, was recovering...
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...limiting or stopping the flow of blood to the organs tissues. The purpose of this paper is to relate the underlining cellular events of atherosclerosis to its pathology and treatment. In this paper I will discuss the causes that influence the events and advancement of atherosclerosis. I will review the risk factors, pathogenesis, signs & symptoms, dietary implications and drug treatments. Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis is a progressive process that leads to the hardening and thickening of arteries. This is caused by plaque build-up due to the accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages (McCance& Huether. 2010). The formation of plaque deposits can slow down or block the flow of blood to other parts of the body, depriving the organs of oxygen. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process that affects the body’s whole vascular system leading to many coronary artery and cerebrovascular diseases Etiology: There are many theories pertaining to the etiology but, studies are still unclear about the direct cause of atherosclerosis (Mallika, Goswami, & Rajappa, 2007). Risk factors There are many risk factors that lead to the progression of atherosclerosis. The risk factors all led to an excessive amount of cholesterol in the blood which can lead to plaque build-up ( Mallika, Goswami & Rajappa, 2007). Here are some atherosclerosis risk factors, increased age, obesity, genetics, Hyperlipidemia; which is high levels of LDLs, cholesterol, and triglycerides in the blood, these causes...
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...METHODOLOGY The objective of this chapter is to define nursing research, analyse methods of research and outline methodological process used to find articles on which to base this extended literature review. In this hypothesis, the reason for literature review is to ascertain whether or not gastric banding is an effective treatment for obesity in young adults as measured by physical functioning. The research process is the step-by-step procedure of developing research paper (Boje, 2001). It normally consists of following stages: detection of the research problem; preparation of search plan; searching and assessing the literature; data collection and evaluation; formulating a research design; and presenting the research findings (Cormack, 1996). The ability of nurses and other health care professionals to locate and identify existing literature on a relevant topic is an essential nursing skill (Burns & Grove, 2003). The sources where they can gain and expand research knowledge from may include personal or specialist experiences and clinical procedures and guidelines (Eccles & Mason, 2001). Before they can be made assessable to health care workers, guidelines and procedures are required to go through rigorous process of dissemination, before they can be made assessable to health care workers to be used in practice (Craig & Smith, 2007). Some of the organisations responsible for underwriting and implementation of clinical guidelines into clinical practice...
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...Family Health Promotion in Nursing Practice February 22, 2014 Family Health Promotion Health promotion is defined as the science and art of helping people improve their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). The World Health Organization (WHO) believes health promotion allows health to be a resource and not the objective of living (WHO, 2012). This paper will review the purpose of health promotion as related to nursing practice, and how nursing roles and responsibilities have evolved in regards to health promotion and implementation on the prevention, management and long term maintenance and rehabilitation on Stroke patients, including preventing education to the public and communities, on a primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention level (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). A stroke is caused by the disruption of the blood supply to the brain, usually related to a blood vessel ruptures or blocked by a clot, as define by World Health Organization. The blockage of oxygen and nutrients to the brain’s tissues can cause permanent damage to the brain tissue. Warning signs of stroke are, sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, most often on one side of the body. Other symptoms include: confusion, difficulty speaking or understanding speech; difficulty seeing with one or both eyes; walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination; severe headache with no known cause; fainting or unconsciousness. The effects of a stroke...
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