...its relationship with Africa, because the benefits that Britain gained from expanding their empire into Africa were financial and territorial which allowed Britain to achieve their goal of ‘pursuit of greatness’ as there was much international rivalry. Although not all of Britain’s relationship with Africa was simply influenced by economic or financial factors, in the period of expansion 1870-1902 it may have not of just been the economical gains from expanding which was the pushing force but also Britain may have had strategic concerns in mind, they may have simply wanted to gain as much dominance within Africa as possible. Furthermore the years of 1902-1955 revealed a period of consolidation at the time where there was a lot of global conflicts going on at the time Britain’s main priority within Africa was to defend and simply keep their African empire, so it could have been a mixture of political, strategic and economic factors influencing Britain’s relationship with Africa within these particular fifty-three years. And of course lastly between 1955-1981 comes the period of contraction between Britain and Africa where the dismantling of the British colonies within Africa takes place. The period of expansion for Britain within Africa can firstly be explained through obvious economic and financial factors. During Britain’s period of expansion within Africa it had occupied a massive area of four million square miles, which is a very large amount of land to occupy in such a small...
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...The Politics of Art Throughout History The Politics of Art Throughout History John A Kenny I have read and understand the Strayer University Academic Integrity Policy listed in the Syllabus II of our classroom. In submitting this assignment, I assert that I acknowledged all sources, whether quoted or summarized, in APA citation style. I did not receive unauthorized assistance. I understand that violations of the Academic Integrity Policy will lead to disciplinary action against me, up to and including suspension or expulsion from the University. I understand that all students play a role in preserving the academic integrity of the University and have an obligation to report violations of the Academic Integrity Policy committed by other students. Name: _John A. Kenny______ Date: __Nov, 13, 2009________ Abstract A brief explanation of how art has carried political messages throughout history. The Politics of Art Throughout History Why All Art is Political When people begin to discuss the idea of the convergence of art and politics, many times the focus of the discussion gravitates toward images of propaganda art such as Rosy the Riveter, or Hitler Youth posters. While these are certainly two very obvious examples of art created purely for political reasons, I submit that all art makes some sort of political statement. The political message that is portrayed in artwork is typically influenced by a few major factors, the issues and ideas that are important...
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...significantly promoting mutual understanding and improving inter-country relationships. “Hanryu” was a sensational trend of 21st century in Asia. Out of all the countries Hanryu was introduced to, Japan exhibited a very special attitude – contempt. The idea of Hanryu even initiated street protests and demonstration involving hundreds of people in Japan. Why? Why was Japan the only country reluctant to accept this new phenomenon? The most compelling reason of this modern case can be found, ironically, in the events that happened almost a century ago: the Japanese Imperial Period. From 1876 to 2014, Japan and Korea has come all the way from the Japanese Imperial Period to the emergence of “Hanryu.” Some say “Hanryu” has finally enclosed the gap history has created between Korea and Japan. However, I argue otherwise. Japanese Imperial Period: cause and effect Also called Korea under Japanese rule, the Japanese Imperial Period officially marked its beginning with the Japan-Korea Treaty of 1876, with which Japanese officials sought to...
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...Entry into the war Nicole Gilluly History October 26, 2014 Abstract The entry of The United states in great detail further on. We will be looking at the mobilization of the United States. How they prepared there home front for a war that was already well underway in Europe and Asia. You will learn the definition of what mobilization is. Also I will be sharing a few details of mobilization as well as what I think the most impotent aspect of mobilization is. At last I will be explaining my reason for what I think on mobilization and well as some examples. Entry into the War Introduction The year was 1941 WWll was already in their second year of fighting in the war, when the United States of America enter. You will see and understand the entry of The United states in great detail further on. We will be looking at the mobilization of the United States and how they prepared there home front for a war that was already well underway in Europe and Asia. A quick definition of what mobilization exactly is it is the act of assembling and making both troops and supplies ready for war. Also I will be sharing a few details of mobilization as well as what I think the most impotent aspect of mobilization is. At last I will be explaining my reason for what I think on mobilization and well as some examples. Entry of the United States As we stated earlier the year was 1941, the true beginning of WWll stared in the year 1939 when Nazi Germany attack Poland. You may ask yourself why...
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...Russia 1. General Information: St. Petersburg, Russia is the country’s second largest city and is located in the Northwest Federal District. It is approximately 1400 square kilometers in size and has a population of 4.6 million people (as of 2005). The time zone is +3 GMT and +8 from the east coast of the United States. The government of St. Petersburg includes a governor, a city administration and a single-chamber legislative body, the City Legislative Assembly. In 2006, the governorship became an appointed position. The current governor, Valentina Matviyenko, was elected to the position in 2003, and then appointed by the President of the Russian Federation in 2006. The main airport servicing St. Petersburg is Pulkovo International Airport. If traveling by train, St Petersburg has five railway terminals – Baltiysky, Finlyandsky, Ladozhsky, Moskovsky and Vitebsky – within its borders. St. Petersburg features an extensive public transportation system consisting of an underground metro, trams and buses. The underground metro system, the most efficient of the options, opened in 1955 and features five color-coded lines. The fare for the underground transport system is always the same, no matter the distance traveled, and can be paid by token or metro pass. 2. Recent foreign investment: In 2009, the top five countries investing in St. Petersburg (categorized by percentage of total investment volume) were Belarus (15.8 percent), Switzerland (14.7...
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...Frank Lloyd Wright's Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum The Guggenheim Museum was one of Frank Lloyd Wright's greatest design and contribution to the architectural world . This museum was finished October 21 , 1959 only six months before Wright's death at the age of 91. Wright dedicated 16 years to the design and construction of the Guggenheim Museum,during which he endured constant battles with a limited budget, enforcement of strict building codes, and permits. To top it off he faced harsh criticism from his fellow artists rejecting his design of the museum. Frank Lloyd Wright was constantly having to justify his spiral innovate design that would be the home to Solomon R. Guggenheim's non objective art collection. (Lubow,1)Before diving deeper into the design of the museum we must first reflect on where Frank Lloyd Wright came from along with his many achievements to truly understand a great American architect and his famous but controversial building. In Wisconsin on June 8, 1867 Wright was born and raised by his mother Anna Wright, she was divorced when Frank was young. Anne Wright had great admiration of the arts and an appreciation for architecture. She bought her son the Fredrick Froebel children building blocks, here lies the beginning of Frank Lloyd Wright's interest for architecture (Hertz, 8-10) Wright went to the University of Wisconsin and studied engineering for two semesters before he dropped out. In 1887 he gained much experience by working for the architectural...
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...During 1939 to 1945 World War II was considered the bloodiest conflict in history. Seeds of the war were sown in the Treaty of Versailles which ended World War I. The Treaty was signed on June 28, 1919. This was negotiated among Allied powers with little participation by Germany. Boundaries and assigned liability for reparations with the five years of enforcement, the French assented to the modification of important provisions. The provisions were that Germany agreed to pay reparations under the Dawes Plan and Young Plan. However this was canceled when Hitler rise to power and destructions. What events brought the use into WWII there were a couple of things leading up to the involvement. One would be Germany had a plan to try to prevent Britain from getting their supplies for war by using unrestricted submarine ware force or known as the German U-boats. Allied ships were the only ones being sunk by this however, the “Lusitania” held large amount of passengers and many of them died. At this time the US threatened to go to war but due to Germany backing down. Germany attempted to bargain and started up sinking ships however, this time was allied and neutral ships. Another event leading up to the involvement was the economy downfall due to the stock market collapsing in the 1900’s. With the problem it just increased the tensions which lead up to the fight between Communist and Nationalist. With Adolf Hitler’s National Socialist (Nazi) party coming into power which we...
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...women were forcibly sent to Japan as comfort women: sex slaves of the Japanese military. ‘Comfort woman’ is a euphemism for a female sexual slave to the Japanese Imperial Army before and during World War II. The Japanese military recruited young and unmarried Asian women to join the military, then sent them to brothels in China and other Asian and Pacific countries in order to “comfort” Japanese soldiers. One of the few surviving Korean comfort women, Soon-duk Kim, gave the following testimony to Sangmie Choi Schellstede, the editor of the book, Comfort Women Speak: Testimony by Sex Slaves of the Japanese Military: “I was promised a job as a military nurse…[however, the Japan military took us to] a ruined village of Shanghai. Rooms were divided into tiny cubicles. Each of our fifty girls was divided to one of these cubicles. Now this house became a brothel, and we were sex slaves in it” (38). Kim was wounded due to numerous rape. She explained about the horrible remedy she received: “One day our manager gave me packets of black powder to take once a day…[But] after I used it several times, he then told me the powder was made from a leg of a Chinese soldier’s corpse” (38). This experience is not limited to Kim. Approximately 200,000 Korean women suffered as sex slaves of Japan’s military system before and during the World War II. Today, however, not many people remember this event, resulting in maltreatment towards the survivors of Korean comfort women. In the early 20th century...
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...Quintero Toro, Camilo. Birds of Empire, Birds of Nation: A history of Science, Economy, and Conservation in United States- Colombia Relations. Bogota: Universidad de los Andes, 2012. Intro. This book seeks to answer these and other questions by focusing on the study in perception of Colombian birds from the late 19th century through the first half of the 20th century, as a pretext to analyze social, scientific and environmental relations between the United States and Colombia. Understanding how ornithologists and collectors formed bird collections reveal s a rich story of international scientific relations and power structure throughout the 19th and 20th century. Reconstructing the story of Colombian birds allows the author to build a history that not only analyzes the early and complex scientific relations between the United States and Colombia, but also takes into account the importance of North America's growing influence over Latin America as well as Colombia's changing economic, cultural and social history to understand different perception of the natural world in both countries. For a North American, the study of birds brought forth a natural world where US imperialist intentions over Latin America were entirely legitimized. For Colombian naturalists, the study of birds offered another way to promote relations with the United States and incorporated Colombia into the international arena of science. At the same time, a toucan in 1940 had a different meaning to a North...
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...Gandhi's Hind Swaraj takes the form of a dialogue between two characters, The Reader and The Editor. The Reader essentially serves as the typical Indian countryman whom Gandhi would have been addressing with Hind Swaraj. The Reader voices the common beliefs and arguments of the time concerning Indian Independence. Gandhi, The Editor, explains why those arguments are flawed and interject his own arguments. As The Editor Gandhi puts it, "it is my duty patiently to try to remove your prejudice." In the dialogue which follows, Gandhi outlines four themes which structure his arguments. 1. First, Gandhi argues that ‘Home Rule is Self Rule’. He argues that it is not enough for the British to leave only for Indians to adopt a British-styled society. As he puts it, some "want English rule without the Englishman ... that is to say, [they] would make India English. And when it becomes English, it will be called not Hindustan but Englishtan. This is not the Swaraj I want.” 2. Gandhi also argues that Indian independence is only possible through passive resistance. In fact, more than denouncing violence, Gandhi argues that it is counter-productive; instead, he believes, “The force of love and pity is infinitely greater than the force of arms. There is harm in the exercise of brute force, never in that of pity.” This is essential throughout Hind Swaraj. 3. In order to exert passive resistance, Gandhi reasons that Swadeshi (self-reliance) be exercised by Indians, meaning the refusal of all trade...
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...History * The early inhabitants * The early colonial period * The British colonial era * The mineral revolution * The Anglo-Boer/South African War (October 1899 – May 1902) and its aftermath * Segregation * Apartheid * The end of apartheid * The First Decade of Freedom * Into the Second Decade of FreedomThe early inhabitantsThe discovery of the skull of a Taung child in 1924; discoveries of hominid fossils at Sterkfontein caves, a world heritage site; and the ground-breaking work done at Blombos Cave in the southern Cape, have all put South Africa at the forefront of palaeontological research into the origins of humanity. Modern humans have lived in the region for over 100 000 years.The latest discovery is a new species of hominid, Australopithecus sediba, almost two million years old. It was discovered in the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site, 40 kilometres from Johannesburg, South Africa in 2010. The small, mobile bands of Stone-Age hunter- gatherers, who created a wealth of rock art, were the ancestors of the Khoikhoi and San of historical times. The Khoikhoin and San (the "Hottentots" and "Bushmen" of early European terminology), although collectively known as the Khoisan, are often thought of as distinct peoples.The former were those who, some 2 000 years ago, adopted a pastoralist lifestyle herding sheep and, later, cattle. Whereas the hunter-gatherers adapted to local environments and were scattered across the subcontinent, the herders sought out...
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...“The work of each of these artists represents a particular depth of understanding and sensitivity about the history of our nation.” Dakar: Places in Our Live [1] “Thanks to art, instead of seeing one world, our own, we see it multiplied and, as many original, artists as there are, so many worlds are at our disposal.” Andre Marlaux[2] Introduction Art is a tenuous relationship as history would attest but it is one that could not be belittled or undermined. It produced various schools of thought among the ancient Greeks and continues to provide profound forum of debate among contemporary scholars. As President Ferdinand Marcos have stated, “For the artist has always been a dynamic factor in social and cultural development and art is always an essential vehicle of truth and of relationship”.[3] In the realm of human experience, the artist has to confront the truth in its various critical situations consequently depending on, his interpretation of urgent realities; he becomes either the advocate of change or an adversary of it. But he can never be uncommitted nor be irresponsible. In the present time where plans and options for governments shift in the global expediency, the artist must always guard against obstacles to national growth and progress. "Art and Globalization makes an important contribution to the diverse critical practices and aesthetic performances that define the global era.[4]” These remarks were written for the book entitled Arts and...
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...www.GetPedia.com History of China: Table of Contents q q Historical Setting The Ancient Dynasties r r r Dawn of History Zhou Period Hundred Schools of Thought q The Imperial Era r r r r r r First Imperial Period Era of Disunity Restoration of Empire Mongolian Interlude Chinese Regain Power Rise of the Manchus q Emergence Of Modern China r r r r r r Western Powers Arrive First Modern Period Opium War, 1839-42 Era of Disunity Taiping Rebellion, 1851-64 Self-Strengthening Movement Hundred Days' Reform and Aftermath Republican Revolution of 1911 q Republican China r r r Nationalism and Communism s Opposing the Warlords s Consolidation under the Guomindang s Rise of the Communists Anti-Japanese War Return to Civil War q People's Republic Of China r r Transition to Socialism, 1953-57 Great Leap Forward, 1958-60 r r r r r Readjustment and Recovery, 1961-65 Cultural Revolution Decade, 1966-76 s Militant Phase, 1966-68 s Ninth National Party Congress to the Demise of Lin Biao, 1969-71 s End of the Era of Mao Zedong, 1972-76 Post-Mao Period, 1976-78 China and the Four Modernizations, 1979-82 Reforms, 1980-88 q References for History of China [ History of China ] [ Timeline ] Historical Setting The History Of China, as documented in ancient writings, dates back some 3,300 years. Modern archaeological studies provide evidence of still more ancient origins in a culture that flourished between 2500 and 2000 B.C....
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... The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright © 2010 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2010 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Essays on twentieth century history / edited by Michael...
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...IGOROTS * Home * IGOROT SONGS * IGOROT DANCE * IGOROT TRADITIONS * MONEY ON THE MOUNTAIN IGOROT TRADITIONS IGOROT TRADITIONS When we talk about Igorot identity and culture, we also have to consider the time. My point is that: what I am going to share in this article concerning the Igorot culture might not be the same practiced by the Igorots of today. It has made variations by the passing of time, which is also normally happening to many other cultures, but the main core of respect and reverence to ancestors and to those who had just passed is still there. The Igorot culture that I like to share is about our practices and beliefs during the "time of Death". Death is part of the cycle of life. Igorots practice this part of life cycle with a great meaning and importance. Before the advent of Christianity in the Igorotlandia, the Igorots or the people of the Cordilleran region in the Philippines were animist or pagans. Our reverence or the importance of giving honor to our ancestors is a part of our daily activities. We consider our ancestors still to be with us, only that they exist in another world or dimension. Whenever we have some special feasts (e.g., occasions during death, wedding, family gathering, etc.), when we undertake something special (like going somewhere to look for a job or during thanksgiving), we perform some special offer. We call this "Menpalti/ Menkanyaw", an act of butchering and offering animals. During these times we call them...
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