...1: Implications of Health Economic Concepts for Healthcare HSA 510 Health Economics Introduction What is health economics? Health economics is one of the many branches in economic. Most of the concepts surrounding this branch are both the micro and macroeconomics placed in the context of efficiently and effectiveness in the production and services delivery in the health sector industries. The concept of health economics can be explained in layman language as the study of economical functioning of the health care system in an economy. It involves matters affecting the health of individuals in a society (Cromwell, 2011) Assess the value of healthcare professionals and decision makers understanding the discipline of health economics. Building on their longtime leadership in identifying standards of care, professional medical organizations already have played a role in shaping the value. It is critical that individual physicians and other health professionals also understand the goals of health care and engage as partners in implementing its principles. Healthcare professionals and decision makers are more disciplines of the health economics. The value of healthcare can be mentioned as the microeconomics. The reason for that being said is the evaluation of their treatment level and providing care in all segments relates to cost and effectiveness. The demand for health care has an impact or influence many different areas such as education, hazards, income and health in...
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...Practice To my colleagues, the health care system has begun a decade of transitions that, for the nursing profession, promise to change the practice of nurses, expand current nursing roles and create new ones, and provide many opportunities for nurses to participate in shaping the future delivery system. With the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010, care delivery and financing systems are undergoing significant transformations that will accelerate in 2014, when major provisions of the legislation are implemented. The purpose of the this letter is to explain how the practice of nursing is expected to shift and to also discuss the concepts of continuum of care, accountable care organizations (ACO’s) medical homes, nurse-managed health care clinics (NMHCs). Under the Accountable Care Organizations, strategies will be developed to align the goals of health care delivery reorganizations, enhance care coordination, and improve patient transitions across the care delivery continuum. Expansion of medical care homes, NMHC’s, and enhanced coverage for preventative care services will help to shift the delivery system's current focus on acute care to a greater emphasis on prevention and treatment of chronic care conditions using health care teams and information technology. Medical homes, sometimes referred to as NHMC’s, are identified as a concept that began in pediatrics over 40 years ago. Over time, the medical home has now evolved into a health practice that encompasses a models...
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...Implications of Health Economic Concepts for Health Care Melissa James Strayer University Dr. Wanda Allen Health Economics – HSA 510 February 1, 2015 Assignment # 1 Implication of Health Economic Concepts for Health Care Assess the value of healthcare professionals and decision makers understanding the discipline of health economics. Healthcare is getting gradually complex around the world. The need for technological development, economic support, demographics changes and the study of diseases are shifting at a fast speed. There had been numerous labors in describing collective capabilities and values within the healthcare organizations. It is necessary for learning and training programs to be regulated based on the needs of the humanities they support. Therefore, the institutions that are designing and delivering those activities must take responsibility for the products they manufacture for the use of the society. Hence, Academic institutions that are in charge of educating healthcare professionals together with their various stakeholders must interact in collaboration to create actual and proficient strategies that will promote suitable culture in the healthcare systems. Current medical education process has its origins in the European institutions of higher learning that customarily cherished academic freedom, sovereignty and self-regulating exploration...
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...Chapter One 1. A. What are some of the industries in the healthcare sector? The major industries in the healthcare sector includes health services, health insurance, medical equipment and supplies, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, and other (includes a diverse collection of organization ranging from consulting firms to educational institutions to government and private research agencies. B. What is meant by the term healthcare finance as used in the book? Finance, as the term is used within the health services industry and as it is used in the book, consists of both the accounting and financial management functions. C. What are the two broad areas of Healthcare Finance? Accounting as its name implies, concerns the recording, in financial terms, of economic events that reflect the operations, resources, and financing of an organization. Financial management or corporate finance, provides the theory, concepts, and tools necessary to help managers make better financial decisions. Certain aspects of accounting involve decision making, and much of the application of financial management theory and concepts requires accounting data. D. Why is it necessary to have a book on healthcare finance as opposed a generic finance book? The reason is that while all industries have certain individual characteristics, the health services industry it truly unique. 2. What is the difference between a business and a pure charity? A business such as a hospital or medical...
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...Bisht et al. Globalization and Health 2012, 8:32 http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/8/1/32 REVIEW Open Access Understanding India, globalisation and health care systems: a mapping of research in the social sciences Ramila Bisht1*, Emma Pitchforth2 and Susan F Murray3 Abstract National and transnational health care systems are rapidly evolving with current processes of globalisation. What is the contribution of the social sciences to an understanding of this field? A structured scoping exercise was conducted to identify relevant literature using the lens of India – a ‘rising power’ with a rapidly expanding healthcare economy. A five step search and analysis method was employed in order to capture as wide a range of material as possible. Documents published in English that met criteria for a social science contribution were included for review. Via electronic bibliographic databases, websites and hand searches conducted in India, 113 relevant articles, books and reports were identified. These were classified according to topic area, publication date, disciplinary perspective, genre, and theoretical and methodological approaches. Topic areas were identified initially through an inductive approach, then rationalised into seven broad themes. Transnational consumption of health services; the transnational healthcare workforce; the production, consumption and trade in specific health-related commodities, and transnational diffusion of ideas and knowledge...
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...Empowerment is a concept we all have heard at one time or another it is utilized in numerous professions and specialties. Analysis of this concept will further understanding of empowerment for nursing professionals in areas from research, theory development or practice. Exploring the attributes, consequences, implications and model cases of empowerment can assist the nursing professional in utilizing empowerment to its fullest potential. Within the scope of nursing, empowerment can be seen not purely as how it relates to the client, or the nurse but also how it relates to both the client and the nurse (Rodwell 1996). The Walker-Avant method was used to analyze this concept, as it was the most commonly seen in nursing literature (McEwen & Willis, 2007). Aim This paper’s aim is to clarify the concept of empowerment and its implications for the nursing profession, by exploring how it pertains to nursing as well as other disciplines, its essential attributes, antecedents, consequences and empirical referents. Definition What is empowerment, and what does it mean? American Heritage dictionary defines empowerment as “To invest with power, especially legal power or official authority” or “To equip or supply with an ability; enable”. Dictionary.com defines it as “to give power or authority to; authorize, especially by legal or official means” or “to enable or permit”. Synonyms for empower include capacitate, entrust, permit and privilege according to Rogets Thesaurus. Understanding...
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...Concepts Analysis Paper Demis Rey BSN Theoretical Foundations of Advanced Nursing Kaplan University March 10, 2014 The concept of Quality has a close relation with nursing practices. Higher quality healthcare is the common goal of all healthcare team and improving healthcare quality has become the common focal point of all healthcare organization. Quality has become an important issue for healthcare facilities facing a changing of healthcare environment (Tsai, & Wu, 2013). Quality is derived from the Latin “quails” and is defined as essential character of nature…an inherent or distinguishable attribute or property, a character “trait” and is defined as superiority of kind and degree or grade of excellent (Wicks, & Roethlein, 2009). Every quality expert defines quality somewhat differentially, and there are a variety of perspectives than can be taken in defining quality. The most widely concept of quality is the Industrial Organization Society (IOS) definition as “the degree to wish a set of inherent characteristics fulfill requirements” (Wicks, & Roethlein, 2009, p. 85). The psychological concept is closely aligned with the dictionary definition when quality relates to logic: “quality is the positive or negative character of a proposition” (The Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2014). Quality is a set of characteristics or properties, as supported by the multidimensional definitions of quality. Quality can focus on excellence or can be viewed as the degree of a...
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...Value-Based Purchasing to Address Failing Markets University of South Florida The healthcare industry, specifically the patients receiving care, have been subjected to a service based industry where they must pay increasing costs for services and customer service has essentially taken a back seat. The implementation of Value-Based Purchasing (VBP), as outlined in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), has now addressed this concern. The move from a prospective payment industry to a value based industry is to benefit the patient while holding providers accountable for usage of procedures and tests, and providing increasingly higher quality of care to their patients. Due to the high volume and high expenditures specifically in hospitals, there is a new type of approach being taken when it comes to patient care in acute care settings. The prospective payment system (PPS) was established in the 1980’s in conjunction with Medicare’s Diagnostic Related Groups (DRG) system. This was established due to the rising costs of to the social security administration (Mayes, 2006). During this time hospitals were placed under pressure to accept the new payment system and structure due to an exponential rise in Medicare expenditures. To give perspective on the growth of expenditures to Medicare enrollees, in 1972 Medicare had approximately 21 million enrollees and expenditures approximated $7 billion dollars. In 1982, Medicare enrollees amounted to 30 million and expenditures...
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...Age 65 and Older: An Evolving Concept Analysis Yaounde Ross University of Texas at Arlington College of Nursing In partial fulfillment of the requirements of N5327 Analysis of Theories in Nursing Ronda Mintz-Binder, RN, MN, DNP June 4, 2012 Management of Diabetes in Adults Age 65 and Older: An Evolving Concept Analysis Managing chronic illnesses like diabetes is becoming progressively essential in high-risk groups. The concept of managing diabetes in persons 65 and older, carry much responsibility by those who provide care and those receiving care. With marvel surrounding the first set of baby boomers who turned age 65 in January of 2011; it became evident that this country would embark upon its greatest challenge yet in managing the care of older adults. With this in mind, the management of chronic illnesses like diabetes and its associated complications is expected to become even more complex and difficult, with the realization that much is to be considered in preparation to care for this age group. In this analysis using the term management, as it relates to the older adult, implies direct guidance to treatment that is both accessible and practical. Review of Literature To better understand management of diabetes as a concept in adults age 65 and older, a review of disciplines is necessary to offer clarity in obtaining a greater sense of knowledge of the burden this disease places on the patient. In examining this concept a review of literature from the...
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...Impact of the Affordable Care Act on North Carolina's Uninsured Population Wendy Patterson Walden University Policy & Advocacy for Population Health NURS 6050-13 Dr. Joan Moon June 30, 2015 The Impact of the Affordable Care Act on North Carolina's Uninsured Population In a speech delivered in the Rose Garden, President Obama stated, “Five years ago, after nearly a century of talk, decades of trying, a year of bipartisan debate -- we finally declared that in America, healthcare is not a privilege for a few, but a right for all” (US News, 2015). This paper will discuss the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on the population of North Carolina, the economic impact of providing care to patients from the provider’s point of view, how patients will be affected in relationship to cost, quality, and access to treatment, and what the ethical implications of ACA means for both the provider's and the patients. The Impact of the Affordable Care Act on the Population in North Carolina According to a fact sheet published by the Kaiser Family Foundation, the ACA has the potential to extend coverage to many of the 47 million nonelderly uninsured people nationwide, including the 1.6 million uninsured in North Carolina (KFF, 2015). Although the ACA was signed into law declaring that it was a right for all to have health insurance, individual States had the option of whether to expand coverage for Medicaid recipients. “Being poor, unemployed, or homeless did not qualify...
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...Economics Economics can be defined as the science concerned with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. In essence, it is the study of the material welfare of humankind (Apollo Group, 2010). Economics in health care is concerned not only with the financial aspects of the system, but how those financial elements impact patient care. Supply and Demand Supply and demand is perhaps one of the most fundamental concepts of economics and it is the backbone of a market economy. Demand refers to how much (quantity) of a product or service is desired by buyers. Supply represents how much the market can offer and the correlation between price and how much of a good or service is supplied to the market is known as the supply relationship. The demand for health care is limitless as is evidenced by the number of people who use health care services on a day to day basis. Supply, however, is limited by the availability of medical resources and the skill to administer care effectively. Macroeconomics Macroeconomics studies the economy as a whole. Macroeconomic analysis studies the roles of the government, exports and imports, consumption, investment, government taxes, and other factors in an economy. In health care, the macroeconomic market is the entire country’s health care system including the way that it performs in terms of profit, loss and efficiency. Macroeconomics of health is concerned with parallel sets of large scale system issues...
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...Implications of Economics and Policy for Health Professionals Katrina Hill Health Policy and Economics Dr. Shana Lavarreda September 7, 2014 Discipline of Health Economics Many years ago healthcare and its delivery system were limited in care for patients or treatment options for physicians. The procedure of care includes diagnosis, treatment, prevention, rehabilitation, and palliative care (Buchbinder, 2012). However, over the years there is much to be learned from the discipline of health economics which vary from studies, practices, and demand by discipline of health promotion. Unfortunately, health promotion has not always gotten the attention by health economists because contributing factors lack demand, scare resources, and unclear utility analysis of health care (Teiltelbaum & Wilensky, 2013). As with any given system, values contribute to decision making route in which delivers thoughtful insight into how health operates from a planned and funded context to address an extensive scope of matters in a clear systematic manner. Benefits of Health Care Financing and Delivery There are many profits to understanding health policy or governmental involvement in health care financing and delivery. Financial or economic assessment consists of a set of methods designed at inspecting other ways of action that aids in making choices in terms of their costs and benefits (Getzen, 2013). In theory, these practices are useful to promote health...
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...a) Why should the concept of need not be the sole determinant of the demand for medical care? Feldstein (2012) stated that if the projected quantity of services required to meet the need of medical care surpass the quantity that people will utilize then physician and hospital will be underutilized. Oppositely, if demand for medical care surpass the projected quantity based solely on a need criteria then surplus demand will occur. Therefore, planning based only on medical care need will be more likely to cause either too few or too many resources (pg. 115). b) How do you see the implications of Supply and Demand theory show up in your company’s strategies? Working in a national testing center in UMUC which provides professional certification examinations, our department receives revenues from proctoring exams. We are required track how many people use our services for testing to justify whether we need to open more testing sessions (more demand) or reduce the number of testing sessions (less demand). Some possible implications are to: (1) hire part time employee(s) to open Saturday and evening sessions. (2) reduce full time employees’ working hours to less than 40 hours per week and compensate full time employee(s) with more health benefits (Culyer & Newhouse, 2000, pg. 661). c) Thinking outside the box, what types of changes could we make that would make health care cheaper? In our society, when someone is sick, we tend to go straight to specialists and ordered the most...
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...I: BASIC CONCEPT OF HEALTH -Code MHA 101 Concept of Health and Disease • Concept of health & disease and well being. • Natural history of disease and role of hospitals to offer various levels of care • Prevention aspect of diseases • Dynamics of disease transmission • Changing pattern of diseases • Concept of health indicators Preliminary Human anatomy and Physiology • Basic concepts of human anatomy • Basic concepts of human physiology Suggested Reading: Human Anatomy- Prof. Samar Mitra Human Anatomy- Prof. A. K. Dutta Text Book of Human Physiology- Dr. C. C. Chatterjee Common Pathological Conditions • Basic concepts of pathogenesis of common diseases • Basic concepts of interpretation of investigations reports Suggested Reading: Robbin’s Textbook of Pathology – Robbin, Cotran, Kumar Textbook of Microbiology – Ananantanarayan & Paniker Basic concepts of Pharmacology: Commonly used Medicine in a hospital, Narcotic drugs, use and abuse of drugs. Dispensing of medicine, Drugs store, drug stock / purchase of medicine, oxygen, I/V Fluid, Chemicals etc. Suggested Reading: Textbook of Pharmacology: Dr. K. D. Tripathi PAPER – 2: Hospital Based Healthcare & Its changing scenario-Code MHA 102 Overview of Hospital • Concept of Modern Hospital & Privatization in Health Sector • Public Sector Hospitals and Level of care / offered facilities • Effects of Globalization in Health care ...
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...theory on healthcare quality. Critically evaluate approaches that you, as a healthcare manager, could use to improve the quality of care provided by your organization. Introduction The concept of "quality" has been contemplated throughout history and continues to be a topic of intense interest today. Quality of service is rendered extremely important in any industry and it has been a subject of study and research in many fields. (Reeves and Bednar, 1994) This essay will look at definitions of quality in healthcare; examine the theories of quality in healthcare and approaches taken toward evaluating and improving quality of health services in Uganda’s public health sector with the main focus on the implementation of Millennium Development Goals. The discussion will focus on patient satisfaction as an aspect of quality and how it influences quality of care provided from a District healthcare manager’s perspective, analyse factors that influence patient satisfaction, how the MDGs aim to improve the quality of care provided to patients by exposing the gaps between healthcare management perceptions of service quality and how the service is actually being delivered to the consumers. Social constructionism in healthcare In social constructionism it is important to look at social settings and human way of life when focusing on healthcare in different cultures and societies. Class and social stratification can have profound implications for the way we experience health and illness...
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