...Summers memo was a 1991 memo on trade liberalization that was written by Lant Pritchett and signed by Lawrence Summers while he was Chief Economist of the World Bank. It included a section that both Summers and Pritchett say was sarcastic that suggested dumping toxic waste in third-world countries for perceived economic benefits [Least Developed Countries]? I can think of three reasons: 1) The measurements of the costs of health impairing pollution depends on the earnings. From this point of view a given amount of health impairing pollution should be done in the country with the lowest cost, which will be the country with the lowest wages. I think the economic logic behind dumping a load of toxic waste in the lowest wage country is impeccable and we should face up to that. 2) The costs of pollution are likely to be non-linear as the initial increments of pollution probably have very low cost. I've always thought that under-populated countries in Africa are vastly UNDER-polluted, their air quality is probably vastly inefficiently low compared to Los Angeles or Mexico City. Only the lamentable facts that so much pollution is generated by non-tradable industries (transport, electrical generation) and that the unit transport costs of solid waste are so high prevent world welfare enhancing trade in air pollution and waste. 3) The demand for a clean environment for aesthetic and health reasons is likely to have very high income elasticity. The concern over an agent that causes a...
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...The Industrial Revolution was a period of major industrilization that occured in the years between the late 1700s and the early 1800s. It began in Great Britain and slolwy exapanded its way into the United States. During the beginning of this era, it brought about inescapable , cultural and social changes in the United States. These changes affected the daily lives of Americans across the social spectrum in many ways. One of these ways was that it formed distinct classes. These classes included Economic Elites, The Middle Class and The Working Class. The Economic Elites was a class that consisted of wealthy merchants gained more social and political attention in the United States due to the fast growing economy that helped increase their wealth....
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...Date :8/3/2016 Duration :1 hour Type of Activity : Powerpoint presentation about Diasability and disabled people (voluntary work ) This experience was about spreading awareness about disabled people and their everyday struggles not only physically but also mentally .By using the powerpoint presentation I created myself ,I discussed such issues with other young teenagers (around the age 12 onwards ), listened to their opinion and came to conclusions that are very much related to Responsible Citizenship one of the modules with the relationship of Science and Technology that illustrates this project. I started my experience by asking them to define the term "disabled " which in return they answered that it is a physical or a mental condition that limits a person's condition,movements/activities or senses .To back this up I provided some basic information to help them get a more proper idea of the topic (a better grasp on the subject ,so that it will result into a good feedback session and discuss properly ) and asked if they have ever shared an experience with a disabled person or shared the same environment e.g school . I received lots of feedback in relation to this ,situations about disabled people that shared the same role as ours ,that of a student .Moreover ,I asked them how they approached disabled people .Did they act in away as if they deserved their pity ?or they regarded them as a normal person ? Furthermore I asked them if disabled people are supported enough in...
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...[pic] [pic] Economics Project: Exchange Rate, Balance of Payment and Trade deficit. [pic] |Topics |Page No | |Introduction |02 | |Defining |03 | |Exchange Rate, Bop & Trade Deficit | | |Pakistan Trade, Monetary Policy |04 | |Historical overview |05 To 07 | |Causes |08-11 | |Solutions |12 To 15 | |Conclusion |16 | | | | [pic] Introduction: Exchange...
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