...enough, this is where physiology comes in which is the scientific discipline that deals with the processes or functions of living things. I have known homeostasis as the maintenance of the relatively constant environment in the body but it is only now that I have learned about positive and negative feedback mechanisms which maintain homeostasis and that positive homeostasis can be detrimental at times. I’ve also learned more on the anatomical terms that will be used throughout our course and maybe even in med school. In the study of cells, I was able to recall the things we have discussed in our biological science course in the previous year. I remember the three types of solution namely hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic. I also come to know more about the different movements across the cell membrane. However I was new to the transcription and translation that happens in the gene expression of a cell. I was able to associate codons of the mRNA strand with the anticodon of the tRNA. Similar to cytology, I was also able to look back on our discussions about tissues last year. I have refreshed myself on the different types of tissues such as the epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues and including their functions. In addition, I was more knowledgeable in locating them. Our discussion in integumentary system took my knowledge about it from elementary and high school to another level. I have learned more about its functions and specific parts. One interesting...
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...The Integumentary System (skin) covers the whole body. It is water proof and is used for a mechanical barrier. The skin has many facets and functions. Therefore the functions are protection, temperature maintenance, and storage of nutrients, sensory receptors, excretion, and secretion. This entails the 3 main layers that are epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis or subcutaneous (superficial fascia) to regulate all functions inside the human body. There are a few ways the functions and facets turn the abnormal conditions to normal conditions in the human body by maintaining homeostasis. The facets use the best in beauty; which includes the hair and nails. The other name for nails is the accessory structures of the skin. Therefore it is what makes...
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...Unit 5Anatomy and physiology for Health and Social Care P5Explain the concept of homeostasis with reference to the control of heart rate, breathing rate, body temperature and blood glucose levels. In this assignment I will be explaining the concept of homeostasis with reference to the control of heart rate, breathing rate, body temperature and bloody glucose levels. Firstly, I will start this assignment off by explaining what homeostasis is. Homeostasis is the tendency toward a relatively stable equipoise between symbiotic elements, especially as maintained by functional processes. http://www.google.co.uk/#hl=en&q=homeostasis&tbs=dfn:1&tbo=u&sa=X&ei=sIhIUfPzGeiW0QWa5oHACw&sqi=2&ved=0C CwQkQ4&bav=on.2,or.r_qf.&fp=4e753e884ed8bf36&biw=884&bih=537 A simple illustration of homeostasis is when we get really cold in winter, our body starts to shiver and by shivering the body maintains heat and warm us up. Another example may be that an individual may feel hot from doing an intense workout or simply walking in really hot heat, our bodies maintain homeostasis by sweating, this helps us to cool down and maintain body temperature. Negative feedback is the mechanism in which the body sustains conditions within specific perimeters. The body does this by conflicting an alteration that deviates from the norm. In other words, deviation produces negative responses to counteract the deviation. Metabolism is the amount of all the chemical reactions occurring in a specific order...
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...Homeostasis Day to day, we are exposed to many external stressors in the environment. These might be exercise, stress, anxiety, weather, changes of location. To survive these changes, our internal body is able to intelligently adapt. The maintenance of a constant and steady internal environment is controlled by homeostasis. P5 Explain the concept of homeostasis Describe homeostasis. For this, you must cover: * Definition of homeostasis * Internal environment- THREE systems that need to be regulated (water levels or waste products; body temperature; blood glucose) * Concept of negative feedback as a regulatory mechanism Websites: http://www.s-cool.co.uk/a-level/biology/homeostasis http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_aqa_pre_2011/homeo/homeostasis1.shtml M2 discuss the probable homeostatic responses to changes in the internal environment during exercise Identify and describe the homeostatic mechanisms and how they regulate a steady internal environment during exercise. Summarise - you do not have to explain this in lots of detail. You must cover: * heart rate and how this is controlled by the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve system). The effects of increased body temperature and adrenaline on heart rate * breathing rate and how this is controlled by the respiratory centre, diaphragm and intercostal muscles * body temperature and how this is controlled by loss of heat by the body...
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...Biology report – Lauren Upton Homeostasis is the constant state of the body despite fluctuations in the external environment. The homeostatic system is designed to keep all internal systems in the body functioning at a normal state. Blood glucose regulation is a negative feedback system because it detects change and corrects it by doing the opposite. Blood glucose is very important because it is the main energy source that our brains need to keep functioning. Glucose is needed so the ATP system can work properly. The ATP system is made up of the chemicals adenosine triphosphate. ATP is the breakdown of energy that our bodies need to function. Without glucose our ATP systems won’t be able to work at its highest rate for a long period of time. When the blood glucose levels (BGL) are getting lower than the set point of 3.9-5.6mmol L-1 then the alpha cell sends signals to the pancreas which will then release glucagon which will then convert glycogen to glucose. From there the glucose will increase the blood glucose levels so that it is back at its normal state. When the blood glucose levels are over 3.9-5.6mmol L-1 then beta cells inform the pancreas which releases insulin that causes the liver to convert glucose into glycogen which brings the blood...
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...Homeostasis: Homeostasis is the tendency of the body to seek and maintain a condition of balance or equilibrium within its internal environment, even when faced with external changes. The importance of having blood glucose regulated in the human body is because glucose is a sugar needed by cells for respiration. It is important that the concentration of glucose in the blood is maintained at a constant level. Insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, controls blood sugar levels in the body. Diabetes is a disorder in which the blood glucose levels remain too high. This is controlled to provide cells with a constant supply of energy. The blood sugar level is controlled by the release and storage of glucose, which is in turn controlled by a hormone called insulin. Here is an example of Homeostasis when blood glucose decreases. Insulin causes blood glucose levels to decrease, as would be expected in a negative feedback system. However if an animal has not eaten and blood glucose levels decrease, this is sensed in a different group of cells in the pancreas: the hormone glucagon is released, causing glucose levels to increase. Here is a picture of a Negative Feedback loop for blood glucose levels. Which explains the process mutch clearly. We can also see that the loops are the same but in one of the loops the glucose...
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...Integumentary System The integumentary system is made up of the skin, hair, and nails. This system protects the body from the outside world by acting like a barrier. This system also retains body fluids, protects against disease, eliminates waste products, and regulates body temperature. Skin The skin is one of our largest organs. The layers of skin are capable of healing themselves no matter how many tears and rips it gets. The skin has sensory receptors that monitor the external environment and it has mechanisms that can get rid of body waste. The skin is composed of two layers; the epidermis and the dermis. Epidermis The epidermis the outer layer of the skin and it is made up of many layers of flattened epithelial cells. The top layer...
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...Homeostasis occurs when an organism or the internal conditions of the human body are at equilibrium. Usually, homeostasis allows the body to maintain relatively stable internal conditions, even though the outer part of the body may change frequently. In order to achieve homeostasis in the human body, a great deal of communication is required between the control center (brain), the receptors and other structures within the body (Marieb, Hoehn 9). According to Marieb and Hoehn, most homeostatic control mechanisms are considered to be negative feedback mechanisms. This system’s output shuts off the original effect of the stimulus and reduces its intensity. A good example of negative feedback is when we are in need of food and our metabolism slows...
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...A system that regulates an internal setting as well as managing a stable, constant condition of properties is homeostasis; essentially its function is maintaining stability and balance in our bodies constantly. External things, such as medications, medical conditions, stress, our diet and what an individual’s sleep environment is like can create a negative impact one’s sleep-wake needs (Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep. (n.d.). Homeostasis fights these negative influences and does its best to keep our bodies in balance, such as our heart rate, breathing, body temperature and even our blood sugar levels. Fundamentally homeostasis keeps track of and triggers the body to sleep and determines the intensity of sleep (Brain Basics: Understanding...
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...Homeostasis is the process by which body systems maintain and stabilize a relatively constant internal environment. Most homeostatic control systems adjust internal conditions by acting against changes caused by the external environment. The human body works best under certain conditions, our body temperature, blood pressure and water concentration are variables that need to be within specific ranges for us to function properly and if they fall outside of these ranges there can be dangerous consequences. The body uses homeostatic mechanisms to maintain variables close to a predetermined ‘set point’, which is the optimum, ideal value for a variable. Through homeostasis, the body is able to maintain a stable internal environment even despite...
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...Introduction Homeostasis refers to the relatively constant physiological state of the body despite fluctuations in the environment. A form of homeostasis is blood glucose regulation. Blood glucose (sugar) is a main energy provider for the body and allows energy to be available to cells. The concentration of glucose in the blood must be maintained at a constant level, 3.9-5.6mmol/1, in order for internal systems to function in the stable condition needed for survival. Stable blood glucose levels is especially important as it is essential for normal brain function as the brain can only use glucose or ketone bodies as a ‘fuel’/ energy provider. Over 60% of circulating blood glucose is used by the brain. Regulation of blood glucose occurs by...
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...Define anatomy and physiology. 2. Recognize some of the different branches of anatomy and physiology. Be able to list an example of each. 3. Recognize the 11 organ systems. Recognize major organs and 1-2 major functions of each organ system. 4. Arrange the levels of structural organization from the most complex to simple. 5. What is homeostasis? 6. What is meant by the idea that homeostasis is a “dynamic process”? 7. What 2 organ systems are primarily involved in the maintenance of homeostasis? Which responds more quickly? 8. Can you describe an example of the nervous system regulating homeostasis? 9. Can you describe an example of the endocrine system regulating homeostasis? 10. List and describe the 3 basic parts of a homeostatic regulator mechanism? 11. What are characteristics of negative feedback? 12. What are characteristics of positive feedback? 13. Diagram an example of negative feedback. Identify the 3 basic parts in your example. 14. List 2 examples of positive feedback. 15. What is a homeostatic imbalance? What is a possible outcome of homeostatic imbalance? 16. What are general effects of aging on homeostasis? 17. Describe/recognize the anatomical position. Why do we need to understand this? 18. Name/label the major body cavities, their subdivisions, and the major organs contained within (be complete) . 19. What is the structure and function of serous membranes? 20. There are 2 layers of serous membranes. Name each and describe where...
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...P5 - Homeostasis is ‘the process of maintaining a constant internal environment despite changing environments’ (Aldworth, Billingham, Moonie, & Talman, 2010). The internal environment that our body consists of is made up of blood, tissue fluid, body cell components and our metabolism and its process. Constant internal environment means that the chemical and physical composition should remain within a limited range in order to make it as effective as possible. Keeping the valuables within a limited range not only makes sure that the body’s processes are as effective as possible, keeping the well-being of the whole body and its maintenance up to good standards. Heart rate Negative feedback is a way in which regulation occurs within the body which requires receptors, your control centre and effectors in order to be able to function properly. When key variables within the body are outside the accepted range for any reason negative feedback returns the variable within it’s acceptable range. An example would be if the PH of your blood changes for any reason or you become too hot after exercise so your body tries to regulate those variables back within the suitable ranges by different methods. Blood glucose levels may fall for any reasons and the bodies way of coping with this is to produce liver glycogen which is converted into glucose in order to bring the energy levels in cells back up to the range which it should be within. Our brain and nervous system are involved in negative...
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...Assignment brief – QCF BTEC (Level 3)Assignment front sheet | Qualification | Unit number and title | BTEC 90 Credit/Extended Diploma in Health and Social Care | Unit 5 Anatomy and Physiology for Health and Social Care | Learner name | Assessor name | | Louise Dada,Angela Lewis-Wright Alison Watson | Date issued | Hand in deadline | Submitted on | 10 November 2014 | 8 December 2014 | | | | Assignment title 1 | Know the organisation of the human body | In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria. Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found. | 5a Criteria reference | To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | | Task no. | | Evidence | P1 | Outline the functions of the main cell components. | | 1 | | Training Pack | P2 | Outline the structure of the main tissues of the body | | 1 | | Training Pack | P3 | Outline the gross structure of all the main body systems. | | 1 | | Training Pack | Learner declaration | I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own. I have clearly referenced any sources used in the work. I understand that false declaration is a form of malpractice.Learner signature: Date: | Assignment brief 1 Qualification | BTEC 90 Credit/Extended Diploma in Health and Social Care | Unit number and title | Unit 5 Anatomy and...
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...Homeostasis is one of the twelve principles of biology. It is the constancy of the internal environment in a living organism in order to function properly. Homeostasis is maintained by a series of control mechanisms by using negative and positive feedbacks. This series is divided into three subunits: thermoregulation, osmoregulation and finally chemical regulation. Each one has its own role in keeping the living organism healthy and any sudden changes might lead to organ failures and consequently death. One of the most significant mechanisms of homeostasis is the regulation of body temperature (thermoregulation), which is restrained by the thermoregulatory center in the skin receptors. The hypothalamus as well as skeletal muscles, preserving a set point of 37.5 ± 0.5 °C (Core temperature) in most mammals. This is important for maintaining the enzyme at its optimum activity, where most of the life keeping metabolic reactions (for instance, Krebs cycle in respiration) are catalyzed by enzymes and as enzymes are affected by both temperature and PH, it will be life threatening to have any changes in temperature....
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