...Anthropology – The comparative study of human sciences and cultures. Holistic/Holism – In Anthropology an approach that considers culture, history, language, and biology essential to a complete understanding of human society. Society – A group of people who depend on one another for survival or well-being as well as the relationships among such people, including their status and roles. Culture - The learned behaviors and symbols that allow people to live in groups. The primary means by which humans adapt to their environments. The way of life characteristic of a particular human society. Ethnography – A description of a society or culture. Emic(perspective) – Examining society using concepts, categories, and distinctions that are meaningful to members of that culture. Etic(perspective) – Examining society using concepts, categories, and rules derived from science; an outsider’s perspective, which produces analyses that members of the society being studied may not find meaningful. Ethnology – The attempt to find general principles or laws that govern cultural phenomena. Cultural Anthropology – The study of human thought, meaning, and behavior that is learned rather than genetically transmitted, and that is typical of groups of people. Ethnohistory – Description of the cultural past based on written records, interviews, and archaeology. Linguistic anthropology – A branch of linguistics concerned with understanding language and its relation to culture. Historical linguistics...
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...Nicholas Painchaud Anthropology Essay 1 The four standard sub-fields that we study in general Anthropology today are Archaeology, Linguistic Anthropology, Physical Anthropology, and Sociocultural Anthropology. Each sub-field has it’s own area of study but many work hand in hand to continue the research of the human specie and its immediate ancestors. By definition, Archaeology is the study of human activity in the past, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that has been left behind by past human populations. Such studies are conducted on artifacts, architecture, biofacts (or eco-facts) and cultural landscapes. While we, in the United States, view Archaeology as a Anthropological study, other countries view it as a study in History or even Geology, thus proving that Archaeology has many different disciplines. Understanding the history of human beings and their behaviors can give us clues as to what possibly went wrong or actually what went right. Linguistic Anthropology is the study of how language influences social life. It focuses on how different languages shape communication in regards to social identity and within groups. It also looks into how a natural world, and also a social world, can develop and this giving it a common representation. By knowing how language shapes certain cultures and societies, we can use the findings to learn of the development process that has happened over time and try to continue...
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...this period of time, species evolved; some stayed the same, and some changed drastically. Some flourished and some became extinct. This occurred by the process of natural selection (Park, 2014). DNA changes over time, which can cause mutations which effect the future production and growth of an organism. There is no set amount of change an organism will see, if it sees any at all. Discuss what evolution is in terms of physical anthropology. In physical anthropology, evolution is the change of living organisms over time, studying how they adapt with their environment and the stresses that go along with it (Park, 2014). From one generation to the next, there are specific aspects or traits of an organism that stay the same, and there are some that are constantly evolving. These changes can occur over billions of years and go unnoticed in short periods, but are significantly different in a lengthy time period. Discuss what a physical anthropologist may examine/investigate in order to study evolution (e.g. population DNA). One aspect of physical anthropology that examines and investigates the process of evolution would be Paleoanthropology. Paleoanthropologists are individuals who study extinct organisms or fossils. It’s important to understand that they are not searching for human ancestors but rather our biological and technological origins and evolution. (Middle Awash Project UC Berkley, 2015). There are several important aspects that are studied, such as reproduction, anatomy...
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...General Education and Arts & Sciences Req. Communications (9 cr.) Done: ENGL 1010 Crit Read and Expository Writing ENGL 1020 Crit Thinking and Argument Take one of the following (one of these must be taken and will count as the speech req, but not an Oral Intensive. If an additional one is taken it will count as Oral Intensive): SPCH 1300 General Speech SPCH 2300 Public Speaking SPCH 2320 Arg & Debate (meets A&S req) History (6 cr.) Done: HIST 2010 The United States to 1877 HIST 2020 The United States Since 1877 Using Information Technology (3 cr.) Done: CSCI 1100 or pass exam (schedule exam at: http://www.cs.etsu.edu/academics/signup) Science (8 cr.) Done: A sequence of 2 courses in the same field is required by A&S (e.g., biology). Psychology requires at least one biology course. Students can take two biology courses or two other lab courses and one biology. Take two of these BIOL or two other lab sciences in the same discipline and one of these BIOL: BIOL 1010-1011 Biology for Non-majors I BIOL 1020-1021 Biology for Non-majors I BIOL 1110-1111 Bio for majors I BIOL 1120-1121 Bio for majors II BIOL 1130-31 Bio for majors III Other lab science: Other lab science: Literature (3 cr.) Done: Take one of the following: ENGL 2030 Literary Heritage ENGL 2110 American Literature I ENGL 2120 American Literature II ENGL 2210 British Literature...
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...Cheryl Rowan Prof. Kalos Intro to Cultural Anthropology 5 August 2012 Language and Gestures Although it is often very overlooked, language is an extremely important part of culture. It is how we communicate by putting meaning to words. Just as culture is different everywhere, language is as well. In Federica Sgorbissa’s article, “Gestures That Speak”, she discusses the way humans have a natural instinct to pronounce words differently when obtaining different meanings or emotion, as well as our natural instinct to use gestures as a form of language. It is said that we use gestures to highlight language structure to make our message easier to understand. In a study in Italy, they had people listen to two comments that could easily be taken different ways, giving the sentence two different meanings, and then where shown others with a video. Without the visual stimuli of gestures shown while being spoken, more got the only audio ones wrong. This along with many other studies have shown the importance of gestures in language. Communication is an important aspect of culture. Culture is learned, through experience, environment, and people, but it is learned through communication, which is why language is so important. According to the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, “linguistic differences encode culture”, language can influence your perspective. Language enables us to share our beliefs and values and learn from each other, as well as learning about other cultures. Even simply...
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...Navajo Indians and Their Culture Kimberly Davis Intro. To Cultural Anthropology Instructor Jason Gonzalez 04/02/2013 Within the Navajo community, there are several dynamics that are used to keep the community together. Their culture, family bonds and work ethics are all factors that play major roles in the raising of their families and also with maintaining their land and properties. By nature, Navajo Indians are born Pastoralists, which means they are natural farmers of land. These ethics and techniques have been passed down from generation to generation from birth. This paper will explore how they communicate with one another and how they function together to maintain their culture and beliefs. I. Pastoralists a. Definition b. How Important Is It To Be A Pastoralists To The Navajo Indians 1. How did it become their primary mode of subsistence 2. Is this different from being just a farmer and in what ways II. What Are Three Aspects of Their Culture A. Beliefs and Values 1. What are they? 2. How are they determined? B. Kinship 1. Who is considered to be the head of the Tribe? 2. How is this determined? C. Sickness and Healing 1. Spiritual Aspect 2. Do they believe in modern medicine? References The Sense of Collectivism and Individualism among Husbands and Wives in Traditional and Bi-Cultural Navajo Families on the Navajo Reservation. Journal of Comparative Family Studies. Sept2011, Vol. 42...
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...FRENCH 2014-16 Degree Plan (expires August 2022) http://www.utexas.edu/cola/student-affairs/Student-Services/Advising/index.php CORE AND LIBERAL ARTS REQUIREMENTS MAJOR REQUIREMENTS Core First-Year Signature Course (UGS 302 or 303) FR 320E Advanced French I Core English Composition (RHE 306) FR 322E Advanced French II Core Humanities (E 316L, M, N, or P) FR 326K Intro French Literature I: Middle Ages to 18th Century Foreign Language (FR 601C and 611C or the equivalent) FR 326L Intro French Literature II: French Revolution to Present 3 hours chosen from: FR 340C The Arts in France FR 340P The Making and Identity of France FR 340T France and Francophone World Today Core American and Texas Government (GOV 310L) Core American and Texas Government (GOV 312L or P) French numbered 350 or higher Core US History French numbered 350 or higher Core US or Texas History Additional French (upper-division) Core Social and Behavioral Sciences Additional Social Science » Core, Liberal Arts, and Flag requirements may be fulfilled by courses used for the French major; see advisor for details. » Core Mathematics • The prerequisite for FR 320E is FR 317C, FR 312L, or FR 612. Core Natural Science and Technology, Part I (single field) • 24 hours total required, including 24 hours upper-division and 18 hours in residence. Core Natural Science and Technology, Part I (single field) MINOR REQUIREMENTS Core Natural Science...
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...COURSE SCHEDULE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE LIN 100/ANT 100-003 COURSE SCHEDULE – SPRING 2014 PROFESSOR SHARON AVNI Date/ lesson | Topic | Read/Watch | Assignment(s) due | 1 1/28 | Introduction Course overview | * Intro: * What is language What do we want to know about language? | | 2 1/31 | What is language? What do we know about language and society? | * Yule, Chapter 1 * Language truths http://rosinalippi.com/portfolio/docs/EWA-Intro.pdf | Study questions – Yule, Chapter 1 | 3 2/4 | Animal communication and human language | * Yule, Chapter 2 | Yule chapter 2 study questions | 4 2/7 | Human language | * Corballis, “From Hand to Mouth” (located in course materials) | Class discussion questions | 4 2/11 | Phonetics Phonology | * Language and Linguistics (located in course material) * Yule, Chapter 3 | Yule study questions -- Chapter 3 | 5 2/14 | Phonetics Phonology | * Yule, Chapter 4 * Esling, “Everyone has an accent but me” http://lrc.ohio.edu/lrcmedia/Streaming/lingCALL/ling270/myth20.pdf | Study questions – Yule, Chapter 4 | 6 2/18 | Morphology Grammar | * Yule, Chapter 6 & 7 * http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_y8aLt4kLcI | Yule Chapter 6 & 7 | 7 2/21 | Word formation | * Yule, Chapter 5 * http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ca0xFvMfcqo&feature=related | Classroom questions | 8 2/25 | Semantics | * Yule, Chapter 9 * Hooten, “Fighting...
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...RELIGION AND WORLDVIEW ASSIGNMENT # 4 GARY APARICIO STUDENT ID: 506201 10/07/13 INTRO TO CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY VANGUARD UNIVERSITY FALL 2013 PROFESSOR ADAM AYERS “Religion is an organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and world views that relate humanity to an order of existence. Many religions have narratives, symbols, and sacred histories that are intended to explain the meaning of life and/or to explain the origin of life or the Universe. From their beliefs about the cosmos and human nature, people derive morality, ethics, religious laws or a preferred lifestyle. According to some estimates, there are roughly 4,200 religions in the world.” (Wikipedia.) Unlike some other cultures where a single religion is dominant; Korean culture has a wide variety elements of religion that have shaped the way people behave and think. When I asked Dr Ong if they are different kinds of Spiritual forces in life. Dr Ong replied that he does not believe in any spirits, ancestors, divine beings, curses, karma or magic. He claims to believe in Science. Dr Ong mentioned that he believes that we live in a primarily natural world not a supernatural one just like many others think. He said “ 1 plus one equals to two not to three”. He also mentioned believing that in life you give what you get. If you work/study hard you will go further than if you don’t. After doing some research, I realize that Dr Ong is influenced in Confucionism. Many Koreans don’t realize that they...
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...Grace March 2, 2011 Cultural Presentation |V11SP: INTRO CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY (ANT-1010-VO01-V11SP) | Drums are of big importance to the history of Africa, they have been a part of Africa's culture dating back to 500 A.D. In most Western Cultures, like India or China, the idea of drums is mostly always associated with entertainment. In Africa, drums hold a much deeper symbolical and historical meaning. Drums are referred to the “backbone” of African music because of the pulse it creates. The African drums basic uses are for communication, entertainment or both together. The talking drum has been called Africa's first telephone, this is because it was utilized to send messages or signals to surrounding tribes. These signals or codes, were sent to announce danger or upcoming meetings. The drums imitate the pitch patterns of languages, which makes it possible for others to interpret the messages. This drum is usually played beneath one arm and held against the ribcage, the drum is then squeezed to produce the pitch while the other strikes the drum head with structure resembling a stick. Drums are used during festivals, not only for entertainment but also for communication. Depending on the event being celebrated, drumbeats are played to instruct listeners of what type of dance is to be performed. For example, at the time of a birth of twins there is a different dance done than at...
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...Intro to Cultural Anthropology: The Navajo Ashley Miller ANT101 Daniel Diaz Reyes June 16, 2013 The Navajo The Navajo, also known as the Diné, are one of the largest Native American Tribes in the world. Their culture is made up of very distinct and unique characteristics that have been passed down from generation to generation. They have been taught to adapt to their surroundings and to the land. Each moral, standard, belief and value are what make the Navajo so unique to the Native Americans. In the following, their primary mode of subsistence, kinship system, beliefs, values, and economic organizations will be briefly examined to gain a better knowledge of the Navajo culture. The Navajo culture were originally foragers, traveling across land in search of unsettled land and resources for their tribes. After migrating south from the pacific northwest over 700 years ago, the Navajo settled in Southwest America. They were then introduced to sheep by the Spaniards and soon after been pastoral and started growing small crops and caring for their animals. According to the Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural American, “A Navajo is “born to” the mother’s clan and “born for” the father’s clan” (Birchfield, 2000). It is said that the Navajo society is matrilineal, meaning that a clan’s identity is derived from the female. In a traditional introduction, the Navajo will first introduce themselves by naming the maternal clan, followed by the paternal clan....
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...LIBERAL ARTS BREADTH AND MY EDUCATION 3 Liberal Arts Breadth and My Education There are many benefits to getting a Liberal Arts degree in today’s economic market. It is a message to your employer that you are willing to take on new information, and learn more then what is necessary to succeed. It shows initiative and the ability to expand your horizons beyond yourself. In a Liberal Arts education there is more purpose then just learning the career field of choice. It is a program that teaches critical thinking and self-thought. It teaches the student how to learn and teach themselves, to achieve more than just memorization of facts. In the Ottawa University Liberal Arts degree they have four breadth areas that are required for completion of their program. The breadth areas are as follows: Art/Expression, Social/Civic, Science/Description and Value/Meaning. Art/Expression According, to the official curriculum laid out by the school this category is that is highly concentrated in being capable of expressing self through art or speech. It spans from painting, to music, dance, language and communication. The manual’s description is, “how we express ourselves in spoken and written communication and the arts, looking at strengths, experiences, and new opportunities for challenge and growth.” Like, most people art has always been a part of my life. It followed me through my elementary school years to high school. I took ceramics, painting and woodworking 1, 2, 3, and 4 though...
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...What is Functionalism? In the social sciences specifically sociology and socio-cultural anthropology, functionalism also functional analysis, is a sociological philosophy that originally attempts to explain social institutions as collective means to fill individual biological needs. Later it came to focus on the ways social institutions fill social needs, especially social solidarity. Functionalism is associated with Emile Durkheim and more recently with Talcott Parsons (Marshall 1994: 190-1). Since functional analysis studies the contributions made by socio-cultural phenomena to the socio-cultural systems of which they are a part. Many functionalists argue that social institutions are functionally integrated to form a stable system and that a change in one institution will precipitate a change in other institutions; expressed by Durkheim and others as an organic analogy. Functionalism, originating as an alternative to historical explanations, was one of the first twentieth century anthropological theories, until it was superseded by structural-functional analysis or structural-functionalism. Structural-functionalism takes the view that society consists of parts (e.g. police, hospitals, schools, and farms), each of which have their own functions and work together to promote social stability. Structural-functionalism was the dominant perspective of cultural anthropologists and rural sociologists between World War II and the Vietnam War. Along with conflict theory and interactionism...
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...THE CATHOLIC CHURCH’S VIEW ON WOMEN Reported by: Martin & Luzong The status of women in the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament) Passages treating women as inferior to men Exodus 1:15-16, the Pharaoh ordered the midwives to kill all Jewish boys at birth, because of the threat that they might pose to the kingdom. "And he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see them upon the stools; if it be a son, then ye shall kill him: but if it be a daughter, then she shall live." The girls, being considered less important, were not seen as a threat; they were allowed to live. Deuteronomy 22:23 extends this prohibition to a man sleeping with a woman who is engaged to be married. If a man has an affair with an unmarried woman, the act is not considered adultery. Married men were free to visit prostitutes. A man who committed adultery did not commit a wrongful act against his own wife, but rather against his male neighbor. Numbers 30 describes that a vow taken by a man is binding. But a vow taken by a woman can be nullified by her father, if she is still living in her family of origin, or by her husband, if she is married. • Old testament figures, Virgin Mary, and female disciples of Jesus in the Gospels. • Theologians, abbesses, monarchs, missionaries, mystics, martyrs, scientists, nurses, hospital administrators, educationalists and religious sisters, many of whom have been canonised as Catholic saints • ...
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...Running Head: MAORI Page 1 The Mighty Maori Ericka Silva ANT101 Intro to Cultural Anthropology Katie Custer Mar. 4, 2013 Running Head: MAORI Page 2 The Mighty Maori The Maori were people that were said to have come from Tahiti and arrived in New Zealand in the 14th Century time frame. They came in what was called “the seven canoes of the great fleet”. (Latham, C; 1996) They are considered to be Polynesians and originally had found their home in the top parts of New Zealand. They are what we call “foragers” in the Anthropology world. Foragers are those cultures that hunt and gather from the land in which they live on. (Nowak, B/Laird, P; 2010) In the following pages I will describe how this culture lived and survived. I will describe how their ways of life were and events that came about. In 1350 they were a tribe that migrated from the Polynesian islands and had made their way to New Zealand. These foragers came in a mass group and were mostly hunters and fishermen. When they migrated they had brought their own plants and animals that they had domesticated themselves. Unfortunately most of it did not make it through the travel because the climates were too different and the animals and plants were not used to the new land. For many centuries these people survived and flourished in their new land. The Maori have a unique way of believing that there are supernatural ways that help them. They believed in the spiritual aspect of things from...
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