...Cloning is not new and experiments with frogs and toads date back to the 1970s . Experiments involving plants and animal embryos have been performed for years, yet experiments involving human beings have never been tried or thought possible, until "Dolly". Her birth shocked the scientific community and has spurred discussion about the possibility of human clones. In the following essay I am going to speak about the subject of Human Cloning, its pros and cons, and speak against the following issues. Pros of Human Cloning Prior to arguing against the human cloning it is imperative to note the positives of this genetic technology. Human cloning will allow doctors to determine the cause of spontaneous abortions, give oncologists an understanding of the rapid cell growth of cancer, allow the use of stem cells to regenerate nerve tissues, and advance work on aging, genetics, and medicines. Some people argue that cloning is the logical next step in reproductive technology. Identical twins are natural clones, so reproductive cloning can be regarded as a technological version of a natural process (McGee, 82). If a couple are infertile, why shouldn't they be able to produce clones of themselves? If a couple have lost a child, why shouldn't they be able to replace that loved individual with a clone if that is possible? Equally if someone has made a great contribution to science, music, the arts or literature, it seems like a good idea to produce more of them in the hope that we might...
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... Therapeutic cloning has the potential to treat several degenerative diseases, thereby defective genes could be replaced and help improve the lives of millions. However, cloning in the human sense has had a difficult start. DNA cloning has permitted the development of modern biology, in particular within the last forty years. In this time frame the world has passed from theories to actually cloning genes. Subsequently, The University of Utah Health Sciences did a study on the history of cloning: Mitalipov and colleagues were the first to use somatic cell nuclear transfer to create a human embryo. …In this experiment, researchers took a skin cell from a patient and fused it with a donated egg cell. Key to the success of the experiment was the modification to the culture liquid in which the procedure was done and to the series of electrical pulses used to stimulate the egg to begin its division. Following the cloning controversy of 2004–2005, in which South Korean scientists falsely claimed to have used somatic cell nuclear transfer to create embryonic stem cell lines, the scientific community demanded much stronger evidence that the procedure had actually been successful. (Learn. Genetics) Subsequently, many states in the US began to prohibit the use of therapeutic and reproductive cloning. Regardless, cloning should be decriminalized, with the stipulation that serious regulations be put into place. People, often too caught in the moral implications of cloning never take the...
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...around fields pertaining to scientific advances, for example gene cloning, are all of these developments beneficial to our lives or will they in the future create more harm than the seemingly conspiracy arousing commendable purposes they were originally intended to carry out. Is gene cloning inherently wrong? Is the birth of naturally occurring twins, triplets, or quadruplets an unworthy natural occurrence to the scientific realm of our society? Firstly, just the general knowledge that it exists is a little perplexing, yes, it is beneficial to recreating tissue for diseases like diabetes, pancreatic cancer, and even Parkinson’s disease, and of course the often debated stem cell...
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...Philosophy 243-007 Cloning Essay October 5,2011 Leon Kass, the author of “ Preventing Brave New World”, an article opposing the continuation of cloning, is wrong to conclude that with the use of human cloning, we will fall down a slippery slope leading to the degradation of our human nature, putting ourselves before our children, bettering our children for the wrong reasons, and ultimately demeaning our own moral worth (Kass, 445). Through the scientific advances that we have made throughout the years, we have made the lives of many people longer and more fulfilling. The advances that Kass is arguing against, has given people children, prolonged the lives of many, and given people the opportunity to do things that they may not be able to do anymore. If there are all of these positive outcomes, how can Kass argue what he does? Before I begin, I feel it necessary to clear up a misunderstood word that may be the reason why people view certain aspects of cloning the way that they do. I will give this particular word a complete unbias by using a scientific definition instead of using my own words. The term that a person should know to truly understand the perspectives being compared is the word: Embryo. According to The Encyclopedia Britannica, an embryo is, “the unborn child until the end of the seventh week following conception; from the eighth week the unborn child is called a fetus”(Encyclopedia Britannica; “embryo.”). The embryos that are being used for cloning are only during...
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...102 Argumentative Essay 21st March, 2013 Cloning The twenty first century has brought in many extraordinary breakthroughs one of which happens to be cloning. Cloning can be defined as the process of creating a cell, tissue line or even a complete organism from a single cell (Jane Maienshchein, 2001). Cloning was a mere dream that people in the past used to have and wish upon, where cloning has been seen to be an impossible desire that no man can achieve. However, nowadays technology has reached levels that people thought would never reach and spread into so many branches and depths that now it has become safe to say that nothing is really impossible. Breaking the impossibility, many questions are being asked and many arguments are taking place around human cloning. Cloning has been considered to not just human beings but to animals as well. When the sheep dolly was cloned, the issue of cloning became something familiar to read about in the news. Many headlines have helped the public consider about taking part in this serious issue that is human cloning. Questions start to rise regarding the possibility of human cloning, and of course technology, they are questions that never stop. What has started out as thoughts and ideas about human cloning written down on papers, are now ideas that are being turned in to live experiments preformed in the labs. Away from the different views of the religious organizations and people’s thoughts and disagreement, cloning can be considered...
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...Persuasive Essay A big topic that is I know is a very touchy subject for most people whether it’s supporting or against it, is cloning. Have you ever wondered what it would be like if you could clone a dying family dog or cat that everyone is extremely attached too or even cloning fish, cows, and chickens when food source is scarce in a certain region of the world. The world population is continuously growing and will not slow down anytime soon and the food supply can only grow so fast This topic has been in discussion and arguments for years. There are many arguments that make sense and can convince people that this might be a great idea to do and there are also many great points of why cloning is a really bad and shouldn’t be done. It will always be a hot topic in society and will always be arguments whether it’s in a classroom discussing touchy subjects or in congress to pass a bill that involves the topic of cloning. Some of the big pros of cloning especially for human cloning that caught my attention are defective genes could be eliminated, faster recovery from traumatic injury, and organ cloning. According to Healthresearchfunding.org , The Genetic illnesses caused my damaged DNA lines will disappear because the cloning of the human healthy human cells. This could prevent so many young children that have Genetic diseases especially the deadly ones. I feel this is very convincing for me because seeing young children with diseases like that breaks my heart and feel they...
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...Cloning is paradigmatic because it signifies both a specific medical technique and the mode of operation of modern technique. As a specific technique it allows the reproduction of biological organisms, including humans. As a mode of operation it signifies the turning of given phenomena into human-induced processes, and in doing so seeks to control, if not outright eliminate, otherwise given differences. In the latter sense, cloning is equally applicable to biological organisms and cultural artifacts, including law. Seen from this perspective the homogenization of international law in the field of biotechnology is a telling case of the cloning of international law. The essay will begin with a science fiction account of cloning through a brief discussion of Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World.17 I will then move to discuss two case studies of genetic regulation, which simultaneously address the problem of cloning and reproduce the problem on a different level. The first concerns human cloning and the 2005 United Nation Declaration on the Human Cloning.18 The second concerns stem-cell research and a more recent decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in the case of Brüstle v. Greenpeace (2011), to impose a blanket prohibition on patenting the outcome of stem-cell research. The two cases represent the growing international governance of biotechnologies. Both regulations set limits on the use of specific biotechnologies either by an outright prohibition of...
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...Nathan Johnson Persuasive Essay Human Cloning Cloning humans has recently become a possibility that seems much more realistic in today's society than it was twenty years ago. It is a method that involves the production of a group of identical cells or organisms that all derive from a single individual (Grolier 220). It is not known when or how cloning humans really became a possibility, but it is known that there are two possible ways that we can clone humans. The first way involves splitting an embryo into several halves and creating many new individuals from that embryo. The second method of cloning a human involves taking cells from an already existing human being and cloning them, in turn creating other individuals that are identical to that particular person. With these two methods almost at our fingertips, we must ask ourselves two very important questions: Can we do this, and should we? There is no doubt that many problems involving the technological and ethical sides of this issue will arise and will be virtually impossible to avoid, but the overall idea of cloning humans is one that we should accept as a possible reality for the future. Cloning humans is an idea that has always been thought of as something that could be found in science fiction novels, but never as a concept that society could actually experience. "It is much in the news. The public has been bombarded with newspaper articles, magazine stories, books, television shows, and movies as well as cartoons¨...
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...was stated earlier in this essay that businesses have the moral responsibility towards the future of the human race but we believe that businesses are not allowed to own life regarding the creation of clones and owning set clones equal to owning equipment or machinery. As discussed in class Mill stated that humans have intellectual pleasures and we are the only species to have these intellectual pleasures. Mills stated that most people believe that it is better to be an unhappy human than a happy pig. A human can think, debate, and understand the world around him. ‘It is better to be human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied;better to be a Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied. And if the fool, or the pig are of a different opinion, it is because they only know their own side of the question. The other party to the comparison knows both sides’(Ethical Theory). By creating a clone you are creating another human being who has all the capabilities of learning and has the ability to understand its surroundings. If you treat a clone as simply a catchy of resources to save others, or as means to an end, it is just morally and ethically wrong. Although cloning and owning human life is considered immoral, the owning and cloning of animal life is a different topic. We believe that animal’s lives are allowed to be owned by businesses and aloud to be tested on only if the business focuses on the moral responsibility of helping the human race. ‘To find cures for...
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...Governments will and has spent millions of dollars to clone extinct animal by trying to clone non-extinct animal. If they continue to fund this project, the governments will be totally unsatisfied with the result. the essay, “De-Extinction Is Immoral, and Bad Science All Around”, will prove to be the correct way to think about cloning extinct animals. There are many things wrong with cloning animals from the past. For example, the author of this essay claims that, "De-extinction is immoral, unethical, and dangerous.It should not be pursued" (Counterpoint para 8). I immoral, unethical, and dangerous are just ways to describe what could happen if scientists clone extinct animals. The animals could spread disease to living animals and could spread...
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...Human Genetic Engineering: The Future of Mankind Human genetic engineering has been a controversial topic with religious leaders since before they even knew what it was. Right off the bat the majority of people are skeptical about this touchy topic just because of the way it sounds, and of course once they hear what it’s all about, they either become even more hesitant to accept it, or reject the idea of it entirely. Some think that the process of human genetic engineering is a bad thing because technically it takes life. The argument is that even though life is being created through fertilization of an embryo, the life cannot feel or understand pain yet, making the process of genetic engineering justifiable. Also, study and research through genetic engineering will ultimately help those who can feel pain. This procedure will cure thousands, and thousands more will be healthier and better off because of the advances we will make. Human genetic engineering is the process of genetically engineering people by modifying or changing their genotypes before they are born. A genotype is a genetic institution of an individual with respect to a particular characteristic; for example eye or hair color. So if a person’s genotype told you they have blue eyes, you could modify that genotype to make it so they would have green eyes. The cells in a person’s body contain encoded information about the body’s growth, structure, and functioning in the form of genes. Human genetic engineering...
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...It is possible to clone mammals. Is it morally acceptable to clone a human being? Defend your answer against those who would not agree with you. By: Martin Pierce Student Number: 1057404 In cloning for medical-research purposes the development of the embryo is halted as soon as a cluster of stem cells develops. The stem cells are then harvested for research purposes. Due to the fact that no infant is born (in fact the embryo never even gets past the blastocyst stage), it is argued that this type of cloning has nothing to do with human cloning. (Hatch Backs Limited Cloning, 2002). For this reason this paper shall take the statement “to clone a human being” as meaning cloning that results in a fully formed human and not on the cloning of embryos for the purposes of research. The issues around cloning are in the main more ethical than theological and yet most of the objections to cloning come from religious sources, even if those objections are not religious in nature. The first objection is that cloning leaves God out of the process of human creation. This only makes sense though if your definition of God is of a being that plays a role in the birth of each member of our species. Even holding to this view it does not necessarily follow that cloning is comparable to playing God (Brannigan, 2001). How can science prevent a supposedly...
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...Types of Essay Introductions 1. A general statement. Begin with a general statement and then follow it with more particular or specific statements leading to your thesis statement. This introductory strategy is sometimes referred to as a funnel introduction because, like a funnel, it is broad at the opening and narrow at the bottom. The issue of whether we should allow marine parks to stay open has been widely debated in our community recently. It is an important issue because it concerns fundamental moral and economic questions about the way we use our native wildlife. A variety of different arguments have been put forward about this issue, but considering arguments for having marine parks and pointing to some of the problems with these parks, it is not difficult to understand our legislation should introduce laws which prohibit these unnecessary and cruel institutions. 2. A Question. Many writers open their essays with a question that is meant to attract the interest of the reader. Sometimes writers use a rhetorical question; that is, a question for which no answer is expected because the intended answer is obvious. An example of a rhetorical question: “Should we allow child abuse to continue?” A writer might open an essay with a question that requires an answer; the need to hear the answer keeps the reader reading. When people think ahead to the year 2050, many different questions come to mind. Does germ warfare have the potential to destroy...
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...Presents MINI-RESEARCH STRATEGIES & MODELS Mini-Research Activities Increase Student Achievement Support the Mission of the 21st Century Librarian INCLUDES: LM_Net commentary on preventing of plagiarism vs. detection and punishment strategies The challenge to librarians of the Pew and N2H2 Study of student Internet use Doug Johnson strategies for Low Probability of Plagiarism (LPP) Mini-Research models and strategies curb plagiarism and develop writing and critical thinking Scientific-based research (SBR) supports the use of mini-research activities to increase student achievement © ProQuest LLC – May be reproduced for Educational Purposes September 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS Topic Section Selected LM_Net Librarian Comments about Positive Strategies for Preventing Plagiarism Strategies for Creating Low Probability of Plagiarism Research Activities—Doug Johnson Bloom‘s Taxonomy of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and Mini-Research ProQuest Mini-Research Strategies Correlated to HOTS -- (Bloom‘s Taxonomy) Mini-Research Formal Model—Integrate Technology and Prevent Plagiarism Mini-Research Draft Summary Model Integrates Technology Methods and Skills Mini-Research Informal Model—Integrate Technology and Prevent Plagiarism Flexible Rubrics Model for Teacher Evaluation of Mini-Research Reports APPENDIX ProQuest Mini-Research Process vs. Traditional Research Renewed Emphasis on the Importance of Writing and Mini-Research Activities Scientific-based Research (SBR),...
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...The What If Factor In “Ethics and the New Genetics” , the Dalai Lama is concerned about society being able to follow and uphold a moral compass while our technological capabilities advance, which is extremely easy and practical for a religious leader to say. What if the Dalai Lama is extremely wrong and biased in his outlook on what the world will look like after such major medical advances? The Dalai Lama says there may be many consequences of science on culture and society. In all reality, consequences will never be known unless; these medical and technological advances are introduced and tried out. Consequences and effects play a very major role in science; it is all trial and error. The Dalai Lama may try to give the good and bad sides of these advances; however, they are vague and cannot be taken as the “doctrine” or “moral compass” for society. The Dalai Lama comes from Tibet, a place where people are not as nearly as modern or technologically advanced as Americans or other world powers. Tibetans have totally different priorities, morals and outlooks on life. So, how could the Dalai Lama expect for modernized people to follow his guidance when he comes from a background that lives for the future and not the present? In reality, the world is having so many medical and social issues now, from the swine flu outbreak to the present state of our economy. Do we forget about these present issues and just focus on a future world that may not even be here in the near future...
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