...Proposal For: John Snow and His Influence on Public Health Monica Rodgers PU120 Section 1 Professor Nicole Heim Unit 2 Assignment Thesis: John Snow formulated a theory on the transmission of cholera, improved the mode of administration of anesthetics, and made advancements in resuscitation. He is considered a father of epidemiology, even though many of his concepts were not accepted until years after his death. Among those who have left their mark on the development of public health is John Snow, a man who is considered a father of modern epidemiology. However, many of his concepts were not accepted until after his death. John Snow worked hard and published many great works. In this paper, I will briefly discuss John Snows background, his works, and the outcome of those works. John Snow was the son of a humble laborer in York, England. Snow’s father eventually became a farmer and landlord after acquiring a sufficient amount of property. Snow on the other hand took a different path in society, becoming an apprentice to William Hardcastle. After obtaining an education from several schools, Snow became a licensed apothecary, surgeon, and physician. John Snow first encountered cholera in 1831-32 in Newcastle. It was in the London epidemic of 1848-49 that Snow proposed that cholera entered the body through the mouth. In 1849, Snow wrote “On the mode of communication of cholera”. It was dismissed for lack of data. In 1841, Snow published his first work, entitled...
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...P2 Considerably public health has developed over many years and changes occurred over time reflecting concerns on the health of the nation during each period. This changes have produced the public health system that is in place till this present time. The early reformers of social and economic conditions played a huge impact in balancing the health status of the nation in a way that, every individual will benefit from it. Health professionals increase their medical knowledge greatly relative to how diseases where spread and also various progress where made in helping to decrease the incidence of the contagious disease which killed several people. As part of P1 assignment I discussed the key aspects of the public health strategies in the UK. Several changes which took place within the Public Health System are as a result of awareness promotions and awareness which is highlighted in general by individuals and groups across the nation. The government take into considerations the health needs of the people and acts on the findings demonstrated through national statistics. The government act on these findings by passing laws that are considered to power the overall health and well-being of the nation. In the 19th century, scientist discovered that microorganisms are responsible for the killer diseases like cholera and tuberculosis, and the public health was officially lunched in an effort to provide clean water supplies and waste disposal systems. Poor law system (1834) which...
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...Unit 12 – Historical Perspectives of the Health System P1: Describe key aspects of public health strategies P2: Describe the origins of public health policy in the UK from the 19th century to the present day Public Health is about helping everyone to stay healthy rather than focusing specifically on the individual, with the aim to promote health, protecting individuals from threats to their health and preventing ill-health. Public health policies have made a significant impact in increasing a person's overall life expectancy and improving health. (Public Health) PUBLIC HEALTH STRATEGIES: Public health strategies are devised in order to prevent the spread of diseases, prolong life and promote health. This can be done through the use of monitoring, identifying, developing programmes etc. Monitoring the health status of the community – Is a key aspect of health strategies that are in place within the UK. This health strategy helps to monitor any changes that occur in the health of the population, along with alerting individuals to any potential problems. Health throughout the UK is monitored by quality of life, infant mortality rates and life expectancy (Baker L, 2008, BTEC National Health and Social Care Book 2, page 2) The monitoring of health throughout the country allows for advanced planning of local services within the community that may be at risk of certain health problems. The monitoring of health at a local level allows for information to be recorded...
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...,July 21st 2009 ENC 1102 M,W, 7:45am Term Paper “The Theme of Human Struggle in the Works of Ernest Hemingway” In my research paper I will show how elements of life and death, folklore/fables, myths, and rites of passage support the theme of human struggle against nature in the stories "The Old Man and the Sea," "Indian Camp," "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" and "The Snows of Kilimanjaro” by Ernest Hemingway. Through comparative analysis of these stories' underlying themes I will address the initiation experiences of his heroes. Human dignity, morality, and the formation of human individuality through mental strife and the struggle against nature are often themes of Hemingway. Humans cope with the complexity of the world by developing simple mental models based on opposite parts. Life and death are together, two extremes of one energy. Life is the active force and death is the inactive force, but they cannot be separated. Thus, they are two aspects of one reality. When people are reading about living beings and mythological beings or those who are dead, they view the word of the dead as a living world. The dead eat, sleep and move. In the book “The Hero in Hemingway's short stories”, J. DeFalco points out that: " in the Myth there are usually three dominant movements which are cyclic in pattern. They are the departure of the hero, the initiation, and the return from heroic adventure." (17). The movements of the hero to the world where...
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...Human Resource Management Review 18 (2008) 87–99 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Human Resource Management Review j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / h u m r e s Job analysis for a changing workplace Parbudyal Singh ⁎,1 School of Administrative Studies, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3 a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Job analysis sits at the heart of all human resource practices, making it a critically important management activity in every organization. However, with increasing competition, shorter product life-cycles, rapid technological innovations, and the changing nature of organizational structures, its underlying assumptions are becoming increasingly questionable in today's dynamic work environment. Moreover, the methods used by traditional job analysis are simply not applicable to many new and emerging jobs and some authors feel it may even be an obstacle to organizational success. This has led to calls for a more proactive and strategic approach to job analysis so that the procedures will continue to be relevant. In this article, I emphasize the need for a strategic approach to job analysis, present a strategic job analysis framework, and discuss implications for organizations. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Strategic job analysis Job analysis Changing workplace Competency modelling 1. Introduction Job analysis may be viewed as...
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...Gender Roles in Disney Movies It is undeniable that the company that is leading to many generations in their child age is Disney. Who does not remember Mickey and Minnie Mouse?, Who has not thrown a tear when Snow White was poisoned by the evil witch?, Who did not want to ever be in the place of handsome John Smith or Pocahontas herself to revive their love story?, that tender these films, is not it, for example the Little Mermaid and Sebastian the crab song, who does not remember that song from "under the sea”? Has anybody ever wondered why the dwarves themselves did not do the housework when they came home once Snow White "moved in" with them? Or why an Indian as Pocahontas, falls for a murderer of thousands of his countrymen as was John Smith? Or why witches are always bad? Or why women are always in the background in these films (Hubka, Hovdestad & Tonmyr, 2009)? The world of Disney Princess began in 1937 when Snow White entered the world with the Seven Dwarfs (McRobbie, 2008). Since then it continued to add princesses in this world and the most recent movie was Tangled (Rapunzel) in 2011. In the past years, due to the lack of portraying ethnicity, Disney movie makers were highly criticized by their audience. Therefore, Pocahontas appeared in 1995 and after three years in 1998 came Mulan, which created a racially diverse collection of Disney princesses. After a decade The Princess and the Frog was released in 2009. It is important to understand that Disney plays an important...
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...Phong Huynh English 205 Research paper Villa Diodati Villa Diodati is a mansion in the village of Cologny near Lake Geneva in Switzerland, notable because Lord Byron rented it and stayed there with John Polidori in the summer of 1816. Villa Diodati was originally called the Villa Belle Rive, Byron named it the Villa Diodati after his family owned it. Percy Bysshe Shelley and Mary Shelley, who was renting a house nearby, is a frequent visitor. Due to bad weather, in June 1816, the famous group spent three days together in the creation stories to tell each other, two of which have been developed into the landmark works of the genre Gothic horror: Frankenstein Mary Shelley and the Vampyre, the first modern vampire story, by Polidori. In May 1816 the poet Percy Shelley, together with Mary Godwin and their son William travelled to Geneva. The journey across the French border and into Switzerland involved travelling through bleak, wintry landscapes. As Mary recorded afterwards in her travel volume History of a Six Weeks: Tour through a part of France, Switzerland, Germany and Holland (1817): “Never was a scene more awfully desolate. The trees in these regions are incredibly large, and stand in scattered clumps over the white wilderness; the vast expanse of snow was chequered only by these gigantic pines, and the poles that marked our road: no river or rock-encircled lawn relieved the eye, by adding the picturesque to the sublime”. The landscape, with its frightening, lonely...
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...Level Strategy In the pursuit of operationalising the concept of business-level strategy in research, Donald C. Hambrick explains that strategy is generally viewed as a pattern of important decisions that guides the organization in its relationships with its environment, affects the internal structure and processes of the organization, and centrally affects the organization's performance. Numerous variables (e.g., nature of the industry, product life cycle,other environmental attributes) can be introduced to enrich the array of possible strategy-performance theories to be tested. Miles and snow [1978] have systematically examined the linkage between business-level strategy and structure. The range of organizational processes and managerial activities that could be tested for their associations with business level strategies appears to be substantial. Research on business-level strategy has implicated basically four different approaches to operationalising the construct. First, some researchers have seen strategy as a situational art that can best be studied through in-depth case studies. When cases are used in an attempt to build theory, they likewise involve qualitative descriptions of business-level strategies. An attraction of textual characterizations of strategy is that they may be used when strategy is treated as a predictor, mediator, or criterion variable in a research design. Second is by hypothesizing. Examples are studies that have put market share as the dominant...
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...placed a solicitation for a one year construction contract to build a ten story office building for the FAA in the downtown area of Washington, DC. My company, Bell Construction, Inc. was awarded the $8 million contract in December of 2010. Our contracting officer, John Blair was responsible for administering the contract and ensuring that we met the completion date of December 30, 2011. My company officially started the project on January 2, 2011. The project went well for a couple of months considering we had our occasional bad weather of snow, rain and high winds but we had more than enough time to complete the project. As time went on the contract started to experience a couple of bumps in the road in terms of minor delays which were caused by the government or shall I say our contracting officer John Blair. In May of 2011, John informed us that the project will be delayed because the paperwork on his end was not complete and for safety purposes needed to halt the project. I found this to be totally unprofessional and unacceptable. Four months into the project and the foundation has been laid along with three levels of the building having already been completed and he was now concerned about our safety. John did not provide us with a reasonable timeframe as to when the work will restart or if we will be given an extension for completion. He asked us to standby for a couple of weeks until he gets more information. This project is very important because my company’s resources...
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...merchandise included various cuts of beef and pork, along with chicken, and butter. His customers either purchased the goods with money, or bartered for credit with live chickens or hogs, which John butchered and sold to his...
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...word counts: 2960 Questions: Question 1 You have been asked to advise two entirely different businesses about the benefits and problems associated with what is termed the “traditional approach to budgeting and budgetary control”. One of the businesses operates in a very stable and static market place, where there is little change in either products or demand year on year, whereas the other business operates in a very dynamic, rapidly changing, innovative environment. If your findings suggest that the traditional approach is inappropriate for one or both of the businesses, please summarise some alternative approaches. The “traditional approach” typically involves the following processes: 1) Development of assumptions and plans about the factors influencing next year’s budget in advance of the budget year starting; 2) Approval of the budget before the commencement of the budget year; 3) Once the budget year has started, there are monthly comparison reports which compares budget and actual performance on both a monthly and cumulative basis; 4) Action being taken (where necessary) to correct large variances or differences. Question 2 XYZ Limited is a medium sized manufacturing business which makes and sells products to a range of industrial customers who use XYZ’s products in their own products. The working capital of XYZ is typical of a manufacturing organisation in that at any point in time they have cash, debtors, stocks of raw materials...
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...Review First Draft Introduction The research topic discussed in this literature review addresses the question of what human service agencies in the state of Idaho do to combat domestic minor sex-trafficking. The purpose of this research study is to explore the ideology of different research studies that explain and identify effective strategies to prevent domestic minor-sex trafficking in neighborhoods and communities. Sex-trafficking is a social problem because, “the crime of people trafficking is an assault on human rights” (Heredia, 2008, p. 399). The issue of Fighting against sex-trafficking was addressed at the UN convention when a protocol was set to tackle the problems of sex-trafficking. There are strategies and interventions used by international and national human service agencies to assist the sex-trafficking victims. Shared Hope International and partner non-profit organizations stated the importance of protecting the victims, preventing the crime and prosecuting the perpetrators, and also have decided to act upon the problem (Shared Hope International, 2009). Further in the study, the researcher will provide detailed analysis of the strategies used by the human service agencies to aid the victims of trafficking. These strategies will include training law enforcement to investigate human trafficking cases, improving communication between the human service agencies and law enforcement, and enhancing the scope of research. Strategies and Implementation Identifying...
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...Daniel Dockal Feb 19, 2010 Bio 101 Heather Senseney-Mellor Prediction of the future In this paper I will be taking about the prediction of the future going forward 5 million, 100 million and 200 million years into the future of this planet earth. I decided to research and find scientific evidence to write and explain what will occur in the future. I think everyone is eager to know how this planet will evolve and what will happen to the human kind and other living things. This is one of the questions that we will never know or be accurate about. The more we know about our history the better knowledge we have about the future and what will happen. History always repeats itself this is why we learn as much as we can about the past and study it so well, so we can predict the future. By going into the future the climate of the earth is always going to be changing and all living things are going adapting to the changes and other species are evolved and others will die out because of it. “The condition of the environment is the key of the living things in this earth and plants are depend on it”(science nsa). The earth has to have a certain amount of carbon dioxide, a change in this can have a big impact on the living things and animals. “The temperature is also an important role”(wired magazine), if the temperature keeps rising every year than the plants will dry out and even cause global warming which we already are facing. This will only be a disaster and we have to know how...
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...Unit 12: Public Health Contents No. | Title | Page no. | 1 | P1: Describe key aspects of public health | 3 | 2 | P2: Describe the origins of public health policy in the UK from the 19th century to the present day | 4-5 | 3 | P3: Describe current patterns of ill health and how they are monitored | 6 | 4 | P4: Explain the main factors affecting current patterns of health in the UK | 7-8 | 5 | P5: Explain health promotion and protection | 9 | 6 | P6: Explain appropriate methods of prevention/control for a named communicable and a named non-communicable disease | 10 | | Bibliography | 11 | P1: Describe key aspects of public health These are the key aspects of public health: 1) Monitoring health status – They do this by tracking changes in the health of the population and alerting people to potential problems, like the rising levels of obesity within the population....
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...dollar has decreased in value compared to other currencies, making the U.S. dollar now, but less of the other currency than before (depreciation of the dollar). For the purpose of this paper a weak dollar perspective will be used throughout the development of the same. It is said that when the dollar is weak or depreciate against other currencies, several effects may be encountered. In other words, we have pros, but also cons as a consequence of such depreciation. After researching about the advantages and disadvantages of a weak dollar a compilation of them was listed below: Advantages • U.S. goods and services become cheaper abroad, therefore export increase. • Other countries goods and services become more expensive and as a result; imports decrease. • Net imports (exports-imports) increases and as a result an injection of inflow money is added to the GDP of the U.S. • U.S. goods increase its competitiveness promoting the...
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