|Trying Juveniles as Adults in Criminal Court:
An Analysis of State Transfer Provisions
Report, December 1998
Patrick Griffin
Patricia Torbet
Linda Szymanski
National Center for Juvenile Justice
Shay Bilchik, Administrator
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
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Table of Contents
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Transfer Provisions Waiver Direct File Statutory Exclusion Reverse Waiver Once an Adult/Always an Adult Additional Analyses Transfer for Nonviolent Offenses Additional Pretransfer Findings Required Clear and Convincing Evidence Standard Special Transfer Treatment Based on Prior Record Devices To Limit Prosecutorial Discretion Minimum Age Provisions Appendix: Summary of Transfer Laws Share With Your Colleagues Publications From OJJDP List of Tables Most States Have a Combination of Transfer Provisions Summary of Transfer Provisions, 1997 Discretionary Waiver: Minimum Age and Offense Criteria, 1997 Mandatory Waiver: Minimum Age and Offense Criteria, 1997 Presumptive Waiver: Minimum Age and Offense Criteria, 1997 Direct File: Minimum Age and Offense Criteria, 1997 Statutory Exclusion: Minimum Age and Offense Criteria, 1997 Minimum Age and Offenses for Which a Juvenile Can Be Transferred to Criminal Court in Every State, 1997 Lowest Age of Criminal Responsibility/Criminal Court Jurisdiction, 1997 Lowest Age for Original Juvenile Court Jurisdiction in Delinquency Matters, 1997 [pic] U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 810 Seventh Street NW. Washington, DC 20531 Janet