...wide selection of personality theories as well as theorist that contributed to the theories. Just like other theories in psychology all of the theories dealing with a person’s personality have their strengths as well as their weaknesses and limitations. This paper is going to cover two of the theories of personality, psychoanalytic social theory and interpersonal theory. The paper is going to focus on comparing the two theories by covering their basic assumptions, comparing the behavior in regards to all the free will, that’s finally going over to the unconscious versus all the conscious motives for a person’s behaviors. Psychoanalytic Social Theory Assumptions The creator or the originator of the psychoanalytic social theory was Karen Horney. The most basic assumption underlying the theory is the social and the cultural experiences; special experiences in childhood, these are primarily responsible for the shaping an individual’s Character (Feist & Feist, 2009). Horney was unlike other theorists didn’t rule out biological factors as influencing a person’s personality development. She also didn’t limit childhood experiences that happened to be traumatic in the terms of stages of development. Horney was similar to Freud as she believed that people were driven by a force in life; while Freud believed it was a drive for pleasure, Horney believed that it was more of a drive for safety (Smith, 2007). According to Horney’s beliefs one of the basic underlying assumptions...
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...Karen Horney-Pioneer in Woman Psychology Latascha Purdie PSY 310 June 4, 2012 Professor Meadowlark Karen Horney-Pioneer in Woman Psychology Men dominated the world of psychology but in 1885 a woman was born that was going to challenge his or her theories. Karen Horney was considered a pioneer theorist in personality, psychoanalysis and “feminine psychology.” Her life and works contributed to the change in how female psychology was looked at and studied. From birth to death Karen Horney was born September 16, 1885 in Blankenese, Germany that is near Hamburg, to a family of seven. Her mother Clothilde Marie was the second wife of widower Berndt Danielsen, and he was in his 40s when Horney was born (Hitchcock, 2005). She had little interaction with him because he was always away at work and during the times he was home, his four older children required most of his attention. She was very close to her mother and younger brother, so to her that was her family. In those times girls went to school up until 8th grade and after that they were groomed to be wife’s and mothers. This was not what Horney wanted to do and her opportunity came because in 1894 the first Gymnasium (our equivalent of high school) for girls opened in Baden, Germany, and finally in 1900 they started to offer classes for girls in the Gymnasium in Hamburg (Hitchcock, 2005). Horney was determined to join because the plans she had laid out for herself was to one-day attend a university. Both of her parents...
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...the spirit of Bibi Chen, a SanFranscisco socialite, narrates the story of her twelve friends during their vacation and disappearance in China and Burma. Bibi's sudden death, prior to the scheduled vacation, gives her "The Mind of Others", a Buddhist term meaning she can hear others true thoughts and feelings. This new ability allows the readers insight into the raw emotions of the twelve friends. As one gets acquainted with each character the very real truth of human emotion and basic need is exposed. To reflect upon the opening quote, it is within human nature to use illusion to survive. We see what we need to see in order to make it acceptable. The twelve tourists display this when visiting China's Stone Bell Temple. They are oblivious to the beauty, history and the dangerous laws protecting the sacred land. All they see is a playground in which they act accordingly. They want to enjoy themselves, live out their modern dreams of what they feel a vacation consists of, while at the same time trampling on the traditions and concerns of the inhabitants of the land. When told they had been cursed, it is humorous to them. It is in the refusal to believe in something unknown to them that bring them on a path of turmoil. As tradition dictates, it is in a persons best interest to please the Nats (destructive and mischievous spirits when displeased) when passing a shrine. The Americans desire to believe in only what they see fit, causes most of them to deny the Nats even the smallest...
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...Introduction “At a time when bullying is rampant, it makes more sense to build on the positive by instilling compassion and dealing with kids’ questions about the unfamiliar, rather than simply outlawing behaviours,” author Tim Huff. Tim Huff is the creator of a storybook and discussion guide, titled The Cardboard Shack Under the Bridge, that focuses on teaching elementary school students compassion for people who are homeless. The focus of the material is to encourage children to understand the people and stories behind homelessness in a hope to instil compassion, rather than judgement or fear. Furthermore, the hope of the program is that it encourages children to care deeply for their communities. We created an hour and a half interactive lesson for a Grade 1/2 class at Briar Hill Elementary School with the hope that it would give the children a new perspective on people who do not have homes to live in. The lesson started with us reading the story, The Cardboard Shack Under The Bridge, by Tim Huff, and asking the students many meaningful questions on their interpretations of the pictures and what it means to be homeless. They then rotated around four centres where they got to engage in activities that helped them develop empathy for people who are homeless. Rationale: A classroom that is built around democratic principles will look very different than the average classroom. Often teachers will take on more of the role of dictator than democratic leader which leads...
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...the development of his/her personality. How does one explain where a personality comes from? Several theorist have given their answer to this question based on their own life experience. In this paper I will review and compare two personality theories. I will review the strengths and weaknesses each one presents from my own perspective. I will also see how they relate to the conscious and unconscious mind. Psychoanalytic Social Theory Karen Horney made assumptions and based on her assumptions Psychoanalytic theory was born. This theory was based on childhood experiences, social and cultural conditions causing the personality to get its form. Basically, if one does not have all the needs met in childhood such as love, acceptance then the person forms hostility toward their parents. This also led to basic anxiety. Horney theorized that people combat basic anxiety by adopting one of three fundamental styles of relating to others: (1) moving toward people, (2) moving against people, or (3) moving away from people (Feist &Feist, 2009). Karen Horney used her life as a guide for her theory ad she is well known for her work with Neurotic personality. People can protect themselves from basic anxiety through a number of protective devices, including (1) affection, (2) submissiveness, (3) power, prestige, or possession, and (4) withdrawal. Normal people have the flexibility to use any or all of these approaches, but neurotics are compelled to rely rigidly on only one. Horney’s theory...
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...NOTE: This paper is for you to get an idea from and not to copy. Please site your source and DO NOT plagerize. I received a 100% on this paper Women in Psychology- Karen Horney Student Name PSY 310 (Instructor) Cheri Meadowlark February 25, 2013 Women in Psychology: Karen Horney Karen Horney was a female psychological pioneer. She was a theorist in personality, psychoanalysis, along with feminine psychology. Karen Horney also had some theories about ones needs. Background Clotilde “Sonni” and Berndt Danielsen welcomed their second child Karen Clementina Theodora Danielsen on September 16, 1885. Karen was born in Blankenese, a small village on the north bank of Elbe, Germany. Karen’s parents had Dutch-Norwegian origins and upheld the values and principles of a European family in Victorian times (Rubins, 1978). Berndt was the captain of a ship. He did not only deliver his commands on the ocean, but he also delivered them at him. Berndt had four boys form a previous marriage, and two children with Karen’s mother; Karen was the youngest of her brothers and the only daughter. In the 1800’s a women was expected to marry if she was not going to live her life as a caretaker for her own mother or as nun. Clotide, was referred to as Sonni by Berndt and her children because she was such a freethinker. Karen’s father was harshly religious and she was only allowed to read the bible after she learned how to read. Berndt applied the values of his religious...
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...Jurors began weeding through more than two months’ worth of evidence and testimony today in an effort to determine the outcome of a contentious whistleblower trial over environmental issues on Sonoma State University’s campus. Former employee, Thomas R. Sargent, 48, claims he lost his position at the California university after raising concerns about how the college handled environmental hazards, including lead and asbestos. He filed a whistleblower claim seeking $15 million in damages alleging retaliation ended his 24-year career at the school, MyMeso previously reported.More... As the school’s environmental health and safety inspector, Sargent claims he discovered a chalky substance on top of a science building in 2012 and after reporting...
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...Socialisation &Feral Children Summary In this lecture we learned about socialisation and Wild or Feral children. The class started off with a question asking what we believed feral children were and what we thought socialisation consisted of. It seemed apparent that about half of the class were aware of what feral children were with the majority having an idea of what socialisation is. To explain to the class fully we were more than told what the meaning was but also shown videos to show the extent of the meaning. We learned that feral children we raised with no or minimal human interaction which resulted in them growing up basically alienated from human culture or lacking in socialisation skills. The video clips we watched showed harrowing examples of stories about feral children. For instance Oxana a girl from the Ukraine who lived for years with a pack of wild dog, the video clip showed her on all fours acting like a dog. We also learned of girl called Genie who was held captive alone in a dark room from the age of 1 to 13 by her father. She rarely saw other human beings and was spoon fed soft food which she could barely survive on. When she was discovered she could not walk, talk or stand up and was not toilet trained. We then discussed how once she was rescued how she struggled to adapt to socialisation and now lives in sheltered accommodation. There were numerous other examples given with the authenticity of some open to debate but all came back to the same point...
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...relationships, where they believe that, although their partner is an alcoholic or is abusive, they can change them. Adler also speaks of unrequited love, or that which is unattainable, as a form of marriage avoidance, which, in typical Freudian thinking, may be masking a problem much deeper. Adler's theories, which, while probably more inciting to popular audiences, as their relevance and applicability are quite clear, seem only to focus on a minor part of the collective personality, as termed by Jung, and stem from the all-encompassing pieces of one's personality as described by Freud. So, while Adler's theories are of some importance to the study of personality, I find the latter two psychologists points to be effective. Karen Horney, deemed the feminist psychoanalyst by Funder and Ozer, offer a somewhat different perspective in "The Distrust Between the Sexes", as she explains that, although men and women may not get along because of their envy of each other, this is actually a positive thing. Horney describes the male need for social dominance and power as a direct result of "womb envy", which men experience due to their minor contribution to the formation of life. That...
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...(Compliant personality, move towards others) Karen Horney – she discusses 3 different kinds of needs – and kinds of personalities: compliant, aggressive, detached – these needs were used to measure personality. a. If compliant, move towards others – need to be loved, appreciated b. If aggressive, move against others – need to excel, be on top c. If detached, move away from others – self-sufficient, independent. The Compliant Personality The compliant personality displays attitudes and behaviors that reflect a desire to move toward other people: an intense and continuous need for affection and approvals, an urge to be loved, wanted, and protected. Compliant personalities display these needs toward everyone, although they usually have a need for one dominant person, such as a friend or spouse, who will take charge of their lives and offer protection and guidance. For example: Facebook, Twitter, Google+ which help to draw attention of people who may not be seeing it regularly and it also promoted posts will give best results for forthcoming events and special promos. (Aggressive personality, move against from others) The Aggressive Personality Aggressive personalities move against other people. In their world, everyone is hostile; only the fittest and most cunning survive. Life is a jungle in which supremacy, strength, and ferocity are the paramount virtues. Although their motivation is the same as that of the compliant type, to alleviate...
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...Freud and Horney Dan Mathis PSY/405 December 4, 2013 Dr. Maley Freud and Horney Psychology currently exists according to theory. From theory practice develops, and with studies theory becomes accepted. Sigmund Freud, though seemingly less relevant created theory that lead the field of psychology. The psychoanalysis, though often disregarded for the language involved helped to develop many theories following is its footsteps. Certainly Karen Horney appeared to develop some of her own work based on Freud’s psychoanalysis. Both Freud’s and Horney’s theory examined the limitations, strengths, and independence of an individual. The determination of free will versus deterministic viewpoints only becomes mired in the determination of the subconscious. The similarities of the two theories do not make either less viable as they focus on separate ideas. Psychoanalysis The Psychoanalysis theory developed by Freud remains one of the most famous theories of personality. The unconscious mind drove Freud’s theory for the entirety of his career. The development of understanding that an individual’s actions do not exist solely in the conscious mind. Freud developed some terminology to explain these ideas: the Id and the superego derive a juxtaposition surrounding the ego. Imagining a devil and an angel on the shoulders of a person creates a reasonable facsimile of the theory. Understanding that the id and superego prevail in the unconscious mind requires self-awareness. Awareness...
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...Case of Karen Carpenter Virginia A Hess PSY 410 December 12, 2013 Kelley Smith Case of Karen Carpenter Anorexia nervosa happens when an individual fixates on being thin. The individual with anorexia will become obsessed with the amount of food that he or she will intake. Individuals with anorexia usually decline to consume food as well as are in denial about being hungry. These individuals are also scared to get weight as well as view themselves in a bad way. They tend to avoid social situations that involve eating. These individuals suffer from different physical problems for example dizziness/fainting, dry skin, dehydration, constipation, as well as decreased blood pressure level (Hansell & Damour, 2008). This can also result in death like in the case of Karen Carpenter. This paper will be discussing her tragic struggle with this disorder. Case Karen Carpenter was an American singer who battled with anorexia nervosa in the 1960’s. Her struggle with disorder would bring eating disorders to the public and would later contribute to her death. At an early age Karen was teased by her older brother being called “fatso”. Her mother also would make comments that made her aware of her flawed body figure. Her mother would remind her of the fact that big hips run in the family. At the age of 17 she lost 25 pounds. Career At the age of 19 Karen and her brother were signed to A&M Records. This would be the start to Karen being in the spotlight. Being...
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...Overview Angela Harris PSY/405 December 4, 2012 Dr. Patricia Stem Personality Overview Theories of Personality like other topics in psychology consist of many theories along with a very diverse group of theorists who developed these theories. Like other theories in psychology there are strengths and weaknesses that have to be examined. The purpose of this paper is to discuss two theories of personality, the psychoanalytic theory and the interpersonal theory. This paper will focus on a comparison of the two theories, the basic assumption of each, deterministic versus free will and the conscious motives versus the unconscious motives in a person’s behavior. The creator of the Psychoanalytic Social theory was Karen Horney. Horney’s psychoanalytic social theory devoted the same emphasis on society, just like Adler and Erikson. She developed her theory based on the assumptions that society and culture are major contributors to one’s personality development. One assumption in her theory is that a person’s social and the cultural experiences are primarily responsible for the shaping of an individual’s character. (Feist, & Feist, 2009). Other assumptions that Horney had was the importance of a child being raised in a stable loving environment. Horney believed that if a child’s parents did not provide a loving, stable environment, he or she could develop basic hostility, which could lead to basic anxiety. Horney also believed that because of hostility...
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...Kamwe Paw Ron George ENGL 202A 03/10/2013 Observation of Philadelphia Migration Students and Parents The migrant education program strives to ensure the migrant students to receive educational service to develop to their fullest potential. It is because children of migrant agricultural workers move so frequently to accommodate their parents’ search for employment, they often fall behind their non-migrant peers developmentally, socially and academically. So many different people or ethnic group was involve in the program. The whole week of my spring break, I went to the office, school, and some friends’ house to observe their culture. I am going to talk about the most people or ethnic groups who involve in the program. They are: Karen (who from Burma and Thai refugee camp), Chin (who also from Burma and Thai refugee camp), and Nepalese (who from Nepal). My whole week of spring break I went to the office located in 2029 S. 8th St. Philadelphia, PA 19148 to do my observation on the migration students and parents. Every Monday and Wednesday they had after school program and they also had Saturday school every week. About 300 of migrant students in the program and the building was small and had little tinny space and not enough for all of the students to come and participate. Because of that reason the coordinator of the program decided that on Monday and Wednesday they only allow students from Pre-K to 8 grade to come to the building for after school program. For high school...
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...Introduction The most popular psychodynamic personality theories that have been developed that have strengths and limitations in explaining personality. The research and supporting evidence in these theories are more reliable than others. Each theory is unique and differs from each other that can explain the casualties of personality and the distinct characteristics that are elusive to them. Many psychodynamic theorists have theorized the origins and contributions that cultivate personality (Feist & Feist, 2009). In the contents of this paper will analyze and compare the assumptions and theories of Adler, Individual Psychology and Karen Horney, Psychoanalytic Social Theory and the debate on deterministic versus free will. Alfred Adler – Individual Psychology Assumptions At one time Alfred Adler was in Sigmund Freud’s inner circle but eventually broke away and developed his own school of thought which he labeled “Individual Psychology”. Adler was in disagreement with Freud over the importance of sexuality in personality development (Ciccarelli & Meyer, 2006). Adler’s development of the theory that as young, helpless children, people all develop feelings of inferiority when comparing themselves to the more powerful, superior adults in the world (Ciccarelli & Meyer, 2006). However, Adler also states that a person’s personality and behavior represents how he or she perceives the physical world. Adler had the belief that a person’s personality is a whole unit and behavior...
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