...Abstract: The purpose of this lab was to understand momentum and energy and how they are related in the event of a collision. This experiment played around with that and different mass on carts was projected to elastic and inelastic collisions. One cart would be stationary while another was plunged towards it or they were both moving. As a result the elastics final kinetic energy was pretty much equal to the initial kinetic energy. In the inelastic case the final kinetic energy is normally less than the initial kinetic energy. Introduction: There were two main goals when performing this experiment. This first goal being to accurately demonstrate linear momentum conservation for collisions and classify whether they are elastic or inelastic. The second goal was to measure the energy loss in inelastic collisions. During this experiment we measured initial and final velocities, momentum, change in momentum, initial and final kinetic energies, and change in kinetic energies. The change in kinetic energies was what distinguished whether it was an inelastic or elastic collision. Theory and Derivations: The velocities of two carts were measured as a function of time. Two carts were attached to rotary motion sensors...
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...Name: Julius Tubbs Date: March 20, 2015 Instructor’s Name: Mohamad Termos Assignment: SCI103 Phase 5 Lab Report TITLE: Potential and Kinetic Energy INSTRUCTIONS: Enter the Virtual Lab and conduct the experiments provided. Please type your answers on this form. When your lab report is complete, submit it to the Submitted Assignments area of the Virtual Classroom. Part I – Answer the following questions while in the Phase 5 lab environment. Section 1 – From the left of the screen to the right, the red balls have a center of mass placed at 20 feet, 15 feet, and 10 feet high respectively. 1. Suppose each red ball weighs 20 lbs. Find the potential energy (PE) for each ball on each ramp. In this lab mass is given in pounds and height is in feet, so use 32.2 ft/sec2 as the gravitational constant. Your answer will be in foot-pounds since US units are being used. PE = m g h where g = 32.2 ft/sec2 Ramp 1: 12880 Ramp 2: 9660 Ramp 3: 6440 2. Predict the maximum speed (velocity) of each ball on each ramp. How would this speed change if each ball’s mass was doubled? ASSUMPTION: assume there is no friction and that all the potential energy you calculated in question 1 is transformed into kinetic energy – PE = KE. Use the following equation. KE= ½ m v2 You want to calculate v maximum speed v = [KE/ ½ m]½ This means divide the KE by half the mass and then take the square root. | Max v for 20 lb. ball | Max v for 40 lb. ball...
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...Introduction: For one to learn from this lab, one must know what Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy are and the relation to each other. Potential Energy is stored energy, which would be in an object that is not moving, and Kinetic Energy is energy in motion, which would be in any moving object. One would also need to know the Law of Conservation and Energy. This law states that Energy cannot be created or destroyed, which only God can do, but can change forms. Problem: What factors affect energy transfer in a bouncing ball? Objective: The purpose of this lab is to find the factors that affect energy in a bouncing ball and identify their significance. Hypothesis: We think that as the drop height increases that the ball height will Increase...
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...Physics Lab 4 Part 1: Friction Parabola Track 3a. Kinetic energy is the highest when the skate board has reached its lowest point. 3b. Kinetic energy is the lowest when in the middle of the drop. 4a. Potential energy is the highest when the skate board has reached the highest point. 4b. Potential energy is lowest when in the middle of the drop. 5a. Total energy is the highest when potential energy is at its highest point. 6. The value of thermal energy is 0 only when potential energy is highest. David Del Rio Physics PH 2530 Lab 4 Energy 04/06/2015 Part 1: Loop Track 8. When a skateboarder moves, what happens to the kinetic and potential energy? Conservative (closed) or non-conservative (open) system? - Kinetic energy rises as the skateboarder moves downward. -potential energy rises as the skateboarder moves up. - Non-Conservative 9. Where is the skateboarder at on the ramp when he reaches the maximum point of potential energy? 4546.93 11. m = 76./kg The skateboarders mass = 76 kg 12a. calculated mass = 76 kg 12b. Actual mass 75 kg 12c. Comparison = .98% 13. When the coefficient is adjusted half way the kinetic energy decreases to 0 as to the potential energy decreases and finally stabilizes. - This is a closed system. Part 2: Friction Parabola Track 2a. kinetic energy is highest when the skaters’ board is at the lowest point 2b. in the middle of the drop the kinetic energy is highest. 3a. potential energy is the highest when the skaters’...
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...A collision occurs when two objects collide together creating an external force that is either zero or smaller. The goals of this lab were to find out what happens to the linear momentum and kinetic energy of different objects when they collide. Also, what happens to the momentum and kinetic energy in a completely inelastic collision and perfectly elastic collision? For completely inelastic collision the linear momentum should be conserved, but the kinetic energy should not be conserved. On the other hand, the linear momentum and the kinetic energy should both be conserved during perfectly elastic collision. Kf / Ko should equal one for perfectly elastic collision and, it should equal the mass of 1 divided by the sum of the mass 1 and 2 for...
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...Yangyang Bian Phys 1101W Section 100 TA: Roxanne Radpour November 15, 2009 Lab 5 Problem #1 Kinetic Energy and Work Problem description and prediction: In this lab, we release a cart from different heights of the incline and then investigate how the final velocity depends on its initial release height and what the relation between the work and the change in kinetic energy. EK1=0 EK2=1/2mv2 The work is done by the x-component of gravity. W=mgsinθ×L=mgH ( unit is kg·m/s2·m=kgm2/s2) v2-0=2as v2=2as=2gsinθ×L=2gH v= (2gH)1/2 The final velocity depends on the height. It is not necessary related with the angle and mass. EK2=1/2mv2 (unit is kgm2/s2) EK2-EK1=1/2mv2-0=1/2m·2gH=mgH W=EK2-EK1 The work done by the gravity on the cart is equal to the change in kinetic energy. Procedure: 1. Practice: Vary track angles, release heights, and cart masses. And then release the cart form the rest. During each trial, measure the time when the cart reaches to bottom of the incline. 2. Vary release heights: Set the track angle which is 4.9° and the mass which is 190g. Release the cart from three different heights and take video for all of them. Data: H1=24cm, L1=153cm sinθ=0.157 θ=9.02° H2=13cm, L2=153cm sinθ=0.085 θ=4.9° 1. Practise: Change angles θ | 4.9° | 9.02° | t | 1.68s | 1.72s | Change masses m | ...
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...Conservation of Energy Lab Purpose: To explore what happens to the gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, and total mechanical energy of a cart as it rolls down a ramp. Hypothesis: As a cart rolls down a ramp, then its kinetic energy increases because the cart gains speed. As a cart rolls down a ramp, then its gravitational potential energy decreases, because it gets closer to earths surface. As a cart rolls down a ramp, then its mechanical energy is constant, because the increase of kinetic energy and decrease of gravitational energy cancels each other out. Materials and apparatus: * Eye protection * Ramp * 3-4 textbooks or wood blocks * Meter stick * Motion sensor * Laboratory cart Procedure: 1) Propped up one end of a ramp using textbooks or wood blocks. Used a meter stick to measure the length of the ramp (L) and the height of the ramp (H). 2) Placed the motion sensor at the top of the ramp, directed toward the bottom. Released the cart from a position near the motion sensor. Obtained the position time graph of the cart as it rolled down the ramp away from the motion sensor. 3) Chose one point on the position-time graph near the end of the run. The position coordinate for this point represented the final position d2 and the reference point that was used to determine the height of the cart. This point did not change throughout the experiment. 4) The ramp itself formed a larger triangle and the displacement...
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...Write-Up for Lab 11.2: Popper Physics SCI121 Week 4 Notes: To figure out the average height for the table below, add up the three heights and divide by 3. To figure out the average time add the 4 time measurements and divide by 4. Table 1: Popper physics data Trial Number Maximum Height (m) 1 1.1 2 1.3 3 1.32 Average: 1.24 Trial Number Time in Air (s) 1 0.90 2 1.18 3 0.97 4 1.03 Average: 1.02 Questions: 1. What is the gravitational potential energy your popper has at its maximum height you measured? Use g = 9.8 m/s2, and a mass of 0.01 kg. Note: For question 1, use the equation for Potential Energy listed below; your potential energy is equal to 0.01 kg times 9.8 m/sec squared times the average height (in meters) The answer is in the units of joules. PE = mgh = PE mgh (0 .01 kg x 9 .8 m /s2 x 1 .24 m) PE 0 .12152 Joules 2. Use the following kinematics equation to calculate the initial velocity of the popper based on how long it is in the air: H = h0 + v0t – ½ gt2 where the final height h = 0 and initial height ho = 0 after the popper travels the total time up and down over your measured time t. Note: For question 2, use the equation initial velocity = ½ gt - this is how the equation rearranges when the two heights = zero. So, multiple ½ times 9.8 (the value for g) times your average time is seconds from Table 1. Your answer will be in m/sec) 3. Use this value for the initial velocity to find...
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...Write-Up for Lab 11.2: Popper Physics SCI121 Week 4 Notes: To figure out the average height for the table below, add up the three heights and divide by 3. To figure out the average time add the 4 time measurements and divide by 4. Table 1: Popper physics data |Trial Number |Maximum Height (m) | |1 |1.1 | |2 |1 .3 | |3 |1 .32 | |Average: |1 .24 | |Trial Number |Time in Air (s) | |1 |0 .90 | |2 |1 .18 | |3 |0 .97 | |4 |1 .03 | |Average: |1 .02 | Questions: 1. What is the gravitational potential energy your popper has at its maximum height you measured? Use g = 9.8 m/s2...
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...System and Breakdown of Marks: Continuous assessment: 50% - Theoretical Assessment (Tests/Quizzes/Case Studies) (30%) - Practical Assessment (Lab reports/Lab tests) (20%) Final Examination 9. 10. 50% Academic Staff Teaching Unit: Objective of Unit: The aims of this course are to enable students to: • appreciate the important role of physics in biology. • elucidate the basic principles in introductory physics enveloping mechanics, motion, properties of matter and heat. • resolve and interpret quantitative and qualitative problems in an analytical manner. • acquire an overall perspective of the inter-relationship between the various topics covered and their applications to the real world. • acquire laboratory skills including the proper handling and use of laboratory apparatus and materials. 11. Learning Outcome of Unit: At the end of the course, students will be able to: 1. Identify and practice the use of units and dimensional analysis, uncertainty significant figures and vectors analysis. 2. Apply and solve problems related to translational and rotational kinematics and dynamics in one and two dimensions. 3. Apply and solve problems related to the conservation of energy. 4. Identify and compare the state and properties of matter, and fluid mechanics with various related principles, and kinetic theory of gases. 5. Identify the difference in temperature scales and solve problems related to the concept of heat and heat transfer. 6. Carry...
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...5 Procedure……….…………………………………………………………..6 Results……………………………………………………………….…...7 - 11 Discussion……………………………………………………………….11, 12 Conclusion……………………………………………………………….…12 Reference…………………………………………………………………..12 Objective The objective of this experiment is to determine the moment of inertia of a flywheel and axle by experiment and compare it with the theoretical value. Introduction A flywheel is a heavy shaft-mounted rotating disc that absorbs and stores twisting or spinning motion and then releases it as rotational kinetic energy to provide motion to a stationary or nearly stationary object. [1] Flybrids (a variation of regular electromechanical hybrids) use a flywheel instead of a battery to store regenerative braking energy. This stored energy is used to initially propel (or assist the vehicle’s internal combustion engine) for powering and maintaining motion of the vehicle.[1] Application of a flywheel Flywheels can be used to store energy and used to produce very high electric power pulses for experiments, where drawing the power from the public electric network would produce unacceptable spikes. A small motor can accelerate the flywheel between the pulses [2].The phenomenon of precession has to be considered when using flywheels in moving vehicles. However in one modern application, a momentum wheel is a type of flywheel useful in satellite pointing operations, in which the flywheels are used to point the satellite's instruments in the correct directions...
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...Assignment: SCI103 Phase 5 Lab Report TITLE: Potential and Kinetic Energy INSTRUCTIONS: Enter the Virtual Lab and conduct the experiments provided. Please type your answers on this form. When your lab report is complete, submit it to the Submitted Assignments area of the Virtual Classroom. Part I – Answer the following questions while in the Phase 5 lab environment. Section 1 – From the left of the screen to the right, the red balls have a center of mass placed at 20 feet, 15 feet, and 10 feet high respectively. 1. Suppose each red ball weighs 20 lbs. Find the potential energy (PE) for each ball on each ramp. In this lab mass is given in pounds and height is in feet, so use 32.2 ft/sec2 as the gravitational constant. Your answer will be in foot-pounds since US units are being used. PE = m g h where g = 32.2 ft/sec2 Ramp 1: Potential energy is 541.21 Ramp 2: Potential energy is 406.21 Ramp 3: Potential energy is 271.10 2. Predict the maximum speed (velocity) of each ball on each ramp. How would this speed change if each ball’s mass was doubled? ASSUMPTION: assume there is no friction and that all the potential energy you calculated in question 1 is transformed into kinetic energy – PE = KE. Use the following equation. KE= ½ m v2 You want to calcu-late v maximum speed v = [KE/ ½ m]½ This means divide the KE by half the mass and then take the square root. Max v for 20 lb. ball Max v for 40 lb. ball Ramp 1 25.38 17...
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...Conservation of Momentum Partial Lab Report Results Summary Elastic Collision Initial Momentum = .414 N | Initial Momentum = 0 N | Initial Kinetic Energy = .084 J | Initial KE = 0 J | V1’ = .0596 m/s | V2’ = .462 m/s | Final Momentum = .061 N | Final Momentum = .354 N | Final KE = .00182 J | Final KE = 0.082 J | Inelastic Collision Initial Momentum = n/a | Initial Momentum = n/a | Initial Kinetic Energy = n/a | Initial KE = n/a | V1’ = n/a | V2’ = n/a | Final Momentum = n/a | Final Momentum = n/a | Final KE = n/a | Final KE = n/a | Discussion For the first part of our lab we were able to successfully show that both kinetic energy and momentum were conserved during the collision. As stated in the lab procedure, we kept one mass heavier than the other and made the heavier object collide with the lighter object at rest. Looking back, there wasn’t too much difference between the sizes of the mass. There was only a 300 gram difference in the system and that may have helped in keeping the collision elastic. The speed was recorded as .404 m/s and that also may have helped in causing the object at rest to bounce off the moving object. We were not able to complete the inelastic collision part of the lab because we were not able to make the objects stick together. We were not sure if the plane the objects were set on was level and this may have caused the objects to keep bouncing away from each other. We also kept the weight and velocity (roughly) the same...
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...In the 4-3 Lab, my group and I tossed a ball over a motion detector and recorded the measurements at five different points of the ball’s travel. Point A was at the beginning of its travel, right after it was thrown. Point B was about halfway up after the throw. Point C was at the highest point of the ball’s toss. Point D was at about the same height as point B, but was on the way down from Point C. Point E was right before I caught the ball at about the same height as point A, but on the way down from Point C. After calculating the three types of energy, Kinetic Energy, Gravitational Potential Energy, and Total Energy, for each point we noticed a few trends regarding the change in energy and the velocity the ball had during the toss. The first trend we noticed was that as ball’s velocity increases, GPE decreases and KE...
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...Write-Up for Lab 11.2: Popper Physics SCI121 Week 4 Notes: To figure out the average height for the table below, add up the three heights and divide by 3. To figure out the average time add the 4 time measurements and divide by 4. Table 1: Popper physics data |Trial Number |Maximum Height (m) | |1 |.2286m | |2 |.2032m | |3 |.2032m | |Average: |.4826m | |Trial Number |Time in Air (s) | |1 |.18s | |2 |.11s | |3 |.23s | |4 |.19s | |Average: |.5675s | Questions: 1. What is the gravitational potential energy your popper has at its maximum height you measured? Use g = 9.8 m/s2...
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