...was filmed in South Korea; I will compare the movie with my culture as an Americanized-Hispanic. Introduction Ethnocentrism can be defined as our point of view of another culture; basing our opinion by comparing it to our own culture. Depending on how one uses this categorization we can easily come to a conclusion which becomes more of a stereotype or racist judgment. The effects of ethnocentrism can be negative and affect others in their life in great multitudes. We can use the example from 9/11. Since then many Muslims have been judged and put into a category simply because of their religion; not everybody who is Muslim is also tied into al-Qaeda. Just because woman/man wear head gear also make them an extremist who is out to bomb something. But because of this tragedy, we have done just that, accused and damned their religion and beliefs; because they are not like us and well because of 9/11. “The Chaser” The movie I chose was “The Chaser”; a movie filmed in South Korea about an ex-detective turned pimp who finds himself in financial trouble because two of his girls disappeared. After sending his last girl, he finds out that the customer is also the last customer of the other two girls who just went missing; in his quest of finding the where about of those two other girls he unfolds the truth. This customer is a serial killer! The reason I chose this movie was first because it was filmed in South Korea, second because I...
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...Throughout the 19th century into the 20th century, the west started to have an increasingly great influence on the other parts of the world. Asia, in particular, was faced with the decision of whether to adopt and conform to the western ways or to reject and stick with their traditional ways of life. In the end, Asia adapted to ways of the western “devils”, but most of their efforts seemed unsuccessful while others were quite successful. The main countries that experienced the western influence were China, Korea and Japan. Although all three countries experienced their share of internal and external strife, China and Korea’s modernization efforts were, in comparison to Japan, unsuccessful. The reason for this was because Japan was able to fully utilize their resources and take advantage of the opportunities that they were presented with in Asia, whereas China and Korea were occupied with internal and external conflicts. Although China and Korea weren’t total failures, the Land of the Rising sun overshadowed them. China’s first experience with western imperialism is seen in the 1830’s when they had conflict with the spread of opium and the dwindling of silver within the country. China wished to stop both these events so when they confiscated supplies of opium from British traders, the British government used its newly developed military power to make their dissatisfaction known to the Chinese. This, along with other factors, led to the First Opium War (1839-1842). The result...
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...About Japan International Cooperation Center (JICE） About Japan International Cooperation Center (JICE） Japan International Cooperation Center (JICE) has been involved in various international cooperation activities mainly for developing countries since its establishment in 1977. JICE contributes to the development of not only developing countries but international community through the implementation of the activities for strengthening mutually beneficial partnership between foreign countries and Japan. Our main activities are the management of international training courses entrusted by ministries and agencies including Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), universities, local governments, public and private organizations, international organizations and foreign governments; youth exchange programmes; assistance for students from overseas; dispatching interpreters; Japanese language lessons; supporting conventions, seminars and projects, operation of supporting development education. Besides the staff of 194, JICE has 1080 specialists who are specialized in 31 languages and engage in formulation, investigation, research, implementation and evaluation of projects by using their accumulated experiences and knowledge. JICE, with our motto “Share knowledge and experience. For our world. For the future”, links “Japan’s technology, knowledge and experience” to the world and works on developing future leaders of each country through...
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...KOREAN LITERATURE Korean literature is the body of literature produced by Koreans, mostly in the Korean language and sometimes in Classical Chinese. For much of Korea's 1,500 years of literary history, it was written in Hanja. It is commonly divided into classical and modern periods, although this distinction is sometimes unclear. Korea is home to the world's first metal and copper type, world's earliest known printed document and the world's first featural script. ------------------------------------------------- General overview In general, the written arts have a tradition in epigraphic inscriptions on stones, in early tombs, and on rarely found bamboo pieces that formed early books. Repeated invasions and sacking of the east and west capitals, as well as the difficulty in preserving written texts on bamboo, make works before 1000 rare. Those works were entirely written in Chinese characters, the language of scholars, but of course incorporated Korean words and mindset. Medieval scholars in Korea learned and employed written Chinese as western schoolmen learned Latin: as a lingua franca for the region. It helped cultural exchanges extensively. Notable examples of historical records are very well documented from early times, and as well Korean books with movable type, often imperial encyclopedias or historical records, were circulated as early as the 7th century during the Three Kingdoms era from printing wood-blocks; and in the Goryeo era the world's first metal type...
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...Writ 1301 The Tears of Korean Comfort Women After Chosun (the former name of Korea) was invaded by Japan in 1910, Korean women were forcibly sent to Japan as comfort women: sex slaves of the Japanese military. ‘Comfort woman’ is a euphemism for a female sexual slave to the Japanese Imperial Army before and during World War II. The Japanese military recruited young and unmarried Asian women to join the military, then sent them to brothels in China and other Asian and Pacific countries in order to “comfort” Japanese soldiers. One of the few surviving Korean comfort women, Soon-duk Kim, gave the following testimony to Sangmie Choi Schellstede, the editor of the book, Comfort Women Speak: Testimony by Sex Slaves of the Japanese Military: “I was promised a job as a military nurse…[however, the Japan military took us to] a ruined village of Shanghai. Rooms were divided into tiny cubicles. Each of our fifty girls was divided to one of these cubicles. Now this house became a brothel, and we were sex slaves in it” (38). Kim was wounded due to numerous rape. She explained about the horrible remedy she received: “One day our manager gave me packets of black powder to take once a day…[But] after I used it several times, he then told me the powder was made from a leg of a Chinese soldier’s corpse” (38). This experience is not limited to Kim. Approximately 200,000 Korean women suffered as sex slaves of Japan’s military system before and during the World War II. Today, however, not many...
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...Business Comm. Business in other Countries When working in the global commercial environment, you need to consider the cultural mandates of each country in which you do business, and you will also need to ensure you obey both local and international laws. Knowledge of the impact of cultural differences is one of the keys to international business success. Improving levels of cultural awareness can help companies build international competencies and enable individuals to become more globally sensitive to the social norms of different countries. Cultures vary widely from country to country, and what might seem polite in the United States can be rude and unprofessional in another location. In some countries, for example, in China you'll be expected to dress very formally and be highly direct. In others, however, small talk, getting to know your client and frequent informal business meetings are the norm. Doing business always involves meeting and greeting people. In China, meetings start with the shaking of hands and a slight nod of the head. Usually clients aren’t overly vigorous when shaking hands, the Chinese may interpret this as aggressive. The Chinese are not keen on physical contact, the only circumstance in which it may take place is when a host is guiding a guest. Even then contact will only be made by holding a cuff or sleeve. Also, it is not wise to slap, pat, or put your arm around someone's shoulders. The giving of gifts does not carry any negative connotations...
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...China and Japan shared many differences in their late years. The differences between late China and Japan I will discuss are their gardens, ceramics, and painting: Gardens: China utilized the practice of cultivating man made and designed gardens that took on the appearance of a naturally occurring garden/landscape. Meanwhile the Japanese utilized Zen Gardens which were often big yards that contained sand a few large rocks instead of the usual grass and trees. The Chinese gardens were to obtain the fully natural beauty of nature in an unnatural place, while the Japanese Zen gardens were to aid in the Japanese practice of Zen Buddhism through repetitive meditative work. Ceramics: The Chinese and Japanese also had differences in their sculpting....
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...Japan went through a period of national isolation from the outside world (the “sakoku” period) during the late 1600s. The Tokugawa rulers wanted cultural particularism and they could achieve this by having no contacts abroad, so that Japan could engage in introspection. During the Tokugawa period, knowledge of other countries was rather restricted, but toward the end of this period there were few Japanese who speculated where Japan stood in relation to the West. The general population, however, was ignorant to the significance of other better nations existing and expressed little interest concerning the West. Hirata Atsutane, for example, thought he was certain of Japan’s superiority because of the fact that the sun first shines on Japan each morning. Another example of comparing Japan to the rest of the world in the nineteenth century is in the writings of Aizawa Seishisai, an influential thinker of the Mito school: “The earth in the firmament appears to be perfectly round, without edges or corners…As for the land amidst the seas which the Western barbarians call America, it occupies the hindmost region of the earth; thus, its people are stupid and simple, and are incapable of doing things” (596). It goes without saying that the Japanese viewed the US in a very arrogant manner. They considered the US as inferior compared to them, and for this reason the Japanese wanted nothing to do with them. There was a fear that with the merging of two nations as allies, the West would send...
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...The origin of the Japanese people is controversial with various theories and hypotheses. However, based on the result of genotypic analysis by The Graduate University for Advanced Studies in 2012, proto-Japanese is considered as an admixture of Jomon people and Yayoi people. When looking back over the Japanese history, the proto-Mongoloid in the Japanese archipelago during the Jomon period is called Jomon people, and Yayoi people is the one migrated from southern China. Around the fourth glacial age, also known as Ulm glacial age, the ice sheet covered most of continents in the north hemisphere, and the sea level was about 120m lower than today. The Japan sea and the East China sea then could be crossed by foot. While proto-Mongoloid in the Japanese archipelago migrated southbound with mammoths from Northeast Asia, proto-Mongoloid in southern China migrated northbound with Naumann’s elephant. Finally, they met in the central area. These two branches of proto-Mongoloid have been separated by the Japanese Alps for a long time, but then mixed up after lived together. The interbreeding is known as proto-Japanese during 5000 B.C. or Jomon period. (Shiba, 2008) Then, how they came to Japan? There are three potential origins of the Japanese people the Okinawa route, the Hokkaido route, and the Tsushima route. (or the marine route, the north route, and the south route) Southern Proto-Mongoloid traveled northbound from Taiwan to Ryukyu Islands is thought as the first route. The Hokkaido...
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...people greet each other in other countries can be different than how we greet each other in the United States. In Australia, when meeting someone for the first time, it is usual to shake hands your right hand and the right hand of the person you are meeting. And when you first meet someone, it is polite to look the person in the eyes, but be careful not to stare. In India, the traditional way of greeting is performed by holding your palms together, as in praying and saying ‘Namaste’ or ‘Namaskar’, with a slight bow. In Japan, the Japanese bow or even handshake to greet one another. How long you bow determines the relationship between you and the other individual. When bowing, keep your eyes low, and palms flat to your thighs. In Korea, a bow is traditional and accompanied by a handshake among men. Korean women usually nod slightly, but not shake hands with Western Men. Western women may offer their hand to a Korean man. People from the Netherlands shake hands most often and state their name when hey first meet. They also shake hands again when leaving. Spaniards tend to shake hands with everyone present when first meeting and also when leaving. Men may embrace one another when meeting and women may kiss each other on the cheek and embrace. Asia is a country where distance is more expected when greeting someone. In such countries as France, Paris, Europe, the Netherlands, and Italy, it is appropriate to greet others with a...
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...ssignGroup Project Oral Presentation 10% of the Total Mark (5% Oral Presentation Skills, 5% Content) Your company, headquartered in South Korea, is considering making a major FDI in Ghana. This planned acquisition will be your company’s first investment in Ghana. Despite the exciting potential investment, there are some concerns in the company regarding differing financial systems, potential agency problems, and political risks present in Ghana. Your group is tasked with answering the following questions in a 15-18 minute (3 minutes per group member) presentation in your week 11 or week 12 tutorials (each group member must present 3 minutes): 1. What are the primary mechanisms of corporate governance in South Korea? Are they required by legal mandate or adopted at the discretion of the company? 2. What are the primary mechanisms of corporate governance in Ghana? Are they required by legal mandate or adopted at the discretion of the company? 3. How would you compare the effectiveness of these mechanisms? Would it be possible to use some of the mechanisms of South Korea in Ghana? 4. Given the exchange rate systems of both countries, what type of exchange risk would this investment face? How would you recommend hedging this risk? 5. How would you compare the financial development of both countries? What issues may these differences cause? Written Assignment 10% of the Total Mark (5% Written Communication Skills, 5% Content) As part...
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...1) Walmart has already shown the ability to translate its merchandising strategies to other countries successfully. Mexico is a perfect example. This, however, takes time to do. They learned that in order to succeed initially they need to make adjustments to their merchandising strategies to fit the culture of the country they are in. Once they have done so, they can educate consumers about the benefits of the American merchandising culture. Some countries will not be willing to change their culture. But if Walmart continues to approach change the way they have they will continue to find success in countries willing to open up to change. 2) Walmart was successful in Mexico because it adapted to the Mexican culture and over time introduced them to the benefits of the American culture. When they first opened and tried to operate the American way without understanding the Mexican culture they quickly realized that when international businesses are ill-informed about the practices of another culture they are likely to fail. (1) They had to play by the Mexican rules if they wanted to succeed. International businesses need to consider employing local citizens to help them do business in a particular culture. (2) They hired managers who were familiar with the Mexican culture and allowed them to control the merchandising. This was extremely beneficial to their success. They learned that smaller stores within walking distance and changing the things they offered that best...
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...because of their competent, for example, Leslie Cheung Kowk Wing. He was not only popular in Hong Kong, but also in Asia and the world. Leslie Cheung was the first foreign artist to hold 16 concerts and got the best artist in Japan. Also, he was the record holder as the best-selling C-pop artist in Korea. His record had not broken by others. However, it changes, the idols in Hong Kong are not popular as than the Japanese and Korean idol nowadays. In can be seen from the charts 2.1that the about half of our interviewees like to listen the Korean music. 36% of them like the Japanese music. But only 16% of them like Canton pop. In addition, there are only 11 of interviewees, their idols is from Hong Kong. However, compare to Japan and Korea, there are around 39 of interviewees’ idols from Japan and Korea (Figure 2.2). The most interviewees said the reason why they like Japanese idols and Korean idols more Hong Kong idols is that they were multifaceted development (Figure 2.3). Most of idols from Japan or Korea, they are not just only well in singing, but also well in dancing, drama, films and host. For instance, Arashi and Super Junior are the popular idol group from Japan and Korea. However, look back to Hong Kong idols nowadays, the idols seldom doing the music, film, drama and host at the same time. They just only having one talent, this is not enough to attract fans and satisfy their demand nowadays. The second is idols’ image. Most of Korean and Japanese idol are quite healthy...
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...Wal-Mart was successful in Mexico? I think Wal-Mart was successful in Mexico because they hired local managers that were very well versed in the Mexican Culture and they allowed them to control the merchandising strategy as they saw it. After reading this case study I learned that adaption is the key to survival in different environments and economies. Since there are very few vehicles in Mexico transportation is slim, so by building smaller, closer stores was another huge benefit of it being successful in Mexico. 3. Why do you think Wal-Mart failed in South Korea and Germany? What are the differences between these countries and Mexico? When Wal-Mart made steps to expand to South Korea and Germany with very little success, there was realization made in regards to diversity and what Wal-Mart originally offered. Wal-Marts low price strategy is reasonless in a place where paying more is accepted. Britain, South Korea and Germany cultures have a preference of high end and high-quality merchandise than...
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...1. Do you think Walmart could translate its merchandising strategy wholesale to an other country and succeed? I do think Wal-Mart could translate its merchandising strategy to another country, but it would depend on the country. While Walmart might be able to successfully operate in some countries, it might fail in some. For instance, Wal-Mart translated its merchandising strategy whole sale to both Mexico and China and succeeded and yet they failed in South Korea and Germany. To succeed in a certain country, Walmart needs to understand the country’s culture, their customer’s purchasing habits and preferences as well as do some research on their competitors in that country before they enter into a new market. Without taking all these into consideration and adjusting their strategy to the particular market, Walmart could fail in that country. 2.Why do you think Walmart was successful in Mexico? When Walmart hit some headwinds in Mexico, they quickly discovered the differences between shoppers in Mexico and the US which is why WalMart adjusted its strategy to meet the country’s local conditions, first by hiring local managers who understood Mexican culture, and then letting those managers control merchandising strategy, building smaller stores that people could walk to, and offering more fresh produce. At the same time, the company believed that it could gradually change the shopping culture in Mexico, educating consumers by showing them the benefits of its American merchandising...
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