...Whenever I hear the word respiration I think of the word ‘respire’. Respire is breathing, us, as humans we need to breathe. Every time we breathe we take in oxygen and we exhale carbon dioxide. In this lab the topic was about cellular respiration. The lab is to investigate fermentation in respiration. Cellular respiration is a process an organism goes through to obtain energy, ATP [adenosine triphosphate]. Oxygen is then reacted with glucose which results in water, carbon dioxide and ATP. Every organism goes through some type of respiration but only animal cells undergo cellular respiration. For this lab we came up with a question, what environmental conditions are optimum for alcoholic fermentation? What temperature ranges? Our hypothesis was, higher temperature will accelerate the production of carbon dioxide between honey and yeast....
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...Cellular Respiration Ben Gipson BIO 1400 Exercise 6.1 Alcoholic fermentation is a metabolic pathway used primarily by yeast and some bacteria. In fermentation, glucose is broken down into ethyl alcohol (ethanol) and carbon dioxide. In the process, some of the energy that had been stored in the glucose bonds is used to form high energy bonds in ATP. Name some factors that affect enzyme activity. Temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration Materials: yeast, test tubes, beakers, rubber stoppers, wax pencil, water, corn syrup Procedure: 1. You will need to have three fermentation setups, so you should have six large test tubes, three pieces of plastic tubing that have been inserted into rubber stoppers, and three beakers (400 or 600 mL). Using a wax pencil, label three of the test tubes 1, 2, and 3 and set them aside. Assemble the setups one at a time following steps 2-7. 2. Fill a tub or sink with hot water. 3. Insert the end of the plastic tubing into one of the test tubes. This tube will be the CO2 collection tube. Submerge the collection tube and plastic tubing in the tub of hot water. 4. Submerge the beaker. Place the collection tube in the beaker in an inverted position. 5. Bring the beaker out of the water. One end of the plastic tubing should still be inserted in the collection tube. Hold up the other end of the tubing (the one with the rubber stopper on it) so that the water won’t be siphoned out. Setting up the CO2 collection...
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...Cellular respiration is where stored energy is extracted from food, specifically glucose, through a process of metabolic reactions. This process begins in the cytoplasm with glycolysis, which breaks down 1 molecule of glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvate. Next, it goes to pyruvate oxidation (occurs in the mitochondrial matrix) where it takes the 2 pyruvates and oxidizes it to make the products of 2 acetyl CoA, 2 molecules of CO₂, and 2 NADH. Then it continues onto the citric acid cycle which goes through a series of catalyzing enzyme reactions and since there are 2 pyruvates, the total products are 4 CO₂, 6 NADH, 2 FADH₂, and 2 ATP. Finally, in the inner membrane of the mitochondria, the electrons from NADH and FADH₂ is utilized in the electron transport chain (ETC). The 3 transmembrane proteins in ETC are used as hydrogen pumps while the 2 carrier molecules allow transporting of electrons between hydrogen pumps. Also, oxygen ends up being the final electron acceptor in this process. Eventually, the hydrogen ions flow down their...
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...Scientific Report Name: Joh Sturdy Title: To investigate the effect of exercise on breathing. Aim: The aim of this experiment is to find out the effect of exercise on the respiratory system Introduction: During exercise, our muscle cells respire more than when we are resting. Exercise is carried out by increasing the respiration rate and the heart rate. (BBC Bitesize 2014) Exercise occurs when the muscles contract and relax which create movement. Energy for cells is created in the mitochondria of every cell, through the process of cellular respiration (Glucose + Oxygen -----> Carbon Dioxide + Water + ENERGY). The Mitochondria is known as the "powerhouse" of all cells and they act like...
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...Student Sheet Name: AMALISE CUBERO Instructor’s Name: Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 1 Lab Report Title: Understanding the Scientific Method: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Instructions: Based on the virtual experiment, you will answer some questions and write a 1-page lab report using the scientific method. When your lab report is complete, submit this document to your instructor in your assignment box. Using what you learned on the lab animation, answer the following questions: • Define a hypothesis that is suggested by the data that are collected in the lab. It was predicted that the intensity of light exposure that was given to the Pacific Ocean’s Seaweed, will increase the rate of photosynthesis however none the less but at a specific moment of exposure it will not yield to a quicker process. The goal is to figure out what moment in time this would be and if this is a repeatable conducive. • What effect does the intensity of light have on the rate of photosynthesis (measured as the number of oxygen bubbles)? • The Hypotheses given in the lab shows the increase in light concentration, an accelerated photosynthesis process went on with the 0-watts to 100-watts. The average number of bubbles in the 0 watt study was 2 bubbles in 1 hour. After the increase of a 25 watts had went up to 5 bubbles in the 1hour. With the increase of another 25 watts equaling to 50 watts now the number of bubbles increased once again to 11 bubbles...
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...Course: Bio 102 Instructor: Marina Yoffe Assignment: Lab report (Introduction and discussion) Introduction The way in which different organisms acquire oxygen in exchange for carbon dioxide has truly evolved. The exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen is essential for the survival of organisms that need to produce the energy molecule ATP through the process of cellular respiration. Respiration (breathing) is the way organisms exchange gases with their environment (White and Campo 2004). During cellular respiration organisms break down energy rich macromolecules such as starch to make ATP in a chemical reaction where oxygen and water is involved (Ege R. and A. Krogh 1914).The use of oxygen is very important; therefore the efficient acquisition of oxygen is very necessary for an animal’s survival. Depending on what type of organism is involved, our sources of oxygen are different and occur through diffusion. Terrestrial animals obtain oxygen through the air while organisms living in water depend on the oxygen from the water. Unlike terrestrial animals, the amount of oxygen for animals living in water is limited based on the amount of oxygen that has dissolved in the water. Since an adequate amount of oxygen is necessary, animals developed respiratory organs to help them ventilate and obtain as much oxygen from their respected sources as possible (W.C and R. Oesting 1934). One organism that has developed an efficient way of acquiring oxygen is fish. Fish use a counter-current exchange...
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...Cellular Respiration Lab Report Purpose The purpose of this lab was to find out which substance, molasses, sucrose, or the items of choice. This experiment was done to help the students understand which substance the yeast could perform cellular respiration in and why it could depending on it’s structure and bonds. From this experiment students should be able to better understand cellular respiration and why it occurs, like how it happens and how the organism benefits from cellular respiration. Also it should be understood what substances cellular respiration occurs on more easily and which substances take longer, and why that is because of what they are composed of. Hypotheses For this experiment there were two substances to be brought in and experimented with, substances that were tried were pure honey and water. 1). 50 ml of pure honey will produce 10 cm of carbon dioxide. 2). 25 ml of pure honey diluted with 25 ml of water will produce 7 cm of carbon dioxide. Introduction There are two processes to remove energy, that is aerobic and anaerobic. Anaerobic is the process of fermentation and requires no oxygen. Aerobic is cellular respiration and requires oxygen. Going further into aerobic is the process of cellular respiration is the process which energy is removed in the form of ATP, this process requires oxygen and a food source. All Oxygen using organisms perform cellular respiration. There are 3 major steps to cellular respiration: 1). Glycolysis- It...
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...Jamie Morris Biology 101 Dr. Siddiqui April 13, 2016 Cellular Respiration Lab Report Cells can’t grow, reproduce, maintain order or transport materials without a steady source of energy. In most organisms, the energy is provided by adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In order to for these cells to reach their energy demands they must constantly produce ATP. In this lab, we will observe evidence for respiration in mealworms and investigate the effects of different temperatures and experimental variables such as caffeine, nicotine and DEET. The background information includes using nicotine and caffeine, which act lie insecticides. It also found in the soil of these plants. In humans it not only stimulants the central nervous system but increases our heart rate, blood pressure and makes us more alert. Ethanol comes from plants sugars and found in beer, wine and liquor. When humans drink too much they become impaired and their thought process in slowed down. Temperature is also an important factor for all living things environment. Improper temperature can affect interactions between enzyme and its substrate. DEET is a topical insect repellent. It locks insect’s sense of smell. Hypothesis Respiration rate will increase or decrease depending on the temperature Materials and Equipment 12 Beetle larvae Pasco Xplorer portable data logger nicotine ethanol DEET AC power Adapter for data logger forceps caffeine cotton balls Pasco C02 sensor ...
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...Yeast Culture Lab BIO/315 April 22, 2014 Annissa Furr Yeast Lab Yeast, is a microscopic one celled organism that belongs to the group of organisms that is called fungi. They are single celled organisms that have a scientific name of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast can have many purposes but the main purpose of yeast is to help the fermentation process. Yeast is a living organism known as a fungus and it gets its energy source from sugar. Yeast can also be used in creating certain medical intentions that heal wounds and reduce inflammation because of the large amount of hormones and enzymes. In reference to yeast reproduction depends on the type of species because they can be either asexual by mitosis or sexual by budding. Consumption talked about the use and rate of use of a primary consumer that needs photosynthesis in order to create energy from CO2. Death is in reference to a population and refers to the toll of death in a population. Hypothesis This labs main objective is to test cultures referring to yeast. The hypothesis is that the yeast will grow in all the environments that it is placed in but it will thrive in the environment that has sugar that is because yeast uses sugar as an energy sources naturally which will make the yeast generate more. The yeast could be identical in all the environments but most likely the situation will be that the yeast grows rapidly in the sugar. This hypothesis needs to be tested and in order to do that their...
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...Yeast Culture Lab Introduction Yeast is a one-celled, microscopic organism, which is part of the fungi kingdom. Yeasts do not make up a single group (Smith & Smith, 2012). Yeasts use organic material as a means of making energy, which make them chemoorganotrophs (Smith & Smith, 2012). Carbon is procured primarily from hexose sugars, such as fructose and glucose. Yeast need either oxygen for aerobic cellular respiration or for species that are anaerobic, but also have aerobic methods creating energy (Smith & Smith, 2012). There are no species of yeast species that are known to grow only anaerobically. Yeasts thrive in an environment with a slightly acidic (Smith & Smith, 2012). The reproductive cycle of yeasts can be either asexual or sexual depending on the species. The most widely seen method of growth in yeast is asexual reproduction referred to as budding (Smith & Smith, 2012). Reproduction in reference to yeast depends on the species; the species can be both asexual by mitosis and sexual by budding (Smith & Smith, 2012). Consumption refers to use and the rate of use of something such as how a consumer, such as a primary consumer like a tree would use photosynthesis to make energy from carbon dioxide. Death in reference to a population is referring to the rate of death in that population (Smith & Smith, 2012). Hypothesis The primary goal of the yeast culture lab is to test a theory involving samples of yeast cultures grown...
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...This will refresh the students on what we covered the day before as well as give me a good understanding of where they are with the material. The Kahoot will also refresh the students on what they should have learned from the homework/classwork assignment. Following the Kahoot we will as a class perform an O2CO2 skit engaging the students and helping them see the actual processes involved in respiration first hand. (Reference Appendix D) Day three will be concluded with an exit ticket asking,“What is the primary goal of our respiratory system?”. (Reference Appendix E) Day four students will conduct a lab that will allow the students to learn the process of respiration from a comprehensive approach. Allowing the students to discover the functionality of the respiratory system will aid in the retention of the material we have been covering thus far in the unit. Students will complete the “Ins and Outs of Respiration” lab. The objective of this lab is, “Students will determine their respiratory rate and explore the factors that affect their breathing rate”(Science Museum of Minnesota). (Reference Appendix...
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...Studies VII Practical 9 Cell Biology Studies IX Practical 10 Cell Biology Studies X - Experiment Description Page Writing of Lab Reports Identification of Biomolecules 5 13 Identification of Unknown Carbohydrate Solutions and Investigation of Action of Saliva and HCl in Carbohydrate Solution at Two Different Temperatures Investigation of the Effects of Catalase Concentration on Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition 20 Synthesis of Starch Using an Enzyme Extracted from Potato Tuber Investigation of the Effects of Different Catalytic Conditions on Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Microscopy 27 Practical 6 Cell studies II Practical 7 Cell studies III Extraction of Cell Organelles by Cell Fractionation Determination of Solute Potential of Potato Cell Sap 47 Practical 8 Cell studies IV Effects of Different Treatments on Stained Potato Cells 64 Practical 9 Energetics I Respiration of Germinating Beans 67 Microscopic Examination of Cells at Various Stages of Plant Mitosis and Meiosis DNA, Mitosis and Meiosis Modelling 71 Respiration of Yeast 93 Practical 3 Enzyme studies I (Experiment 1) Optional: Practical 3 Enzyme studies I (Experiment 2) Practical 4 Enzyme studies II Practical 5 Cell studies I - - Practical 10 Energetics II Lab manual version 6_201505 FHSB1214 Biology I & FHSC1214 Fundamentals of Cell...
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...The Effect of Different Types of Sugar on Respiration in Yeast INTRODUCTION: Yeast is living bacteria that uses in baking to make dough rise through the process of fermentation. For fermentation to occur yeast requires fuel in the form of sugar. The yeast reaction varies depending upon the type of sugar use. AIM: To determine the effect of different types of sugar (Maltose, Lactose and Glucose) have on the respiration rate of yeast. HYPOTHESIS If the type of sugar changed (Maltose, Lactose and Glucose), the amount of carbon dioxide created (bubbles) will then increase because sugar needed for respiration to occur. But, I think Maltose + Yeast will produce more bubbles than other two types of sugar because maltose is the largest sugar in all types of sugar which I am going to do on. Glucose will come into a second place and the least will be Lactose. VARIABLES * INDEPENDENT VARIABLE The independent is type of sugar. I will change it by putting different types of sugar into the water which the yeast would be placed in. * DEPENTDENT VARIABLE The dependent is the amount of bubbles collected from the over a certain amount of time. Rate = CO2/Time * CONTROL VARIABLE 1. Amount of yeast(5 grams) 2. Temperature (50C) 3. Amount of time (1 minute) 4. Amount of sugar (100ml) 5. Concentration (5%) MATERIALS: -Yeast (5 grams) -Sugar (Maltose, Lactose and Glucose 100ml each) -Hot water (50C) -Water bath -Beaker (2) -Delivery Tube -Tissue ...
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...Group Members:Edna Rodriguez, Bryce Bash, Alex Chick, Kang Park, Rose Date: 4/3/14 LI Jonathan Turner Unique 49190 Day: Thursday Room: 1.24 Lab Start Time 1:30pm Exercise 10 Lab Report Adhere to UT’s Honor Code and course policies. Answer group questions individually first before compiling them into one consensus group response. Individual questions are to be answered independently. Balance between brevity and completeness. Show your work for all calculations and be sure to include proper units where necessary. Any secondary resources need to be cited. One printed report is to be submitted at the START of your next laboratory period as well as a digital pdf version uploaded to Canvas. GROUP QUESTIONS 1. List the functions of the following external structures: (3 pts.) (a.) Chelapeds: large walking appendages of a crayfish; appendages allow the crayfish to grasp and tear food, and also defend itself (b.) Walking legs: the 4 pairs of appendages used to locomote in the crayfish, they are equipped with gills which allows for gas exchange (taking in oxygen, releasing carbon dioxide) (c:.) Maxillapeds: an appendage modified for feeding: holding food, touching and tasting (d.) Cephalothorax: the first segment of a crayfish, consisting of a head fused to the thorax (e.) Genital pore: location of where sperm or eggs are released (f.) Nephridiopore: Part of the excretory system for removing nitrogenous waste. (g.) Abdomen: the multi-segmented posterior region of the crayfish used...
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...Studies VII Practical 9 Cell Biology Studies IX Practical 10 Cell Biology Studies X - Experiment Description Page Writing of Lab Reports Identification of Biomolecules 5 13 Identification of Unknown Carbohydrate Solutions and Investigation of Action of Saliva and HCl in Carbohydrate Solution at Two Different Temperatures Investigation of the Effects of Catalase Concentration on Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition 20 Synthesis of Starch Using an Enzyme Extracted from Potato Tuber Investigation of the Effects of Different Catalytic Conditions on Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Microscopy 27 Practical 6 Cell studies II Practical 7 Cell studies III Extraction of Cell Organelles by Cell Fractionation Determination of Solute Potential of Potato Cell Sap 47 Practical 8 Cell studies IV Effects of Different Treatments on Stained Potato Cells 64 Practical 9 Energetics I Respiration of Germinating Beans 67 Microscopic Examination of Cells at Various Stages of Plant Mitosis and Meiosis DNA, Mitosis and Meiosis Modelling 71 Respiration of Yeast 93 Practical 3 Enzyme studies I (Experiment 1) Optional: Practical 3 Enzyme studies I (Experiment 2) Practical 4 Enzyme studies II Practical 5 Cell studies I - - Practical 10 Energetics II Lab manual version 6_201505 FHSB1214 Biology I & FHSC1214 Fundamentals of Cell...
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