...describe women’s childbirth experience using pain management methods. By obtaining this information, nursing care for the pregnant patient can be improved. Epidurals have become popular over the years, and although they provide effective pain relief, they can cause complications and may not always result in a satisfactory childbirth experience (Hidaka & Callister, 2012). In many cases, pain management education is lacking or provided during labor, which is not an ideal learning environment, and may create a feeling of ambivalence (Hidaka & Callister, 2012). Nurses can improve their plan of care, for the pregnant patient, by understanding the experiences women had after receiving an epidural. A qualitative study, “Giving Birth With Epidural Analgesia: The Experience of First-Time Mothers”, was conducted to understand the childbirth experience in women who received epidurals. A thorough examination of the problem, purpose, literature and framework used is warranted to improve the clinical practice of nurses. Problem Statement The qualitative study, “Giving Birth With Epidural Analgesia: The Experience of First-Time Mothers” needed to be conducted because previous research on childbirth experiences fail to include childbirth satisfaction in regards to pain management (Hidaka & Callister, 2012). The significance of this study is that, “nurses and childbirth educators have an important influence over women's decisions about childbirth with the provision of education that allows...
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...Natural Childbirth or Medical Intervention 1 A Choice Between Natural Childbirth or Medical Intervention BUSN 410 A Choice Between Natural Childbirth or Medical Intervention 2 INTRODUCTION Since the beginning of time, women have bravely conquered one of the most difficult jobs on the planet. That job is giving birth. Known to be exhausting, demanding, and painful both physically and mentally, it has been no easy task. Yet, they do it admirably time and time again. Given how demanding pregnancy and birth is on the body and mind, it should come as no surprise that medicine has come a long way in making pregnancy easier, quicker, and less painful. Many women have found these methods to be a wonderful way to give birth. Spinal epidurals are used for pain relief, while cesarean sections to get the baby out quick and (generally) painless barring any complications. These have saved many women tremendous amounts of pain, and have saved the lives of many babies and mothers due to complications in natural birth. It should be no wonder, though, that there are those on each side of the argument, whether to give birth naturally or with medical intervention, making an argument as to why their method is the best. Both methods do have their particular advantages and disadvantages. The question remains, who is right? Is anyone right? Can there be a middle ground? There are several questions that arise when asking the question, which is why I will be breaking down both sides of the...
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...KING’S THEORY OF GOAL ATTAINMENT EXEMPLIFIED FROM THE INTRAPARTUM NURSE’S PERSPECTIVE By Jacqueline L. Karlin The model of nurse-patient transaction from King’s Theory of Goal Attainment was employed to explore the impact of the nurse-patient transaction as it relates to primiparous patient satisfaction with the childbirth process. In this descriptive study, intrapartum nurses were interviewed regarding their perception of primiparous patient’s childbirth experience. The interviews were reflected upon to develop a better understanding of the impact of the nurse-patient transaction on achieving patient satisfaction with coping strategies. The findings revealed that although only one-half of the patients had participated in formal childbirth classes, effective nurse-patient transactions were successful in goal attainment of satisfaction with coping strategies in labor and delivery. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... iii CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................1 CHAPTER 2 – THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND LITERATURE REVIEW ..........3 Personal System ..............................................................................................................3 Interpersonal System .......................................................................................................5 Social System...
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...MBA 5101 Unit 1 Case Study Gary Campbell Our text defines a tort as “a civil wrong” and negligence as “a tort, a civil or personal wrong” (Pozgar, 2012). Negligence as it is related to healthcare is an unintentional commission or omission of an act that a reasonably prudent person or organization would or would not do under normal circumstances. Not following a recognized standard of care could be considered negligence. The case I have chosen to study is one from the Circuit Court of Baltimore City Maryland and is that of Enso Martinez a minor by and through his parent (Rebecca Fielding) vs The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore Maryland July 2013. I would describe this as a landmark, “David vs Goliath” case involving medical negligence in the form of nonfeasance and malpractice. Reckless and willfulness disregard for safety is called criminal negligence and is often considered a form of gross negligence, a more serious tort (Pozgar, 2012). The question in my mind throughout the read was; “did the conduct of the provider and the hospital constitute criminal negligence”? The jury’s verdict and plaintiff’s award seemed to suggest yes. As a health professional, while I might agree with the Jury’s decision, I’m not so sure I agree with the size of the award. Did Johns Hopkins Hospital (the Hospital), negligently fail to perform a timely Caesarean section, causing Martinez to suffer from cerebral palsy, retardation, and other disorders. The following are...
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...Concept Analysis Assignment Grand Canyon University Theoretical Foundations for Nursing Roles and Practice NUR 502 Ms. Maria Mendez June 13, 2013 Concept Analysis Assignment Today’s nursing profession encompasses a variety of specialties and disciplines that demonstrate a wide range of phenomena. According to McEwin and Willis, in clinical practice, those phenomenon that are frequently seen aid advanced practice nurses in developing interventions and clinical protocols because they are said to be stable and reliable components of the practical nursing experience (McEwin & Willis, 2011, p. 47). The observed phenomena may or may not have had research studies associated with them in the past to concretely define them, and therefore the notion of concept development and analysis arose to clarify the meanings of the phenomena encountered in one’s practical setting. McEwin and Ellis define concepts as “terms that refer to phenomena that occur in nature and thought” (McEwin & Willis, 2011, p. 47). Furthermore, concepts can be concrete, nonconcrete, variable, and non-variable in manner and described in words or phrases. Concept analysis is utilized to clarify vague concepts in nursing that may be overused and unclear and also to promote a mutual understanding amongst colleagues (Falan, 2010). For the purpose of this assignment, an article found in the Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences regarding the concept of abuse in healthcare was selected for concept analysis...
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...planning to start a family, but more often women than men. This raises many questions about causal relationship between MS and pregnancy. Although, many years ago, women with multiple sclerosis are advised to avoid pregnancy that their condition would not worsened, but today we access different insights. Studies conducted over the past few decades have shown that the symptoms of multiple sclerosis can be alleviated or even disappear during pregnancy. The analysis of works that report about 13 144 women with MS revealed the following data: * MS has no effect on pregnancy. * No increase in negative symptoms nor for mother nor for the child. * Woman with MS can expect a normal pregnancy and normal delivery. For all these reasons, women with MS, especially those with mild neurological deficits, should be encouraged to become pregnant as soon as possible due to the progressive flow of the disease. It is important to break down some of the prejudices that exist and women provide the necessary information: 1. Does MS affect on the fertility of women? 2. Does MS affect on pregnancy and the baby's health? 3. Is it possible to apply spinal or epidural anesthesia during childbirth? 4. Is it recommended breastfeeding and is it safe? 5. Does pregnancy affect on the MS during pregnancy and after childbirth? 6. How to treat MS during pregnancy and breastfeeding? 7. Is there a risk that child inherits this disease? Multiple sclerosis does not...
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...room to support their partner and witness the birth of their child. When a woman gives birth without the help of surgical or medical helped it is called natural childbirth. Many women chose to give birth this way and they do this to feel more in tune or at ease with the natural way. Just because a woman may give birth naturally it does not necessarily mean that they are not in a hospital or under the supervision of a medical professional. Any woman that chooses to go the natural childbirth route can choose where they give birth and what doctor they choose to be there for the event. Another positive is that a natural childbirth can allow the mother to be in control of every aspect of the labor and delivery. There are many women that gain such a high level of accomplishment as they labor through the pains of childbirth without any help. Natural childbirth also allows a woman to be fully aware of the process by staying alert. I feel that some women are very capable of laboring through the difficulty of contractions while others have a low tolerance for pain. It does not make women more or...
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...Increasing Rate of Cesarean Sections Humanity has been around for thousands of years and humans like most animals have existed due to the sexual reproduction of offspring. Women have been the mothers and birth givers since the beginning of time. They go through all the stressful acts of growth, hormones, and labor to give life to a beautiful innocent child that has been forming inside the womb for nine months. The child develops and matures through each trimester because the mother listens to her body, which is the most advanced technology that determines when to eat, nurture, and deciphers complications. The sexual reproduction process has always been the same for all women without change. However, the process and methods used during the delivery process have been studied, scrutinized, and practiced with the same goal in mind, a healthy mother and baby. Most methods of delivery have derived from midwife and doctor ideology being the foundation of the chosen method. During the medieval era, estimated infant death rate was near a staggering 30%. Death came in many guises for infants with most of those coming from bacteria and disease. During this era most births were performed by women because it was uncommon for a man to be involved in a womanly act. Therefore, the creation of a midwife was developed and they became the experts on birth. A popular delivery practice was to tie the woman down to prevent them from moving. To give and understanding on how new medicine...
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...common for women to marry at a young age, and the ability to have many children is highly valued. It is estimated that the maternal mortality rate is 1,400 per 100,000 women, one of the highest in the world. Somalia’s lack of medical care during pregnancy and delivery contributes to their high infant and maternal mortality rates. The experience of pregnancy and the labor and delivery process in Somalia differs in many ways from that of women in the United States. It is important that health care providers in the United States are aware of these differences because 32% of the refugees in the U.S. are from Somalia, so it is likely that providers will care for a Somali female at some point in their careers. In Somalia, cesarean sections are rarely discussed and typically not performed (Ameresekere, et al., 2011). Somali women also feel that the entire labor process is rushed in the United States. In Somalia, it is common to have a baby between 9½ and 10 months, as a larger infant is preferred. They also believe that it is up to Allah to decide when the baby is to arrive. Techniques are used to facilitate progression of labor and pain management, such as position changes,...
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...Cortisol levels rise as the pregnancy advances and can reach high levels at the time of labor. Cortisol levels rise during REM sleep when we have vivid dreams. So, with cortisol levels at their peak during pregnancy and REM sleep period, pregnant women can likely have dreams that signify a whole range of their emotions through scary imagery. Handling Nightmares During Pregnancy: Don’t lose sleep (literally) over your nightmares during pregnancy. Don’t read too much into them unless they begin to interfere with your well-being. Your bad dreams or nightmares during pregnancy may be a representation of your emotional and mental state at this crucial time in your life. Your nightmares may just be projections of your anxiety, fears, and concerns. Bad dreams during pregnancy may become a concern for you if they interfere with your sleep to an extent that it affects your health. In such a case you can talk to your doctor about any health concerns. Talk about your dreams and the corresponding anxiety with your partner. A good exchange of thoughts between you and your partner can go a long way to alleviate your fears. Once the fears go away, the bad dreams may disappear too. Tips For Better Sleep During Pregnancy: Here are some measures...
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...Health across the lifespan- by Petra Goodall- 20143179 Models of care Midwifery care: Pregnancy for women is a time in which many choices have to be made. With so many options and models of care available for pregnant women in Australia, choosing can often be a difficult task. This essay aims to describe the midwifery model of care and to compare this model of care for childbearing women to other models of care, including medical models of care and shared models of care. It aims to highlight and provide information as to why midwifery led care would be the best option for child bearing women. Caseload midwifery is also explored as a specified option of midwifery led care, and benefits of this model of care are provided. Midwifery led care, or a midwifery model of care, is a model of care in which midwives are the main consultants, providing a high level of care for the women during pregnancy, labour and the post natal period. Midwives philosophy is that pregnancy and birth are normal physiological procedures in the women’s lifespan and refer to other specialists only when this differs from normal, standard pregnancies. Empathy, compassion, and consideration are some of the key components of midwives working in a midwifery model of care, though they also have a great awareness of the physiology of birth. (Dice, 2010). There are various policies for different hospitals in NSW for the model of care chosen, however the Department of Health (2014), focuses on the stages of...
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...leadership and management positions held in nursing thought by many to be primarily the role of the nurse with a BSN not an ADN degree. There has been quite a lot of debate on this topic over the years and there continues to be a need for clarification of the different roles of the ADN versus the BSN nurse (Schank & Stollenwerk, 1988). Chamings and Teevon (1979) found while asking nurse educators that differences in the competencies of nurses remained undetermined, while there were defined differences in expectations. It is understandable that an ADN or BSN graduate needs to be able to go into the workforce knowing their skills and being able to apply that knowledge to meet the requirements of their nursing role. Ashkenas (1973) did a study on new ADN graduates and found they were often asked to perform tasks for which they had no educational training for. This included leadership and management roles. Part of the BSN nurses training program is leadership to prepare them to function as charge nurses or supervisors. The American Association of Colleges of...
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...Sangeeta Jain MD Coordinator: Brandie Davis Overview: The Galveston Obstetrics and Gynecology clerkship consists of 1 week Labor and Delivery Days, 1 week of Labor and Delivery Nights, I week of Antepartum, 1 week of Post-partum 1 week of Gynecology, and 1 week of Out-patient clinic. However, the structure of the course is often changed in response to student feedback, so please refer to your syllabus for details! The obstetrics portion focuses on labor and delivery, antepartum, and postpartum aspects of patient care. The weeks that you spend in gynecology vary widely and can range from community clinics to gynecologic surgery. This clerkship is highly dependent on how much effort you put into it, as evaluations from residents and faculty make up a significant portion of your grade. The clerkship is generally VERY organized, which you will learn to appreciate as you go through other clerkships. Didactics: There are lectures one day per week, which are mandatory. You will be excused from all clinical duties on your didactic day. Apart from the lectures, you will have quizzes over certain topics in Ob-Gyn (refer to syllabus for schedule). The course textbook (Beckman) is an excellent study guide for these quizzes, but make sure you have the latest edition! Other helpful study resources are the online APGO quizzes, Blue Prints, First Aid and Case Files. You are allowed to wear casual clothes on didactic days. Small Groups: The small group sessions are where you will...
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...CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES ON INTRAPARTUM AND IMMEDIATE POSTPARTUM CARE 2012 A collaboration of the Department of Health and the Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society 1 The mention of specific product brands is not meant to suggest that they are endorsed or recommended by the Department of Health (DOH) and the Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society (POGS) in preference to other products of a similar nature that are not mentioned. All reasonable precautions have been taken by DOH and POGS to ensure that the information contained in this publication is accurate. However, this guideline is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the guideline lies with the end user. In no event shall DOH and POGS be liable for damages arising from its use. 2 ii MESSAGE The primary aim of MDG 5 is to reduce by three quarters by between 1990 an 2015, the maternal mortality ratio,especially among less developed countries. The Philippines is among those with high maternal mortality rate (MMR). In 2006, our MMR was 162 deaths/100,000 live births, however, the Family Health Survey in 2011 showed that the MMR has increased to 221 deaths/100,000 live births. It is therefore important that we mobilize our efforts together to avert further deaths of our pregnant mothers. The Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society (Foundation), Inc. (POGS) stood up to the challenge of World...
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...Nikki Starnes November 28, 2011 3rd &4th block Anesthesiologists An anesthesiologist is a medical doctor who cares for a patient before, during and immediately following a surgical or medical procedure by administering the appropriate anesthesia and monitoring the patient for reactions and complications, and to ensure comfort and manage pain. Some of the primary responsibilities of an anesthesiologist include examining the patient to determine the type of anesthetic needed, communicating all relevant information to the appropriate medical practitioners, and administering local, intravenous, or spinal anesthetic to the patient. Anesthesiologists meet with the patient prior to the surgical procedure to evaluate their condition and to review their medical history, they will explain the procedure to the patient so that they know what to expect. During surgery, an anesthesiologist carefully monitors the patient's vital signs—including heart rate and rhythm, blood pressure, breathing, and kidney function—and adjusts anesthetics as needed. When surgery is finished, the recovery phase begins. The anesthesiologist administers medications to reverse the effects of the anesthetic, returning the patient to consciousness if a general anesthetic has been used. After surgery, patients are moved to a recovery room, where the anesthesiologist is still responsible for the patient's vital functions. In the recovery room, nurses and other specially trained staff closely monitor the patient...
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