...The aortic valve is a semilunar valve in that heart that guards the opening of the left ventricle (LV) into the aorta. It allows blood to flow into the aorta during left ventricular systole via opening, when the left ventricular pressure exceeds the arterial pressure in the aorta. Likewise, it prevents the backflow of blood during left ventricular diastole via closing, when the arterial pressure exceeds the left ventricular pressure.1 Aortic stenosis (AS) is the turbulent flow of blood into the aorta due to the pathological narrowing of the aortic valve’s orifice, resulting in a systolic murmur.3 AS can lead to “diastolic and systolic derangement of ventricular function with a resultant decline in ejection fraction, transvalvular flow, and...
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...The New Left Movement The New Left and SDS (Students for Democratic Society) emerged in 1960. They were a group of young, highly educated and highly motivated students. The SDSers came from very privileged and political backgrounds. They were definitely not your average teenagers. The members of SDS were very concerned with the state of the country and government. They wanted to end poverty, eradicate racial injustice and make the world a better place for everyone. When they first started out, the party was very efficient and organized. As the decade moved on, however, the party’s ideologies and political stance changed. They began to split over political beliefs, drug use and tactics. McAdam’s political process model states that in order to start a social movement, three things must occur. They are; structure of political opportunities, use of indigenous organizational strength and realizing cognitive liberation. The SDS started out on the same page, working to support the Civil Rights movement in the early 60’s. They published the Port Huron Statement in 1962. “They wanted a society based on participatory democracy governed by two aims; first, that individuals participate in decisions determining the quality and direction of their lives, and second, that the society be organized to encourage independence and to provide for such common participation.” After they had published their statement and had an actual list of goals and they knew exactly what they stood for, or so...
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...also known that not only do people prefer one hand over the other, but they also have preferred feet, eyes, even ears. Again, the right side is favored. However, study on chimpanzees – specie that shares more than 90% of our genes, showed some preference in body usage but unlike that of a human it was never consistent: close to 50% of them use left side and 50% right (McManus 192). This makes one wonder if there is something special about human that makes us shift towards right-handedness, and that what the shift has to do with our other unique qualities. The way our brain operates has always been more of a myth. A study on the relationship between hand preferences and brain functioning could lead us to better understand the developmental neurobiology of our brain. Finding the underlying mechanism of the cause of handedness not only satisfies our curiosity but also contributes to our knowledge of how we function as specie. It could lead us to explain certain illness and maybe group people into more categories. Finally, left-handers in history had been discriminated against and even today, in many countries and cultures the use of left hand is very unwelcome. A more scientific understanding of handedness will hopefully make people realize the difference between what is “right” and what is correct. Therefore, I ask...
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...The New Left and Students for Democratic Society emerged in 1960. They were a group of young, highly educated and highly motivated students. The SDSers came from very privileged and political backgrounds. They were definitely not your average teenagers. The members of SDS were very concerned with the state of the country and government. They wanted to end poverty, eradicate racial injustice and make the world a better place for everyone. When they first started out, the party was very efficient and organized. As the decade moved on, however, the party’s ideologies and political stance changed. They began to split over political beliefs, drug use and tactics. I intend to map out Doug McAdam’s political process model to determine where they went wrong and ultimately failed with their anti-Vietnam movement. The political process model states that in order to start a social movement, three things must occur. They are; structure of political opportunities, use of indigenous organizational strength and realizing cognitive liberation. The SDS started out on the same page, working to support the Civil Rights movement in the early 60’s. They published the Port Huron Statement in 1962. “They wanted a society based on participatory democracy governed by two aims; first, that individuals participate in decisions determining the quality and direction of their lives, and second, that the society be organized to encourage independence and to provide for such common participation” (Klatch...
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...The Difference Between Being Left-Handed and Right-Handed About 90 percent of the world’s population is right-handed and only 10 percent is left-handed. It is exceptionally rare for a true ambidexterity. Most left-handed people develop some mixed-handedness by living in a world where most everyday objects are for right-handed people (Balter, 2009). Balter says “one researcher hot on the trail of these issues is Natalie Uomini, an archeologist at the University of Liverpool in the United Kingdom” (2009). Uomini states that handedness does not mean that one hand is more dominant over the other. She rather says that “both hands have different but equally important manual dexterity whereas the left hand might perform the more mundane but nevertheless crucial role of supporting an object” (Balter, 2009). Most children begin to emerge between the ages of seven and thirteen months and are well-established by age three (Balter, 2009). When figuring out when such consistency arose in humans is not an easy task. In small number of cases, it is possible to detect signs of handedness in early human fossils by the size of the shoulder and arm bones. There is a clear destination as indicated by the deeper bone insertions of the deltoid muscles in his clavicle and the greater length of the ulna (Balter, 2009). Uomini found out that even though hand bias may be hard to detect among early humans, there is clear evidence from the large number of Neandertal skeletons. The Neandertal skeletons...
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...Kaitlin Margaret Norris Kessler April 16, 2012 Is There Really No Child Left Behind? The No Child Left Behind Act, also known as NCLB was put into affect in 2002 by President George W. Bush. This law affects how students learn, the tests they take, and the way teachers are trained. It’s stated goal is to close the achievement gap between minority and non-minority students, between the disadvantaged and the advantaged, and between those living in poverty and those that are wealthy. After given a standardized test every year, the school is required to take different actions if their school does not improve each year such as directing a chunk of it’s funding to teacher development, giving students the option to transfer, changing it’s curriculum, or having the school shut down altogether. My claim is that we should adjust or amend the No Child Left Behind Act. No Child Left Behind’s attempt to narrow achievement gaps by ensuring that all children receive a quality education is admirable, but it is hardly realistic. Teachers would have to devote their entire time to teaching specifically just math and English. By doing that they block out any other subjects such as science, history, art, or any other important elective or subject. We should adjust the law by having less harsh punishments that way the students and teachers are not constantly stressing, and most importantly because we want to keep the students from doubting themselves academically. Some people may argue...
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...The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 is a United States Act of Congress that was originally proposed by the administration of President George W. Bush immediately after taking office. The bill, shepherded through the Senate by Senator Ted Kennedy, one of the bill's sponsors, received overwhelming bipartisan support in Congress. The House of Representatives passed the bill on May 23, 2001 and United States Senate passed it on June 14, 2001. President Bush signed it into law on January 8, 2002. The purpose and mission of the No Child Left Behind Act is to eliminate the achievement gap that exists between groups of students within our nation's schools. A glaring disparity exists in the achievement of Black, Hispanic, and students living in poverty when compared to white and more affluent students in the subjects of reading and mathematics. In 2003, 39 percent of white fourth graders scored at the proficient level in reading, while only 12 percent of Black students and 14 percent of Hispanic students scored at the proficient level in reading on the National Assessment of Educational Progress, also known as the "Nation's Report Card." No Child Left Behind stated President Bush's unequivocal commitment to ensuring that every child can read by the end of third grade. To accomplish this goal, the new Reading First initiative would significantly increase the Federal investment in scientifically based reading instruction programs in the early grades. One major benefit of this approach...
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...No Child Left Behind Charles Barr EDU 623-Introduction to Teaching and Learning Instructor: Julie-Ann Adkins No Child Left Behind The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, also known as NCLB is a US federal law that was originally proposed by President George W. Bush in 2001. The legislation funds a number of federal programs aiming at improving the performance of U.S. schools by increasing the standards of accountability for states, school districts, and schools, as well as providing parents more flexibility in choosing which schools their children will attend. Additionally, it promotes an increased focus on reading and math .The intent of NCLB is that all children will meet state academic achievement standards to reach their full potential through improved programs .People who say No Child Left Behind has made schools better often cite the premise of the law because struggling students would be brought up to the level of their peers, students would get more individual attention and other supporters point to improvements in school performance, including test scores as the reason they think the act has helped schools (Armstrong, Henson, &Savage, 2009, p.72-73) . In addition, supporters say the law makes schools more accountable because NCLB has improved teachers’ performance by giving them guidelines for performance or by establishing new requirements for teachers. There is even greater agreement about the negative effects of No Child Left Behind. Those who believe the law has...
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...MEMO | EDUCATION Did No Child Left Behind Work? By Lanae Erickson Hatalsky and Stephenie Johnson | Published: 02/06/15 Are we about to snatch defeat from the jaws of victory? For the first time in more than a decade, Congress is moving forward on reauthorizing the Elementary and Secondary Education Act—known in its previous iteration as the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). Voices on both sides of the aisle have proposed major changes, including tossing the annual testing requirement for kids in grades 3 through 8, as well as repealing the accountability measures that have allowed the federal government to require states to address failing schools and yawning achievement gaps. There is no doubt that NCLB has problems that should be addressed in a new reauthorization. But before we throw out NCLB and rewind to the policies of the 1990s, we should examine what, if any, effect the era of accountability ushered in by President George W. Bush, late Senator Ted Kennedy (DMA), then-Congressman (now Speaker) John Boehner (R-OH), and retired Congressman George Miller (D-CA) has had on student achievement. As we outline below, even a cursory look at the data makes clear that after decades of stagnant scores, the last 15 years of accountability have brought measurable gains for students across the board, and the biggest gains during the NCLB era have been concentrated among the kids who needed them the most. While there are still serious problems to confront and...
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...Tawanna Lovey Business Environment and Public Policy No Child Left Behind Abstract This paper will take a look at the No Child Left Behind Act. It will explore its history, its goals, intentions, methods, and measures. This paper will also look at the effect that NCLB has on the ethical behaviors and decisions, and the various effects on curriculum, students, teachers, schools, and its effect on sub-groups of students involved. Introduction In 2001 Congress passed the landmark federal law, No Child Left Behind, (NCLB). President Bush signed the law on January 8, 2002. NCLB has been the foundation of the Bush Administration’s educational agenda. The four major components of the law are stronger accountability, more freedom for states and communities, proven educational methods, and more choice for parents. One of the purposes of the law was to require schools to pay more attention to a segment of the school population specifically, minorities and poor who were being left behind. The law requires that no later then 12 years after the 2001-2002 school year every student who attends public schools shall achieve academic proficiency as determined by state tests. Literature Review NCLB measures rely primarily on indicators of performance such as large-scale assessments and other objective measures of school success. NCLB requires all states to have core academic standards, and furthermore dictates that states will need to bring all students to proficient levels...
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...No Child Left Behind Diane Nickerson-Baylor EDU623: Introduction to Teaching & Learning Dr. Susan Hughes July 1, 2013 No Child Left Behind The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), which was created in 2002, remains a force which has been misunderstood since it origin. According to Fawn Johnson (2011) the No Child Left Behind Act streaked out its tenth year anniversary and even thought time has slipped away, the No Child Left Behind Act still reveals deep holes in its organization. However, there are some wardens that stand by its principle and believe public schools should be responsible for every student in their school. Also, they believe that every child can study and absorb information in school which would lead to learning daily in school. However, Linda Darling (2011) states that No Child Left Behind was considered a major victory for all American children, predominantly those in customarily schools. Yet years later the debate in congress continues to change the laws and reorganize the tone of No Child Left Behind. For example, many Republicans have spoken up with their concerns about No Child Left Behind while some baby Democrats are looking for a change in the program as well. Nevertheless, Joel Spring (2008) insists that No Child Left Behind was designed as a tool to develop learning equally in all schools and every child would get an equal learning chance. Furthermore, the objective was to remove poverty in...
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...No Child Left behind Act– Final ENG 122 English Composition II August 19, 2014 The No Child Left behind Act has weakened the sense of community in the educational system, often causing a sense of hopelessness to be more obvious among disadvantaged students or neglected educational systems. Throughout the ages one theme among a populace of peoples of common mind, language and religion along with survival that has maintained its importance is education or knowledge of its peoples. People throughout the ages attained different degrees of education but its importance was vital to the survival and advancement of what once were nomadic tribes to the nation states we now know of today. Many famous philosophers liked to give their opinion on the merit of a good education, their disgust with ignorance or how education or the lack of knowledge was a powerful political tool. While ignoring the fact that an education wasn’t available to all people’s and in many parts of the world this is still the case even in the twenty-first century. Take a look at a world map, how many continents can you name? How many countries can you identify? How many of those countries speak a common language and share common ideals and values, forms of governance and religion. That wouldn’t be possible without an education or a system that at least at some basic level provided for an increase in the general of its people. The mighty and the great, the warriors and the kings, along with the humble peasant...
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...No Child Left Behind Luisa Villalba EDU623 Professor Smith November 5, 2012 The No Child Left Behind act was put in place to help better educate America’s youth. The NCLB act shines light on our education system, and how our focus needs to be on educating our children. Explore what the NCLB act was intended to do its pros and cons, and President Obama’s fight to reform NCLB. In 2001 President George W. Bush proposed a federal law known as The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). The law supports several federal programs intended to improve U.S. schools by raising the standards of responsibility for school districts, schools, and states. The law also allows room for parents to choose the schools they would like their children to attend. The NCLB act concentrates on increasing reading, and math sores nationwide. The objective of the NCLB act is that all students meet state guidelines set in hopes of students reaching their full academic potential. Funding for the NCLB act is divided into quite a few sections, or titles. For example * Title I, Part A focuses on obtaining resources for disadvantaged students. This is done by providing funding to bring qualified educators into the classroom. * Title 1, Part D ensures that children who are found to delinquent, or neglected receive quality education while in detention centers, or institutions. * Title II, Part A concentrates on bettering the quality of teachers, and principals. This title...
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...No Child Left Behind: Reformed Education By: Alicia Faulk University of Phoenix June 22, 2015 Rebecca Hewett President George W. Bush signed a new education bill that may change the way you learn at school (“No Child,” 2002, p. 4). Advocates saw it as a way to hold schools accountable and provide workable standards of proficiency in education (“No Child,” 2015). Even though the No Child Left Behind Act was passed in 2001 it wasn't signed into law on January 8, 2002 (“No Child,” 2004, p. 1). The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) is to ensure that all kids receive a first class education, making sure teachers are highly qualified, and the schools accountability to ensure that the children are learning by test results. The NCLB Act is aimed at improving the performance of every public school (“No Child,” 2002 p. 4). According to (Sunderman, 2009, p. 547), education is typically viewed as a state and local responsibility related to core educational functions, but the NCLB move this relationship in the direction of expanding the federal role over states, while strengthening the roles of states over local districts. While the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) is the most significant and controversial change, the government assumed a major role in education in the 1960s (Sunderman 2009, p. 546 ). The new bill also requires all states to "set high standards of achievement" for students, and forces them to come up with ways to measure student performance...
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...Policy Analysis No Child Left Behind to The Blueprint for Reform/Rise to The Top Program Frances Kaye Williams PAD 510: Into to Public Policy Analysis Strayer University Scholl of Professional Studies Thomas Walkington PAD 510 Intro Public Policy Analysis Strayer University January 27, 2014 Abstract The purpose of this research is to identify the reformation from the No Child Left behind Act that was reform from President Bush to the President Obama Blue Print for Reform Act and the Raising to the Top for Education. The research proves that the reformation of the Blue Print has greatly increased in the education of all children to indulge in a higher education. This reformation has not only help with the children but the welfare of the economy and the communities as well. The report identifies key elements of the policy and makes recommendations for future policy development identifying official and unofficial actors, interest groups, the influence of two of those actors, their influence in further development of the policy Executive Summary A substantial body of evidence has shown that past reforms have largely failed to improve schools, but The Blue Print for Reform along with the Rise to The Top Program (RTTT) has made a significant change in education. The Blueprint for Reform builds on the significant reforms already made in response to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 around four areas: (1) Improving teacher and principal effectiveness...
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