...to provide material for class discussion. The authors do not intend to provide legal, tax, accounting or other professional advice. Such advice should be obtained from a qualified professional. Ivey Management Services prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmittal without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Management Services, c/o Richard Ivey School of Business, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2009, Ivey Management Services Version: 2009-01-29 INTRODUCTION Along with advancements in science and technology, the practice of law has made advancements in the types of evidence considered to be relevant. Since the 1970s, statistical analysis has become an important part of courtroom discussions.1 Often, statistical evidence alone can provide sufficient grounds for the sentencing of a suspect. An understanding of statistical science is thus crucial for an analysis of many courtroom decisions. In this note, the use of data in court, data collection biases, requirements for evidence, and fallacious arguments will be discussed. There will also be a brief discussion of some past court cases in which statistics played an important role. ANALYZING DATA Statisticians...
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...Canada has had its share of victims of miscarriages of justice in the past fifty years. In the Oxford dictionary, miscarriage of justice is defined as, “a failure of a court or judicial system to attain the ends of justice, especially one which results in the conviction of an innocent person.” (Oxford Dictionary). Currently in Canada, there is no legal obligation to compensate the victims of wrongful conviction. (“Entitlement to Compensation”). This is something that needs to change. Canada should compensate the victims of wrongful conviction with money based on however many years they spent waiting for trial, as well as the time they spent in jail. These victims need to be compensated because these convictions can ruin their reputation and...
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...Memorandum Industrial Hemp Introduction Would you not think it to be logical that if there was a plant that could save the environment, that it would be legal to cultivate? Well, the miracle plant hemp possesses all the characteristics to benefit our society in many ways from the production of clothes, to alternative, more efficient forms of energy, yet it remains illegal to produce in the U.S. Hemp can be used for so many different things that are better that and more environmentally friendly than what we are using today, and this displays why the cultivation of hemp should be legalized. Background I bought a backpack last year which was made almost entirely of hemp, which led me to become more curious about this plant which is most often associated with a drug. I started to do more research about this plant to become informed of its many uses and found many interesting facts about the utility of hemp in many aspects of modern day life. The only problem with this plant is that it is not legal because it is related to the drug marijuana, but what people don’t know that they are two completely different plants. There are many different uses for hemp; the two largest being paper and clothing. We are cutting down so many trees in our forests to make paper with when we could just grow hemp that grows in almost any condition and up to four times faster than our current resources, meaning that we would be able to supply more paper while using less resources in a more cost...
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...This incorporates the effort to divert the mentally ill to mental health facilities rather than involving them further in system. This strategy is critical for addressing the plight of the mentally ill with a view to ensuring they receive the required care (Harvey, Hildreth, MacLeod and Moran, 2009). Already, courts for the mentally ill have been established to address this concern. However, it is necessary to expand this role. In Ontario, the police utilize a variety of factors to establish whether it is necessary to divert a suspect to the mental health facilities or not. These factors include the gravity of the offence, whether the police know the suspect and their associated history of mental illness, and whether the suspects poses a risk to others or not (Harvey, Hildreth, MacLeod and Moran, 2009). The pre-charge diversion options available to the police include linking up the suspect with mental health services at the community level, assisting the individual to locate their loved ones, calling crisis response teams to take the individual into custody, or arresting the individual in accordance with the Mental Health Act and delivering them to emergency treatment services...
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...JOINT HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE (JHSC) CERTIFICATION PROGRAM CONSULTATION PAPER November 18, 2009 Prevention Division Workplace Safety & Insurance Board + JOINT HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEE CERTIFICATION PROGRAM CONSULTATION PAPER Invitation to Participate................................................................................. 3 1. Introduction ................................................................................................. 4 a) Purpose of Consultation ....................................................................................................... 4 b) Legislative Framework ......................................................................................................... 5 c) The Certification Process...................................................................................................... 5 d) Certification Training Outcomes ............................................................................................ 6 e) Certification Standards ........................................................................................................ 6 2. Certification Review Committee .................................................................. 7 a) Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 7 b) Composition ............................................................................................................
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...Junk Van Case Study Name: RISHITHA MANDA VU ID: 3914639 Course Instructor: Mark DeMateo Course: Introduction To IT Date: 04-14-2016 The company Stood for the collection of waste. Its chain involves many things like waste collection, transport, recycling and disposal of the waste collection. Many companies competed within the waste collection sector. In Canada, garbage collection techniques are used as in most of the global companies. Actually it a considered a rough business. The operation in waste collection is based on that one person is responsibility for one truck. These waste collection services are available for big industries as well as the individual households. A company had started by the friend of Marcus Kingo for waste collection. The main motto is to collect junk and to vanish it from the industry. It was started in the year 2008. This company had a single truck for junk removal. Due to illness, Kingo's friend failed to complete his contracts regarding junk removal, then Kingo helped him out and hired in a company. Then he had an idea and started a company with single truck. He invested about $500 initially for that company in the area Ontario that is in London. Kingo Thought that it would be better to start a company without the office location as it is very challenging to pay the rent for the small startup company. He designed a very low overhead business model. The whole work of JUNK VAN was done through the home itself by the employees. All the...
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...access to supplies or skills that cannot be directly provided within their organization. What types of HR functions are generally outsourced? As global technology improves and advances, the use and effectiveness of outsourcing increases. Creative work is commonly handled by outside professionals. This could include such projects as website design, store layout, store interior design, brand packaging, and logos. Another function commonly outsourced is customer support. Either over telephones or the internet, companies can redirect their customers to customer support helplines that may not be in the same city, or sometimes even the same country. Two different, but functionally similar, tasks that are commonly outsourced are accounting and legal services. Both functions utilize the services of workers that are usually employed by firms. Manufacturing of products, which might include machines or factory workers, is another function commonly involved for companies directly involved with physical products. One more major function that can be outsourced is the recruitment and hiring process, which could be done through advertising or by head hunters....
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...CREED CASE LAW REVIEW May 2012 INTRODUCTION When the Ontario Human Rights Code became law in 1962, creed was one of the original grounds of discrimination. This was likely to deal with the fact that at the time, there was significant overt discrimination against religious minorities. Over time, Canada’s legal and societal approach to creed rights has evolved significantly. However, it continues to be one of, if not the, most complex and controversial area of rights law. Perhaps more than any other ground in human rights codes, creed rights tend to give rise to strong opinions, even among those who may not otherwise have much to say about human rights. Everything from what is creed (and what beliefs and practices are protected under the ground of creed), how creed claims are proven, how creed must be accommodated and what to do where creed bumps up against other rights have led to judicial interpretation and public debate. In Quebec, the provincial government appointed a Commission on Accommodation Practices Related to Cultural Differences 1 in response to public discontent concerning accommodation of, among other things, creed rights. This may be in part because creed is unique in some respects. It encompasses not just innate personal characteristics but also covers associated practices and beliefs. Rights in relation to religion have been recognized as not just equality rights, but also among the “fundamental freedoms” of every Canadian as listed in s. 2 of the Canadian Charter...
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...CASE INCIDENT The Asthma Attack In March of 2013, a teenage boy visiting a Tim Hortons franchise in London, Ontario suffered an asthma attack. The 17-year old boy was having difficulty breathing and gasping for air as her tried to get the attention of employees. According to a customer who witnessed the incident, an employee asked “What do you want?” kind of rudely and all the boy could say was, “Help” and “Phone”. Employees told him the phone wasn’t for customers and directed him to a payphone across the street at a variety store. According to the witness, “The teen boy was going between the two tills, there were five or six employees… he was visibly in distress. They didn’t ask if he needed help. The whole time, not of them came out from behind the counter to see if he was OK.” The customer who witness the incident called 911 and stayed with the boy until paramedics arrived. However, when they arrive they found themselves at an exit-only door, the employees did not open to the door to let them in, so the paramedics had to pry the door open to get to the boy and take him to the hospital. Instructions QUESTIONS 1. Run the asthma attack incident through the needs analysis process. What is the performance problem and is it important? Who are the stakeholders? What information would you collect by doing an organizational, task, and person analysis? What are some of the outcomes that would result from the needs analysis process? Needs analysis...
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...at the time of publication indicated above and is subject to change. Please consult your faculty or the Registrar’s office if you require clarification regarding the contents of this document. Note: Program map information located in the faculty sections of this document are relevant to students beginning their studies in 2014-2015, students commencing their UOIT studies during a different academic year should consult their faculty to ensure they are following the correct program map. i Message from President Tim McTiernan I am delighted to welcome you to the University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT), one of Canada’s most modern and dynamic university communities. We are a university that lives by three words: challenge, innovate and connect. You have chosen a university known for how it helps students meet the challenges of the future. We have created a leading-edge, technology-enriched learning environment. We have invested in state-of-the-art research and teaching facilities. We have developed industry-ready programs that align with the university’s visionary research portfolio. UOIT is known for its innovative approaches to learning. In many cases, our undergraduate and graduate students are working alongside their professors on research projects and gaining valuable hands-on learning, which we believe is integral in preparing you to lead and succeed. I encourage you to take advantage of these opportunities to become the best you can be. We also invite our...
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...This is when other religions and cultures have different opinions and this topic becomes controversial to make a law that can satisfy everyone. A study was done to seek if Americans’ abortion attitudes are an indication of the link between religion and abortion behavior, it would suggest that traditionalist Catholic and conservative Protestant women would be less likely than other women to obtain an abortion (Adamczyk.A, 2007). This study concluded that religion is one of the most powerful predictors of abortion attitudes. There have been numerous researchers that have found that young women who are actively religious are less likely than less religious women to have premarital sex. Additionally, that religious women have less sex partners and are sexually active outside of a marital relationship for a shorter period of time because they start having sex later than less religious women. Meaning, women who decide to have premarital sex and have more than one sex partner will not want to have a child before marriage without a partner...
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...Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Ontario Tobacco Research Unit November 2012 Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Suggested Citation: Ontario Tobacco Research Unit. Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report. Toronto: Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Special Report, November 2012. Ontario Tobacco Research Unit ii Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Acknowledgements Many people were involved in the preparation of this report. Key authors are Robert Schwartz, Shawn O’Connor, Alexey Babayan, Maritt Kirst, and Jolene Dubray. Marilyn Pope, David Ip, Pamela Kaufman, and Marian Smith provided editorial comments on an earlier draft and Sonja Johnston provided production assistance. The interpretation and opinions expressed in this report are the responsibility of the Principal Investigators of the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit (OTRU): Susan Bondy, University of Toronto K. Stephen Brown, University of Waterloo Joanna Cohen, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, University of Toronto Roberta Ferrence, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health John M. Garcia, University of Waterloo Paul McDonald, University of Waterloo Robert Schwartz, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Peter Selby, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Ontario Tobacco Research Unit iii Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Table of Contents Acknowledgements...
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...Great Lakes Water Wars Introduction Water is a requirement of all life, as “it dissolves organic molecules…allows for transportation in and out of cells; and it is involved in many of metabolic reactions in the cells,” (Bennett & Shostak, 2007). Water is therefore in high demand due to its importance need to sustain life. With a rising world population and increasing world pollution, is the supply of clean water is decreasing per capita against its forever growing demand. “While about three-fourths of the earth's surface is covered with water, only about 2.7 percent of it is drinkable,” (Allardice, 2005) “Some two-thirds of that is locked up in snow and ice,” (Ehewnman, 2003). Water is in conflict between countries as the quality of clean water per person is steadily decreasing. The Great Lakes, the biggest body of water in North America, and supplies water to Canada and the U.S. and its rivers are also used for Hydro powered damns. This paper examines the Great Lakes water conflicts between Canada and the U.S., by observing the drinkable water that can be supplied. While also observing the legalities and regulations of who has the rights to Canada’s massive water supply. Even if the water is in Canada’s country, they may not have complete control over it. Many solutions from one side, such as water diversion, have created concerns for the other. Due to Canada’s high water supply from other lakes and river systems, they do not as dependent on the Great Lakes as much...
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...1 Challenges We Face in FM by John Vinken, IFMA Toronto President Vinken’s Views - President’s Message Spring has sprung in Southern Ontario and my mind races onward with ideas that I want to implement both at work and home. And what a better way to explore these ideas and develop some structure around them, than by hiring a person that is motivated, energetic, and able to acquire current knowledge easily. Yeah I know you are asking “Where do I get in line for someone like that?” Well what I have just described is a co-op student. I have my usual 2 co-op students already reserved and they will be starting in 3 weeks time. And let me tell you my whiteboard is filling with initiatives and ideas for these two to deal with. And with two facility management related college programs in the area (at Humber College and at Conestoga Collage) there are co-op students looking for jobs in the facility management field. If you want the contact information use the membership CD just sent to you and on the opening page are the hyperlinks for both of these institutions. This is the third year that IFMA Toronto has produced the membership CD rather than published a membership roster. There are, of course, issues with this year’s CD as there have been with every membership roster created in history I believe. Some of the problems are related to getting updated information about member. As an example when people renew their membership and if it is tardy the membership listing we acquire...
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...English-E11-12 7/27/07 2:24 PM Page 1 Ministry of Education The Ontario Curriculum Grades 11 and 12 English Printed on recycled paper 07-003 ISBN 978-1-4249-4741-6 (Print) ISBN 978-1-4249-4742-3 (PDF) ISBN 978-1-4249-4743-0 (TXT) © Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2007 2007 REVISED CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 Secondary Schools for the Twenty-first Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Importance of Literacy, Language, and the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Principles Underlying the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roles and Responsibilities in English Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THE PROGRAM IN ENGLISH 3 3 4 5 9 Overview of the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Curriculum Expectations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Strands in the English Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION OF STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT Basic Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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