...LETTER OF INQUIRY - are short letter asking question and their reply. They are made for the purpose of obtaining. 2 types of letter of inquiry(LB) Qualities(CC) 1. Longer letter of inquiry concious 2. Brief letter of inquiry concise Contents(RFET) 1. Reasons for inquiry 2. Facts needed by the reader 3. Expression of gratitude 4. The contents are tabulated( for longer) LETTER OF RESERVATION - are letters stating willingness for occupacy in advance. Qualities(BD) 1. Brief 2. Defenite Contents(NLDT) 1. No of reservation 2. Location preferred 3. Date of reservation 4. The price LETTER OF INVITATION -requires the presence of a person in a certain occasion. Qualities(CG) 1. Cordial and gracious in tone Contents(NATDR) 1. Name of the organization 2. Attainments of the speaker 3. The subject upon which the speaker to speak or the topic 4. Duration of the speak 5. Reply Letter of Appreciation or Gratitude - among letter types it is the least expected. Qualities(BS) 1. Brief and sincere Letter of Congratulations and Good wishes - a letter written to associates and employees who enjoyed progress and good fortune. Qualities(BDC) 1. Brief 2. Direct 3. Concise Letter of Condolence - letter written breaved family Qualities(ST) 1. Sincere 2. Tactful Letter of Introduction - it is letter written to bring about acquiantanceship between two person not known to each other Qualities(BDSS) ...
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...CHAPTER REVIEW: EFFECTIVE DISCIPLINE AND DOMESTIC INQUIRY PROCEDURES PREPARED FOR: PUAN EDNA BINTI BUYONG PREPARED BY: NO. | NAME | MATRIX NO. | 1. | TOH HUI LING | B061510068 | DATE O,F SUBMISSION : 23RD MARCH 2016 Chapter 20: Effective Discipline and Domestic Inquiry Procedures The purpose of discipline is to encourage employees to meet established standards of job performance and behaviour. This means all employees are expected to adhere to rules and regulations. Discipline is actually a form of training. When employees get more enjoyment from their work and feel that they are part of the team they will tend to follow rules and regulations willingly. Discipline action should only be used as a last resort and employees should be encouraged to practise self-discipline. Whether an employee is terminated or dismissed, however, the Industrial Court will proceed to hear the case as a dismissal if it is referred to the Court. Termination arises out of breach of contract and an employer has the right to terminate an employee if he has breached the terms of his contract. If the employees would not be able to perform his duties and if there is no other suitable work for the employees, the employer has the right to terminate the employee’s service. The right to dismiss arises out of breach of discipline. An employee may be dismissed without notice after he has been found guilty of a disciplinary offence after an inquiry. The right to dismiss arises out of breach of discipline...
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...Business Letter Writing The Importance of Letters Commercial correspondence is the correspondence you share with another party during the course of or in continuation of a business transcation. It is a very important part of business, primarily because it is a form of written documentation. It gives statement of objectives. Commercial correspondence is not only important to business; it is a critical aspect of business. Commercial correspondence acts as a reference point for any queries. A business letter is a formal way of communication between two or more parties. Business letter should be terse, clear and to the point. Businessmen are busy people, and have no time to read long, rambling and confused letters. Despite the popularity of faxes and e-mails letters are still a very important method of communication. Letters develop relationship, between friends, colleagues, important business contacts, even strangers. The nature of the relationship is reflected in the tone and style of the letter. Letters represent your company’s public image and your competence. Letters are more personal than a report, yet more formal than memo and email. Letters constitute an official legal record of an agreement. Letters provide a wide range of corporate information. Letters are ambassadors for you and for your organization; you cannot put across your message in person, so your letter acts on your behalf. Ensure that your letters portray you as a appropriable, caring, efficient and professional...
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...obtain information needed to make the right decision and conclusion 5 Measurement Questions - data collected from surveys, studies and observation 6 Management Decision - weighting all information received from questions to determine the best solution for the organization 1. Management dilemma: The company is experiencing lower advertising revenue due to declining use of their publication reader service cards. Another method of inquiries needed to be developed since the current method is starting to fail. 2. Management question: When did companies...
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...accounting matters as to: The current status of items, in the financial statements being reported on, that were accounted for on the basis of tentative, preliminary, or inconclusive data.(b) Obtain a letter of representations, dated as of the date of the auditor's report, from appropriate officials, as to whether any events occurred subsequent to the date of the financial statements being reported on by the independent auditor that in the officer's opinion would require adjustment or disclosure in these statements. | The company will need to correct previous financial statements; this will also help to accurately reflect the company’s financial position. | 2 | Inquire of client's legal counsel concerning litigation, claims, and assessments. | Adjust previous financial statements to reflect the settlement and payment of the claim. | 3 | (a) Read the available minutes of meetings of stockholders, directors, and appropriate committees; as to meetings for which minutes are not available, inquire about matters dealt with at such meetings.(b) Inquire of and discuss with officers and other executives having responsibility for financial and accounting matters as to: Whether there was any significant change in the capital stock, long-term debt, or working capital to the date of inquiry. | A supporting schedule would give the details of the stock purchase. A note could also explain how the acquisition is expected to affect sales volume. | 4 | (a) Inquire of and discuss with officers...
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... 6. Valuation or Allocation 7. Completeness 8. Rights and Obligations 9. Valuation or Allocation 10. Valuation or Allocation 11. Rights and Obligations 6-21 A. Inquiry oral evidence is the weakest form of evidence and if given by the client should typically be followed up and verified by better evidence. Inquiry of outside parties can be more convincing. Evidence from inquiry should be based on how knowledgeable the parties are about the business and procedure. Often the client will tell you what they think is happening but they might not have verified it lately and may be relying on what someone else has told them. So, the best inquiry is from the person actually doing the activity, not someone who thinks it should be done. Inquiry has very low validity and is a good starting place to decide what to test and perhaps the areas for attention but is not persuasive. B. An audit may include computation of various balance sheet and operating ratios for comparison to prior years and industry averages. Discuss the validity and limitations of ratio analysis in an audit. Ratio analysis and analytical review is helpful to get the big picture and find areas that do not meet expectations and therefore are higher risk. The validity is fair, better then inquiry but it is indirect evidence. It is a summarization and average over the year and so only points to where to do more detailed work. C. In connection with his audit of the financial statements...
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...resignation caused by the employer’s behaviour. The classic case of constructive dismissal in Malaysia is the case of Wong Chee v Cathay Organization (1988). It would be a constructive dismissal if an employer is guilty of a breach of the contract or if he has evinced an intention no longer to be bound by it. In such situation the employee is entitled to regard the contract as terminated and him as being dismissed. The following examples further demonstrate constructive dismissal, reduction of salary, downgrading, forced to resign or retire, behaviour by the employer intended to humiliate the employee, Transfer to a different location if such transferability is not clearly stated in the Letter of Appointment. In order to claim constructive dismissal the employee should inform the employer in a form of a letter stating that he has been constructively dismissed. The workman has to leave at an appropriate time after the breach not after a long period of the breach...
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...business letter It is used to communicate ideas in a formal way between people and/or companies on a professional level. Meaning Business letters are formal letters used for business-to-business, business-to-client, or client-to-business correspondence. parts Date & Sender's Address * The first line of a business letter should be the date the letter was written or completed. Directly underneath the date is the sender's address. Do not include the sender's name here. Sometimes the sender's address is listed on a letterhead, in which case the address should not be repeated under the date. Recipient's Address * If known, the recipient's address should include the name of the person to whom the letter is directed. You should also include a title (Mr., Mrs., Ms., or Dr.) in front of the name. If you are including the country with the address, capitalize the country name. Salutation * The salutation should be the same as the name written with the recipient's address, followed by a colon. It is fine to only use the first name if you personally know the person and you typically refer to her by her first name. If you do not know the recipient's name, it is fine to use the salutation, "To Whom it May Concern." Body * The body of the letter should be formally written. Use single-spaced lines, except between paragraphs, where a double-spaced line should be inserted. The closing paragraph should summarize what was previously stated throughout the letter. Closing ...
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...Running head: Unit 3 Textbook Questions Unit 3 Textbook Questions Wendy Fast AC503: Advanced Auditing Unit 3 Textbook Questions 5-29: (Assertions). In planning the audit of a client’s inventory, an auditor identified the following issues that need audit attention. 1. Inventories are properly stated at the lower of cost or market. Valuation or Allocation. 2. Inventories included in the balance sheet are present in the warehouse on the balance sheet date. Rights and obligations. 3. Inventory quantities include all products, materials, and supplies on hand. Completeness. 4. Liens on the inventories are properly disclosed in notes to the financial statements. Presentation and Disclosure. 5. The client has legal title to the inventions. Rights and Obligations. 6. The financial statements disclose the amount of raw materials, work in progress, and finished goods. Valuation or Allocation. 7. Inventories include all items purchased by the company that are in transit at the balance sheet date and that have been shipped to customers on consignment. Completeness. 8. Inventories received on consignment from suppliers have been excluded from inventory. Rights and Obligations 9. Quantities times prices have been properly extended on the inventory listing, the listing is properly totaled, and the total agrees with the general ledger balance for inventories. Valuation or Allocation. 10. Slow-moving items included in inventory have been...
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...Section 1. Prepare permission letter and engagement letter, and obtain approval from the audit director and the auditee. 2. Conduct audit planning, and the following should be discussed: * Timing of audit and planned participants * Timing of fieldwork * Internal control checklist * Risk areas/ internal controls * Assignment of audit objectives * Testing to be performed * Budgeted hours * Permission letter * Engagement letter 3. Conduct pre-audit interview with auditee and document discussions held. 4. Set the schedule of the preliminary audit with the applicable management and discuss the following: * Timing of the audit * Audit objectives * Key contacts for the audit 5. Obtain permission to access relevant information like: * Organizational chart * Relevant reports utilized by the auditee * Strategic documents 6. Prepare and review the internal control questionnaire: * What is the Al Fresco’s perceived internal controls strengths and weaknesses? 7. Inquire of the auditee as to whether any relevant process flowcharts exist. If not, consider developing one for the permanent file. II. Fieldwork First Objective: To ascertain whether the use and recording of petty cash funds are accurate. 1. Conduct a walkthrough of the process to determine if there are any design issues and to verify that procedures exist. This should be completed by inquiry and observation with the process...
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...Case Assignment 1 1. Build the management-research question hierarchy. The management –research question occurs during stage 1 of the research process. The approach for this stage of the research process is to state the dilemma that prompts the research and then develop other questions by progressively breaking down the original question into more specific one (Cooper & Schindler, 2014, p. 77). Our case highlights a multistage communication study undertaken by the research department of Penton Media, a publisher of business trade magazines, to determine the long-term viability of a reader and advertiser service, the reader service card, a post-card-size device used by readers to request additional information from a particular advertiser. Leveraging the scenario described in the case assignment, we will build out the management-research question hierarchy (Cooper & Schindler, 2010). Discover Management Dilemma The process begins at the most general level with the management dilemma. This is usually a symptom of an actual problem (Cooper & Schindler, 2014, p. 77). In our case study, the actual problem or dilemma is a decline in use of Penton Media’s publication reader service cards, a post-card-size device used by readers to request additional information from a particular advertiser. This postcard –sized device features a series of numbers, with one number assigned to each ad appearing in the publication. Readers circle the advertiser’s number...
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...The purchase was unanimously approved by all five directors of Sports Everywhere. The vote of the directors was based primarily on two things: (i) Dallas’ oral statement on why he thought the acquisition was smart, arguing that he expected the burger restaurant market in the area to grow and Sports Everywhere would have a competitive advantage, and (ii) a letter issued by Justin Banker from Hoya Bank, dated August 15, 2015. The letter contains the favorable opinion of Mr. Banker, while admitting that no analysis was performed on financial reports on his behalf. One director did, in fact, visit Burger Palace and reviewed the company’s financial records and agreed with Dallas that it had a great deal of potential for success. Dallas disclosed to another one of the four directors that he was an investor of Burger Palace. None of the other directors are Burger Palace investors. The directors trusted the chairman’s recommendation, relying on his 20 years of experience running the...
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...Background Rossi Inc. is a diversified manufacturer of industrial products. In 2008, Rossi updated its asbestos litigation liability, including the costs of settlement payments and defense costs relating to currently pending claims and future claims projected to be filed against the Company through 2017 for losses incurred to date. Before 2008, the Company’s previous estimate was for claims projected to be filed through 2011. As part of the 2008 update to the asbestos litigation liability, Rossi engaged Thompson and Associates, a consulting firm, to serve as an external specialist to estimate the claims liability for December 31, 2008. As a result of the 2008 update and the external specialist claims estimate, the Company significantly increased its recorded asbestos litigation liability by $586 million, arriving at a total liability estimate of $1,055 million as of December 31, 2008. During 2009, additional payments against the reserve reduced the recorded liability to $962 million. As of December 31, 2009, the Company performed an analysis of the asbestos litigation reserve and determined that the asbestos litigation liability should remain at $962 million. In 2009, Rossi Inc.’s average cost per claim litigation increased from $29,000 in 2008, to $34,000 due to management’s aggressive approach. This resulted in Thompson concluding that the litigation liability account should have a carrying value of $1,124 Million instead of $962 Million. Management of Rossi Inc. thinks that...
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...reduce risks and ensure safety at events. There are a large list of set laws and regulations of which event managers by law need to satisfy when staging an event, Bowdin et.al (2006 :342) teaches that depending on the stature or scales of event the larger the amount of regulations. These set of laws or rules are named Legislations which Worthington & Britton, (2000) state occupy a substantial proportion of current law including those that govern the operations of business such as sporting events. A vast majority of legislations emanates from previous event disasters such as the Bradford city fire. When a event disaster occurs and live are lost in the cases of the Ibrox, Hillsborough, Heysel and Bradford City football disasters inquiries are launched and investigations are conducted, after which recommendations on how safety could have been improved to potentially avoid the same hazards in future events. Within this portfolio you will find information on the Bradford City Fire and how such a disaster such as that can impact the event industry through new regulations or...
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...The Lusitania Goes Under What happened to the Lusitania on it's last journey across the Atlantic Ocean? Why did the ship get torpedoed? Was it against laws set forth by many of the countries of the early 1900s? These are many of the questions often asked when World War I is being discussed in many history classes. With the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the countries of Austria, Germany, Russia, France, Britain, and Serbia initially felt the tensions increasing either through the arms race or the forming of various alliances and treaties. On, 28 July 1914, the war was official and new types of warfare had been implemented in ways never before used. The early machine guns were now employed to keep enemies in their trenches, airplanes were soaring in the skies, tanks were rolling over trenches, and the most devastating of all, the submarine was now an effective and efficient killing machine. The submarine could stalk enemy ships and attack them without any warning or retribution. The earliest submarine, the Turtle, was used in the American Revolutionary War, but it had little success. (American 1) Now, the submarines used in World War I were redesigned and fitted with better weaponry for fighting a war of stealth and destruction. Submarines had many famous or infamous attacks on naval vessels depending on which side of the history books the country was on. (Germans 1) The one attack that changed World War I was submarine attack on the Lusitania...
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