...Affect Canadian Economy Table of Contents Introduction 3 1. Labor Market 3 1.1 Employment and unemployment rate 6 1.2 Employment rate and unemployment rate in long run 8 3. The Effects on Government’s Health Care Spending 14 4. Education 16 5. Standard of living 17 5.1 Increase productivity 19 6. Pension Plans 19 Conclusion 20 * Introduction The term baby-boomers refers to everyone who were born during the post-World War II, during the years 1947 to 1968, during which time there was a dramatic increase in the birth rate. It is estimated that 97% of the baby-boomers are still alive, which is about 8.5 million individuals. For a past decades, these baby-boomers have controlled and shaped many aspects of our economy, environment, and culture. But as this aging population is coming close to retirement, it could have serious impact on our society. In the coming years, there will be more retirees than worker, which could pose as a great issue in our economy. This paper will analyze the impact of this phenomenon on Canadian labor market and the level of investment, how this could reshape the government budget, and how it is going to affect the Canadian’s standard of living. 1. Labor Market It is quite clear that the retirement of baby-boomers has a big impact on the labor market. Some describes this as a “ demographic time bomb” for the nation’s labor force. Baby-boomers make up one-third of Canadian population, and a large portion of the...
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...greater awareness in the struggle of gender equality and female identification. Feminism looks at how the social, economic and political structures affect and shape women at the individual level. Accordingly, feminist theories analyze the relationship between gender differences, gender inequality and oppression. The idea of ‘waves’ in Canadian Feminist movements have been both diverse and dynamic in the act of coalition to obtain specific goals and broader changes in society. At the beginning of the 20th century, industrialization and nation-building came attached with a gender ideology that prescribed the public/private division between male and females. In modern-day Canada, issues concerning equal rights in the public and private sphere of women have become more relevant to the female community. In contemporary Canada, the discussion of sex work and the ‘entertainment industry’ is a controversial subject to many women. The traditional view is expressed to view these workers as individuals who have chosen this path as ‘immoral criminals’ or ‘victims’ of aggression. There is not much sympathy for these women as they are degraded to be invisible within Canadian society. Given the blind eye, these sexual deviants have historically served as an representation to regulate women of the public sphere. However, it is necessary to make distinctions of the ‘hierarchy’ within Canada’s contemporary sex industry- from street sex workers to high-end escorts or strippers. In addition to the...
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...this can lead to eventual poverty. What can be done? Two major provinces in Canada are considering an approach to assuaging poverty that some consider to be radical. Ontario and Quebec...
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...Canada, by international standards is a rich country; however, Canada has plenty of families struggling to make ends meet. It can be seen in “The Health of Canada’s Children” by Dennis Raphael, (2010) many social determinants influence health. One of the major determinants of health is living circumstances. The many different qualities of living within Canada have resulted in the health inequalities among children. This article in particular gives the reader the information needed to understand how living circumstances come about as well as how they affect health. Infant mortality rate or the number of newborns who die within their first year of life is considered to be one of the best ways to judge how healthy a population is. Low birth weight is also very important because it is affiliated with a wide range of health problems throughout a person’s lifespan. While there are many circumstances that play a role in infant mortality and low birth weight, a major component is living conditions the expected mothers are exposed to. This can be linked to the financial status of the parents. In Canada, the infant mortality rate is 60% higher and the low birth rate is 43% higher in the poorest income quintile than the richest quintile (Raphael, 2010). The effects of income on health are best portrayed by the living conditions to which children are exposed to. Income not only has a direct relationship with children’s health but various developmental outcomes as well. Income is a...
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...Introduction Canada boasts about being a multi-cultural mosaic, a land of opportunity, with a vision to build “a stronger Canada – a safe and secure country with a shared bond of citizenship and values; a country that continues to support our humanitarian tradition and draws the best from the world to help build a nation that is economically, socially and culturally prosperous” (Government of Canada, 2011). Yet a look at the income statistics for Canadian immigrants makes one wonder whom is prospering economically. Are Canadian immigrants given equal economic opportunity when they arrive here, or are they subject to economic inequality? To answer this question, one can first look at earnings statistics and reports from Statistics Canada. This information can provide basic earnings information on immigrants, which will show how much Canadian immigrants earn in comparison to their native Canadian counterparts. A few drawbacks of using this information are that the statistics haven’t been updated since 2006, so the numbers may not be completely accurate, and numbers alone do not tell the whole story. As such, peer reviewed research articles and papers on the subject of economic inequality in Canadian immigrants can be used. These articles and papers provide both qualitative and quantitative information that paints a clearer picture of the situation. However, many of these papers are usually biased towards writer’s point-of-view, so there may be a lack of complete information...
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...trade in Canada. • Trade and specialization. 6 • Trade domestic competition. 7-8 • Trade and productivity in Canada. 8-9 • Trade and prosperity in Canada. 9-10 • Trade and wages. 10 4. Internal trade barriers. 11-13 5. Conclusions. 14 6. References. 15 INTRODUCTION Canada has always been a country engaged in trade, although its inhabitants were not very willing to deal with it. Historically, Canada was a very large area, bigger in size in contrast with the number of residents. For this reason, there was always been a need to export the excess products. This situation slowly helped Canada to adopt commercial policy measures and the development of its commercial activity. In the last century, Canada has turned into a world sizable commercial power and has created a national economy that competes other great powers in the world trade. Canada relies in a big extend on trade in order to maintain living standards...
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...matter every nation is interlinked with each other, this issue of poverty cannot be overlooked. Important to note is that poverty today is not just a problem of third world countries like India, or Africa but developed nations like Canada, America and one major part of Europe are also pondering on this serious issue. Based on Salvation Army Report, 2011 “Canadians ranked poverty as the third most important issue facing the country today, after the economy and health care.” (S. Army, 1-8) Thus it underlines the fact that how poverty remains a cause of concern for developed countries like Canada. For a country like Canada where more than 1 in 10 Canadians between 18 to 65 live in poverty this fact highlights that how poverty is impacting people across different age groups. Poverty today is not about problem of one specific individual it is every body`s problem, if one part of society experiences success then the other part experiences poverty. Poverty eradication should be taken up as a matter of fundamental importance because of its direct impact on development of country. Definition of Poverty Important to understand is that what exactly is poverty? Basically poverty is a state or condition in which a person is unable to maintain a standard of living suitable to his physical and mental efficiency. In acute case of poverty people often fail to meet their basic set of requirements like food or...
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...than Canadians with high incomes. It is estimated that if the death rates of the highest income earners applied to all Canadians, more than one-fifth of all years of life lost before age 65 could be prevented.” Toward a healthy future: Second report on the health of Canadians Some perspective Minimum wage work is not distributed equally in Ontario: women, racialized workers and recent immigrants are more likely to be working for minimum wage. In 2011, the share of racialized employees at minimum wage is 47% higher than for the total population – 13.2% as compared to 9%. Fully 19.1% of recent immigrants are working at minimum wage, more than twice that of all employees. Young workers are much more likely to be working for minimum wage than those who are over 25. But almost 40% of the 183,000 Ontarians working for minimum wage were 25 years of age and over in 2011. The share of adult employees at minimum wage more than doubled between 2003 and 2011. However, the pace of increase was even faster for racialized adult employees and adult employees who are immigrants. Further, almost a million Ontarians are making between $10.25 and $14.25 an hour. The age distribution of low-wage employees shifts at this range: 61% of those making $10.25 to $14.25 are 25 years of age and over. The assignment This assignment...
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...© 2010 Pearson Education Canada Will the Canadian economy weaken through the next year and shrink, or will it remain strong and expand? To assess the state of the economy and to make big decisions about business expansion, firms use forecasts of GDP. What exactly is GDP? How do we use GDP to tell us whether our economy is in a recession or how rapidly our economy is expanding? How do we take the effects of inflation out of GDP to reveal the growth rate of our economic well-being? And how to we compare economic well-being across countries? © 2010 Pearson Education Canada Gross Domestic Product GDP Defined GDP or gross domestic product is the market value of all final goods and services produced in a country in a given time period. This definition has four parts: Market value Final goods and services Produced within a country In a given time period © 2010 Pearson Education Canada Gross Domestic Product Market Value GDP is a market value—goods and services are valued at their market prices. To add apples and oranges, computers and popcorn, we add the market values so we have a total value of output in dollars. © 2010 Pearson Education Canada Gross Domestic Product Final Goods and Services GDP is the value of the final goods and services produced. A final good (or service) is an item bought by its final user during a specified time period. A final good contrasts with an intermediate good, which is an item that is produced by one firm...
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...marriage. Most are avoiding marriage and just living together or having children out of wedlock. Marriage is an outdated practice because people cannot afford to have a wedding, cannot commit to a relationship, and cannot abide by old traditions. To begin with, most argue that money does not play a factor in true love, however, given that the people today cannot afford to have a wedding, the economy, cost, and wage...
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...Homelessness and poverty continues to be a problem across Canada and around the world. Homelessness is described as ‘the situation of an individual or family without stable, permanent, appropriate housing, or the immediate prospect, means and ability of acquiring it’ (Gaetz, Donaldson, Richter, & Gulliver, 2013, p.4). Homelessness can result from mental, cognitive, physical or behavioural challenges, or may result from societal barriers and discrimination (Gaetz et al., 2013). Gaetz, Gulliver, & Richter (2014) states that declining wages, reduced benefit levels including pensions and social assistance and a shrinking supply of affordable housing have placed more and more Canadians at risk of homelessness. According to recent estimates, each...
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...explain the relevant explanatory factors based on Simeon's framework. Article: How the minimum wage hike is playing out politically? http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/tim-hortons-minimum-wage-ontario-election-1.4485045 In Studying Public Policy, Richard Simeon outlines his framework for public policy in which policy is seen “as a consequence of the environment, of the distribution of power, of prevailing ideas, of institutional frameworks, and of the process of decision-making” (Simeon, 1976, p. 566). Also, Simeon’s explanations should be seen as complementary as each explanation contributes to another as “policy emerges from multiple...
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...between the United States, Canada and Mexico implemented in the early 1990s. The goal of NAFTA was to eliminate tariff barriers between the three Northern American countries in hopes to promote free trade and a stimulation in economic growth. Based on the economy of each country before and after NAFTA, it is fair to conclude that NAFTA was an overall successful because of the changes economically and socially to each country. Opposition to NAFTA during the early 1990s when its approval was in debate, voiced many concerns on how NAFTA would ultimately create problems economically, socially, and environmentally. Before NAFTA the United States was closely...
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...unsatisfying for cultivation. Most voyagers who arrived in Halifax were quit poor in England and came to find prosperity in this new country. This unfavourable appearance made passengers onboard the ships looking for a new prospective life in Halifax, wishing to take the long trip back to their homes in England. Even though immigrants today face the similar discouragement upon arriving to Canada, their motives are further discouraged by discrimination faced in their daily lives. Immigrants from rural Bangladesh face different experiences than those of urban Bangladesh upon arriving in Canada. Even so, the initial time in Canada is quite difficult to adapt. Further ignorance by several Canadians leads to cultures and religions being grouped to a specific title or cause especially for Middle Eastern immigrants. Some Canadians fear to allow Syrian refugees in their country because of fear of facing the terrors the Syrians face in their everyday lives. Citizens of Canada are related to those who have come from parts of Europe in quest for a new life style centuries ago. Several Canadians do not realize that Canada had once belonged to the First Nations people, who were eventually tortured and forced to give up their land to those European settlers. Introduction The emotional response from arriving to a new country is not...
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...sociology at Dalhousie University in Halifax. "But it's also a company that is a pioneer in hiring temporary foreign workers and so for this reason I think it's important to highlight Tim Hortons as an exemplar of how the temporary foreign worker program has changed and expanded. (Davison, 2012) The temporary foreign worker program has man is a resort companies use to hiring as they will have exhausted all other avenues for finding employees locally. It is a great program mainly for foreign workers who come and work in Canada and if they like it here they can apply for permanent residency. Unlike immigrants, temporary foreign workers come to Canada on restrictive visas and do not have the rights of permanent residents. Their admission to the country and employment are contingent on not taking opportunities and jobs away from Canadians. Statistics on temporary foreign workers vary widely, depending on how they are compiled. According to Citizenship and Immigration Canada, in 2000 there were...
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