...INTRODUCTION Olympics are mega-global event that attracts the attention worldwide with billions of audience watching on television, while millions flock to events as spectators. The media embraces the opportunity of covering every inch of the games. This kind of interest is what organisers face with no room for error in relation to external attacks or system failures of the event although risks are bound to occur to any project or program as in the case of Olympics. These risks may occur with a positive impact to the organisers though they dread to have negative risks, which causes ripple effect to the project. (Taylor, 2006) Getting everything right from the opening ceremony to closing ceremony, games schedules against venues, calls for a proper risk assessment to avoid any criticism. However, risks are such uncertain occurrences of events or condition to anticipate from the moment of the initial planning stages of bidding to host the Olympics Games. (Bartlett, 2004) 1.1 RISK HISTORY IN OLYMPICS (BACKGROUND) In 1972 Summer Olympics, Germany was the host nation of the games but unfortunately, terrorists struck and caused death to athletes. (Toohey and Veal, 2007) Figure 1: Source: The Sun publication Unlike the Munich massacre that involved the killing of athletes, a pipe bomb detonated at the Olympic village in Centennial Park in Atlanta, America-killing one woman and injuring over hundred people (Hails, 2008). Olympic Village...
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...Female Athletes Arise In 2012 Gender equality in the Olympics has been a common debate for years. The main argument from many is that women are always given the “short end of the stick” with little media attention compared to the men. Men are always given more clock time, mentions, and descriptions then women (Billings, 2008). This common trend has caused women in sports to falter, but in the 2012 London Olympic games female athleticism has seen a turn around and is now in the limelight. The London games have been dubbed “Year of the Women,” thus celebrating women in sports and giving them their own chance to shine. These award-winning female athletes are breaking down gender barriers and providing a sense of hope, inspiration, and confidence to not only female athletes but also women in general. Women’s athletics in the Olympics has been on the rise for years. Females were first allowed to participate in the 1900 Paris Olympics. From this point on, the number of athletes and events that women were allowed to participate in has continued to grow. In 2004, 40% of all the athletes were female. Since then, this number has increased to 42% in Beijing and 45% in the 2012 London games (IOC, 2008 & Haven, 2012). These results clearly show that female athletics has grown and is continuing to grow and become more popular. Reports show that for the first time in history the United States, whom is known to be an athletic powerhouse of male athletes, has sent more women...
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...The Olympic Games are a set of international sports competitions held every four years since 1896, regrouping over 10,500 athletes from different nations, participating to nearly 300 different sports (Australian Olympic Committee, 2009). They are one of the most renowned events in the world, and have the ability of attracting the attention of a worldwide audience and to produce important impacts on the country or region that hosts them. After hosting the Olympics two times in 1908 and 1948, London will beat the records this year by being the first country holding three Olympic Games and, in the same way as the previous Games, the 2012 Olympics are going to have major impacts on the country on several industries (Australian Olympic Committee, 2009). This essay will mainly discuss the political, social and economic long-term impacts that hosting the 2012 Olympic Games will have on the city of London in relation to the Events Industry. This first part of the essay will discuss the political impacts of the Olympics on the Events Industry. Over time, the Olympic Games have become “irreparably intertwined with politics” and have generated a good political image on the hosting country as they served as a tool of global publicity. Unfortunately, this hasn’t always been a positive thing as it often led to bribery and corruption. For example, in 1936 the Nazi Party used the Games to promote German superiority. This is why the International Olympics Committee (IOC) former...
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...of the bid for the London 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games, the London Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games (LOCOG), was assigned the duty to strategically devise the plans for executing “the world’s largest peace-time event” (“The Times100, 2012). Tremendous efforts go into the planning and development of a mega event such as the Olympic Games. The vision for the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games could potentially facilitate a substantial opportunity that will realize vast outcomes socially, culturally, economically and environmentally for the country beyond 2012 (“Times 100,”2012). However there are underlying concerns present that could potentially impact the local community, outweighing the benefits and the LOCOG’s efforts to achieve this vision. I will provide brief background information on the London 2012’s Olympic aspirations, and analyze the opportunities and debunk the concerns for the social, cultural, economic, and environmental aspects involved in delivering favorable results, according to the vision goals. I will follow with a discussion and analysis of the London 2012’s values and their effect on the goals of the Games. Then I will apply SMART methodology as a framework for measuring the London 2012 sustainability objectives. Finally I will evaluate opportunities for the local schools to become involved in the objective goals for London 2012. London 2012’s Vision Beyond the Olympic and Paralympic Games An established...
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...qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer...
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...the Olympic Games And the Opportunities for Multinational Corporations Written by: Erick Saunders For Class: BUSN 659 – Summer 2014 Professor Corson August 3rd, 2012. You walk into the Aquatics Center at the London Olympics looking towards watching Michael Phelps win Olympic Gold. The first thing you notice is a large digital clock sponsored by OMEGA. It’s 2 o’clock, you missed lunch and you have a craving for fries. Looking at all of the food vendors, you notice that only one place has fries on the menu. That one place happens to be McDonalds. Thirsty? You can only find Coca-Cola products; however , the offering from Coca-Cola is bigger than you ever imagined. There’s product you don’t even recognize. Perhaps it’s not an item familiar to your own country? This is all very strange; however, there is a very good reason as to why these things are happening. All of these companies are part of The Olympic Partner (TOP) program. By being part of the program, they have exclusive marketing rights at The Games. This paper describes such opportunities for these multinational companies. According to the International Olympic Committee, 10,568 athletes competed from 204 National Olympic Committees (NOCs). From a broadcasting standpoint, 172 of the 204 NOCs had on-site media coverage. Coverage potential was estimated to be 4.8 billion people. In America, NBC reached approximately 219 million spectators. YouTube exposed nearly 60 million viewers to the games in Asia...
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...become the one of the most popular cellphone type, even some of customers think Samsung is a company which one and professional manufacture to produce the cellphone. Marketing objective From the London Olympic campaign, they build the plan both for the long-term and short term. For the long term, the brand image and brand reputation will be improved by this campaign, because Samsung spend money on social marketing. This time, Samsung take the social responsibility for the UK’s customers, and encourage the customers who are watch the Olympic Games to do more exercise, join the Olympic and make the miracle (Samsung official web, 2011). Therefore, the audience will not forget the Samsung brand, and high frequency of brand exposure will helpful to improve the brand awareness. On the other hand, for the short term, the objective would be increased sales and introduce the new product to customers, Galaxy 3. Considering the opportunity to use push strategy to reinforce their new product, they provide the two type of limited edition Galaxy 3 to increase the new products sales. (Qu.A, 2012) On the other hand, during the Olympic campaign, Samsung provide the pin for their products; if the customers buy a Samsung Galaxy 3, they can get a pin for commemorate the London Olympic Games. This...
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...Case Study London 2012 and the Displacement Effect Case Study London 2012 and the Displacement Effect London 2012 and the Displacement Effect: Will British Tourism suffer during the Games? The impact of the greatest show on earth arriving on British shores can be quantified in many ways; in terms of its social, financial, environmental, economic and overall legacy impact. In terms of British tourism, much debate has arisen concerning the economic impact of the Games, and whether the Games will actually provide a positive or negative legacy for the sector. ECONOMIC IMPACT Economic impact can be defined as the measure of the spending and employment effects of a specific project. In the case of the London 2012 Games, the total economic impact can be considered to be the sum of direct, indirect, and induced impacts resulting from the Games. The direct impact of the Games includes the purchases of Games organisers in the preparation and execution of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. Indirect impacts are experienced by those companies and individuals who operate in the goods and service industries that supply the industries that receive expenditures by Games organisers. Induced impacts relate to the spending made by individuals who are employed either indirectly or directly by Games expenditures. The Cost of Hosting the Games The budget for the London 2012 Olympics currently stands at £9.35bn. This figure includes a £2.7bn contingency...
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...Macroeconomic Impacts of the Olympic Games In the summer, London played host for the prestigious Sporting Event which was the Olympic Games. During the Games, London was the world’s hottest spot with visitors, athletes and the media all converging in one place in order to take part and spectate the events. But even with so many potential customers during this time, did the games benefit the economy? The UK in total spent £9.325 billion on the games but did the huge investment pay off and how did that help other economic factors such as Unemployment and GDP growth or even Aggregate demand. The UK invested over 9 billion pounds on new facilities, improved transport and new transport links, infrastructure, safety precautions and accommodation in order to be adequate to host an Olympic Games as is requested by the International Olympic Committee. It was not only to impress the Committee but also to impress the public on how well equipped the Capital was in order to host the Games. The final budget of the games went over the original projected budget of £5.906 billion which was foreseen in November 2004 when London put forward their bid to host the games. This investment was claimed to be a small sacrifice and the economic benefits would surely outweigh it. According to the data above, we can see that overall the majority of money was spent on the core Olympic costs which include the venues, transport infrastructure, site security and programme management. According to Visa...
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...which achieves the vision of London 2012 Olympics as Everybody’s Games. It is incongruent to suppose maximum revenue and maximum attendance can both be achieved and therefore the critical problem is developing a strategy that affords the appropriate balance of emphasis to revenue or attendance. Previous host countries have had varying levels of success with their strategy and due to the unique context of the London 2012 games past approaches do not provide a definitive solution. This report utilises (model) to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the two propositions, evaluate the options for each and provide a recommended sales and marketing approach. Ultimately, the analysis identifies an attendance focused strategy will more likely achieve the vision and have longer term social benefits and revenue potential. 2 Introduction This report focuses on the responsibility of the Head of Ticketing, London Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games (LOCOG), to establish a sales and marketing strategy for the 7.9 million tickets available at the London 2012 Olympics. With the support of 70% of people in the UK, London’s Olympic bid was founded on three key aspects; firstly, the opportunity to socially and economically revitalise the disadvantaged area of East London; secondly, creating the first 100% public transport facilitated games, and ultimately, recognition of the London 2012 games as inclusive, fair and equitable - Everybody’s Games. Historically, delivering a...
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... Executive summary Basketball is one of the major Olympic sports. And Olympic presentation of it should be as good as possible, as millions of people will watch the action from East London closely. They all want an extraordinary exhibition and performance, so the constructions of a top quality Basketball Arena, which will successfully host the games, require a lot of attitude. It is essential to understand that the arena must be a part of an Olympic vision and should address all the proposals and ideas which Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) and London as a capital of Great Britain want to introduce during games and after them. It required a lot of effort, knowledge and an experience to achieve the overall goal in delivering basketball arena. In the end the project become one of the biggest of its type ever built for such an event. Several firms, agencies and organisations worked closely with each other to deliver a successful result on each stage of the project. Introduction The Basketball arena was a unique challenge. It was the first time a 12000 seat temporary arena with a span of almost 100 m had been built in UK. Because of the size, scale, complexity and the cost of the venue, it went through considerable scrutiny, deliberation and change throughout the course of 2006-2009. Location of Basketball arena was changed to the former site of the Fencing hall after Olympic and Paralympics Fencing and Paralympics Judo were moved to Excel venue in Docklands...
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...London 2012 Olympic Games Case Study Synopsis of Strategic Issues and Problems: For the 2012 London Olympic Games there are a number of important organizations involved. Understanding who they are and what role they play is important to understanding the responsibility relationships and the fiscal relationships related to the Games. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is the parent non-profit organization responsible for selecting the host city, establishing contractual guidelines, and managing the copyrights, trademarks and other assets of the Games. The London Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games (LOCOG) is entrusted with the responsibility of managing the 2012 Games. The Olympic Delivery Authority is the 2012 Games authority responsible for providing the infrastructure for these games. This includes the stadia, venues, transportation infrastructure, and the housing complex to feed and house the athletes, officials, and staff. Paul Williamson, Head of Ticketing for the 2012 London Games, works for the LOCOG. His challenge is to establish a pricing plan for the Games’ tickets and ensuring the venues are filled with fans to enjoy the summer Olympic Games. This is no small challenge. In order to understand the scope and magnitude of the ticketing responsibilities, it is important to understand the Games’ revenue sources and the magnitude of those sources. Five (5) primary revenue sources will exist from the London Games. They are television broadcast rights;...
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...Some of the measures LOCOG has taken to make the London Olympics sustainable include the creation of the Olympic Park on once-contaminated industrial land in east London's Lea Valley, the recycling of over 98 percent of waste during construction and the commitment to do the same in the demolition phase. Steiner listed LOCOG's accomplishments on a walk through Olympic Park. "London's clean-up of an old industrial site; the restoration of flows and habitat on the River Lea; the greening of supply chains; the low energy linked with the design and construction of the stadium, including utilizing old gas pipes for the facility's Olympic ring; and the use of temporary structures to reduce emissions are among the actions that can assist in inspiring the organizers of the Rio 2016 games and beyond," he said. This is the first time that a host city has committed to measure its carbon footprint over the entire term of the Olympic Games from construction to the finish line. UK Secretary of State for Environment Food and Rural Affairs Caroline Spelman said, "We are committed to building a future for everyone where the natural environment is not just protected, but valued as a national asset." "We are delighted to have set new standards in sustainable development, and to showcase the expertise and ingenuity of British companies in delivering a green Olympics so warmly welcomed by Mr. Steiner," she said. | Secretary Caroline Spelman, left, and other dignitaries introduce the One Planet...
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...sustainability credentials in an effort to ward off ongoing criticism of its sponsorship of the London 2012 Olympic Games. The brand is running a series of print advertisements highlighlighting its recycling efforts, healthy drink options and the amount of people it employees in the UK. One advertisement explains how the company is working with The London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) to ensure London 2012 is “the most sustainable Games in history”. Another declares that it “offers more choice than you think” and how it is “proud to offer 18 drinks including a variety that are are low and no calorie”. Each creative points consumers to its corporate responsibility and sustainability summary 2011/12 website to explain its efforts in more detail. A Coca-Cola spokeswoman says: “The Olympic Games provides a fantastic opportunity for us to raise awareness of the progress we, and our bottling partner Coca-Cola Enterprises, are making to deliver our sustainability commitments in the UK. The Olympics coming to the UK has helped us accelerate these plans and bring about lasting improvements within our operations.” A recent report by The Childrens’ Food Campaign, dubbed “The Obesity Games”, claimed that corporate sponsorship accounts for les than 10% of the funding for the London 2012 Olympics. Fast food sponsors are said to contribute just 2% of the International Olympic Committee’s income, which it criticised because they are given a huge platform to market...
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...the Olympics was good for London but bad for the Local people On the 6th July 2005 it was officially announced by the International Olympic Committee that the London was to host the 2012 Olympic Games. This was a big positive to east London, and the country itself because the regeneration of Stratford would bring numerous positive impacts that would last many years to come; also give the UK a good image to foreign countries, which will lead to a number of positives. The Olympic Games lead to a number of positives that can be split into social, economic and environmental. One of the social positives was that the 2012 Olympics created 9,000 new homes in the Olympic park alone, with nearby schools and health and community facilities. Another social pro is that the Olympics improved transport significantly, not only for East London but also for the capital city as a whole. In addition new schools and community centres will be built to accommodate the extra residents in Newham meaning there will be better education and a brighter community spirit in and around East London. Finally the new sports facilities will remain and can be enjoyed by athletes, visitors and local residents. Economic impacts created by the London Olympics were inevitable. One of which is that 12,000 new permanent jobs were created, many of which varying from managing new facilities, working in hotels, and transport links; temporary jobs were also created during the 7 years of construction and the Olympic games...
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