...Nestlé The Nestlé concept of corporate social responsibility as implemented in Latin America The Nestlé concept of corporate social responsibility as implemented in Latin America Nestec_latin_cover_GB.indd 1 9.2.2006 12:04:25 Nestec_latin_cover_GB.indd Sec1:2 9.2.2006 12:04:26 Contents An introductory discussion 2 A framework for Creating Shared Value 5 Nestlé’s philosophy: a long-term perspective 7 Latin America: challenges and opportunities 9 Overview: Nestlé in Latin America 1 1 Agriculture and sourcing 12 Sourcing practices for quality, safety and sustainability Research and development for better yields Knowledge transfer and farm assistance Partnerships for sustainable agriculture 16 17 20 23 Manufacturing and distribution 26 Food safety through improved standards of operations Risk management for food safety — Early Warning System Developing people Labour policies for mutual benefit Creation of development and employment opportunities in the community Improved environmental standards Managing water sustainably 30 31 33 34 Research for consumer benefit Consumer nutrition, health and wellness Knowledge and education for healthy nutrition and lifestyles 52 54 58 Nestlé’s future in Latin America 62 Products and consumers 48 Front, inside and back covers: Farmer Rufino Chindicué (front cover) and son Luis (inside back cover) supply milk to Nestlé. Three decades ...
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...It is ranked at 136 along with Equatorial Guinea while Sri Lanka strides ahead Over the past three decades, India has made good progress on the human development index (HDI), says the Human Development Report 2013, released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). However, India’s rank out of 187 countries is no better than last year’s. With a HDI value of 0.554 and a rank of 136 among 187 countries, which it shares with Equatorial Guinea, India is placed in the “medium development” category. There has been steady improvement in its HDI value, which was 0.345 in 1980. In 1950, Brazil, China and India together represented 10 per cent of the world economy, while the six traditional economic leaders of the North accounted for more than half. According to projections in the report, by 2050, Brazil, China and India will together account for 40 per cent of global output, far surpassing the projected combined production of today’s Group of Seven bloc. | | | HDI is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income indices used to rank countries in four tiers of human development. Since 2011, the UNDP report has included an inequality adjusted HDI, also known as IHDI, which attempts to include the effects of inequality on human development. The IHDI for India this year is 0.392. High gender inequality The country fails miserably on the front of gender equality. On the gender equality index, with a value of 0.610, India has one of the worst indicators...
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...defines the CCT as programs that provide cash benefits to finance the basic needs and foster investment in human capital to extremely poor households. These benefits are conditioned on certain behaviors, usually related to investments in nutrition, health, and education. The emergence of CCT programs occurred during the late 1990s, with Mexico’s innovative Progresa (now Opurtunidades) program emerging as one of the earliest schemes in 1997. The evidences highlighting the effectiveness of Progresa motivated a rise in similar programs across Latin America. Throughout the late 1990s and into the early part of the new century, CCT programs were implemented in Honduras, Brazil and Nicaragua. CCT programs are presently being implemented in several Latin American countries including Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Jamaica, Mexico, and several more. Indonesia and Pakistan are only some of the Asian countries which employ the...
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...Malnutrition in Bangladesh 1. Introduction: Malnutrition is globally the most important risk factor for illness and death, contributing to more than half of deaths in children worldwide. It is one of the most important underlying causes of child mortality in developing countries, particularly during the first 5 years of life; the major causes for this are poverty, world conflicts, lack of education, natural disasters and poor access to health care. Nearly one-third of children in the developing world are malnourished. The effects of changing environmental conditions in increasing malnutrition are multifactorial. Poor environmental conditions may increase insect and protozoal infections and also contribute to environmental deficiencies in micronutrients. Overpopulation, more commonly seen in developing countries, can reduce food production, leading to inadequate food intake or intake of foods of poor nutritional quality. Conversely, the effects of malnutrition on individuals can create and maintain poverty, which can further hamper economic and social development. Bangladesh being the eighth most populous country in the world, and one of the poorest a significant progress has been made in recent years in reducing the incidence of poverty and malnutrition, the fact remains that roughly half of its 15.5 million citizens live in deprivation, while roughly half of all children under 6 years show some evidence of chronic malnutrition. Poverty and malnutrition in Bangladesh...
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...2 The Global Marketing Environment CHAPTER 2 The Global Economic Environment Case 2-1 The Global Economic Crisis I n his 1997 book One World, Ready or Not, William Greider described the United States as “the buyer of last resort.” Greider explained that, for many years, the United States was the only nation that was willing to absorb production surpluses exported by companies in Europe, Asia, and Latin America. Greider asked: “Who will buy the surpluses when the United States cannot?” The conventional wisdom has long held that strong spending by consumers in other nations would keep the world economy humming. However, by 2008, Greider’s question was taking on a new urgency and the conventional wisdom was being tested. An economic crisis that had its roots in lax subprime mortgage lending practices began to spread around the globe. In the United States, where the crisis began, economic misery was widespread: The housing market collapsed, real estate values plummeted, credit tightened, and job growth slowed (see Exhibit 2-1). As the price of oil passed the $100 per barrel benchmark, the average price of a gallon of gasoline rose to $4. American consumers were, indeed, less willing and less able to buy. However, the crisis was not confined to the United States alone. Consumer-goods exporters in Asia, which Exhibit 2-1: The bursting of the global real estate bubble was only one aspect of the worst recession in decades. The ripple effects from the economic turmoil...
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...Overview Printable Version (PDF) Tell a Friend Genetically-modified foods (GM foods) have made a big splash in the news lately. European environmental organizations and public interest groups have been actively protesting against GM foods for months, and recent controversial studies about the effects of genetically-modified corn pollen on monarch butterfly caterpillars1, 2 have brought the issue of genetic engineering to the forefront of the public consciousness in the U.S. In response to the upswelling of public concern, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) held three open meetings in Chicago, Washington, D.C., and Oakland, California to solicit public opinions and begin the process of establishing a new regulatory procedure for government approval of GM foods3. I attended the FDA meeting held in November 1999 in Washington, D.C., and here I will attempt to summarize the issues involved and explain the U.S. government's present role in regulating GM food. What are genetically-modified foods? The term GM foods or GMOs (genetically-modified organisms) is most commonly used to refer to crop plants created for human or animal consumption using the latest molecular biology techniques. These plants have been modified in the laboratory to enhance desired traits such as increased resistance to herbicides or improved nutritional content. The enhancement of desired traits has traditionally been undertaken through breeding, but conventional plant breeding methods can...
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...Secretary ALICIA BÁRCENA Deputy Executive Secretary Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean economic commission for latin america and the caribbean C E P A L Review NUMBER 85 APRIL 2005 SANTIAGO, CHILE OSCAR ALTIMIR Director REYNALDO BAJRAJ Deputy Director The CEPAL Review was founded in 1976 and is published three times a year by the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, which has its headquarters in Santiago, Chile. The Review, however, has full editorial independence and follows the usual academic procedures and criteria, including the review of articles by independent external referees. The Review is distributed to universities, research institutes and other international organizations, as well as to individual subscribers, and is also consulted extensively on the Internet. The purpose of the Review is to contribute to the discussion of socio-economic development issues in the region by offering analytical and policy approaches and articles by economists and other social scientists working both within and outside the United Nations. Accordingly, the editorial board of the Review extends its readers an open invitation to submit for publication articles analysing various aspects of economic and social development in Latin America and the Caribbean. The opinions expressed in the signed articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organization. The designations employed...
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...CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS A World Bank Policy Research Report CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS REDUCING PRESENT AND FUTURE POVERTY Ariel Fiszbein and Norbert Schady with Francisco H.G. Ferreira, Margaret Grosh, Nial Kelleher, Pedro Olinto, and Emmanuel Skoufias ©2009 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: feedback@worldbank.org All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 5 12 11 10 09 This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions...
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...MANAGEMENT: CULTURE, STRATEGY, AND BEHAVIOR, EIGHTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions © 2009, 2006, and 2003. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States. This book is printed on recycled, acid-free paper containing 10% postconsumer waste. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 QDB/QDB 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 978-0-07-811257-7 MHID 0-07-811257-5 Vice President & Editor-in-Chief: Brent Gordon Vice President, EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Meriwether-David Editorial Director: Paul Ducham Managing Developmental Editor: Laura Hurst Spell Developmental Editor: Jane Beck Associate Marketing Manager: Jaime Halteman Project Manager: Erin Melloy Buyer: Kara Kudronowicz Design Coordinator: Margarite Reynolds Cover Designer: Studio Montage, St. Louis, Missouri Cover Images: Top to bottom, © Mark...
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...Haiti From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Republic of Haiti République d'Haïti Repiblik Ayiti Flag Coat of arms Motto: "L'Union Fait La Force" (French) "Linyon Fe Lafòs" (Haitian Creole) "Strength through Unity" Anthem: La Dessalinienne Capital (and largest city) Port-au-Prince 18°32′N 72°20′W / 18.533°N 72.333°W / 18.533; -72.333 Official languages French, Haitian Creole Ethnic groups Black 95%; Mulatto and White 5%[1] Demonym Haitian Government Presidential republic - President René Préval - Prime Minister Michèle Pierre-Louis Formation - as Saint-Domingue 1697 - Independence from France 1 January 1804 Area - Total 27,751 km2 (147th) 10,714 sq mi - Water (%) 0.7 Population - 2007 estimate 8,706,497[2] (85th) - 2003 census 8,527,817 - Density 335/km2 (38th) 758.1/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2007 estimate - Total $11.150 billion[3] (133th) - Per capita $1,291[3] (154th) GDP (nominal) 2007 estimate - Total $6.031 billion[3] - Per capita $698[3] Gini (2001) 59.2 (high) HDI (2007) ▲ 0.529 (medium) (146th) Currency Gourde (HTG) Time zone (UTC-5) Drives on the right Internet TLD .ht Calling code 509 Haiti (pronounced /ˈheɪtiː/; French Haïti pronounced [aiti]; Haitian Creole: Ayiti), officially the Republic of Haiti (République d'Haïti ; Repiblik Ayiti), is a Creole- and French-speaking Caribbean country. Along with the Dominican Republic...
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...Impact of the economic recession on the pharmaceutical sector February 2010 I.M. Buysse (UU) Supervised by: R.O. Laing (WHO) A.K. Mantel (UU) WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY & PHARMACEUTICAL POLICY ANALYSIS Impact of the economic recession on the pharmaceutical sector Table of contents Executive summary ................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Background ............................................................................................................................................. 8 History of recessions ............................................................................................................................................................. 8 Asian Crisis 1997-2000 .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Economic crisis 2008-2009.................................................................................................................................................. 12 WHO involvement in assessing the impact of the recession .............................................................................................. 14 Hypotheses ...................
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...promising or successful experiences in country efforts to move towards the various Goals, and to gain understanding of the factors contributing to this progress. The focus of the papers is therefore on the national and local level; on country-led (rather than UN) efforts; and on a range of immediate and underlying factors that appear to be important or essential in enabling progress under differing conditions and country circumstances. The papers do not present or represent formal, official UN policy positions. Rather, they reflect the collective analytical efforts of the MDG Task Force, as endorsed by the UN Development Group, in an effort to bring ideas and suggestions, based on country and field experience, to the attention of UN Member States and development practioners everywhere. We hope that, as such, the papers provide a valuable contribution to the continuing discussions on policies, programmes, advocacy, financing and other conditions which are needed to achieve broad-based and sustained progress towards development goals, particularly for...
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...Index Introduction------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 Diversity Amid Globalization-------------------------------------------------------5 The Changing Global Environment----------------------------------------------11 North America---------------------------------------------------------------------------12 Latin America---------------------------------------------------------------------------23 The Caribbean--------------------------------------------------------------------------27 Sub-Saharan Africa-------------------------------------------------------------------31 Southwest Asia and North Africa------------------------------------------------32 Europe------------------------------------------------------------------------------------34 The Russian Domain-----------------------------------------------------------------39 Central Asia-----------------------------------------------------------------------------42 East Asia---------------------------------------------------------------------------------45 South Asia-------------------------------------------------------------------------------47 Southeast Asia-------------------------------------------------------------------------50 Australia and Oceania---------------------------------------------------------------57 Conclusion------------------------------------------------------------------------------60 Bibliography----------------------------------------------------------------------------61 ...
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...Agriculture and Rural Development Discussion Paper 3 The World Bank Coffee Markets New Paradigms in Global Supply and Demand Bryan Lewin Daniele Giovannucci Panos Varangis First printing or Web posting: March 2004 ©The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Agriculture and Rural Development Department 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20433 Agriculture and Rural Development Discussion Papers is an informal series produced by the Agriculture and Rural Development Department of the World Bank. These papers raise concepts and issues for discussion in the broader development community and describe ongoing research and/or implementation experiences from the Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions are the authors’ and should not be attributed to the World Bank, its management, its Board of Executive Directors, or the countries they represent. Some of the numbers quoted are estimates or approximations and may be revised at a later stage. About the authors Bryan Lewin was previously the Economist of the Association of Coffee Producing Countries and now works in the Agriculture and Rural Development department of the World Bank on commodities and risk management. Daniele Giovannucci is a former corporate executive and market strategies expert. He advises international agencies and governments and is a senior consultant for The World Bank Group. Panos Varangis is a Lead Economist in the Agricultural and Rural Development department of the World...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON INFORMAL SECTOR Submitted By: Ameen Gupta- 2009tt10774 Parvej- 2009tt10813 Siddarth Sachdeva- 2009ph10746 INTRODUCTION Globalization comes up with the process of more interconnection between various entities like nations, organizations, individuals, etc. This interaction creates the migration of human resources, technology transfer, capital flow, etc. Thereby, this process of globalization results in the increase in quality, quantity or production and thus makes various organizations profitable. In the race of survival, it enhances the competition level among various players in terms of their brand value set according to the needs of the people. This phenomenon of competition plays a crucial role for these existing service providing players as well as for the end consumer or public at large. For service providing players, it decides the cost benefit analysis and makes it less generally due to the presence of various other players simultaneously. For public, it makes things easily available and at comparatively low prices of varied varieties. The phenomenon of globalization also generates employment. These jobs are largely created in formal sectors. It also results in employment increase in the informal sector. The formal sector is directly visible in a country and is under scrutiny and supervision of the government through various trade and tax laws. This sector provides people the job security, standard working conditions and wage...
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