...As it was stated in Luther and the Protestant Reformation: Crash Course World History, Martin Luther was a key player that shaped the reformation. The reform of the church was something that is known as a paradigm shift. A paradigm shift is a revolution of thoughts and ideas that displace the norms that had existed previously (Williams, 1.3). Before the reformation, Roman Catholicism was the single most common religion of its time. (Protestant Reformation: Crash Course World History, Martin Luther). During this time, the church itself stressed two things that would give a person righteousness. The first being human effect and the second was God’s grace ( A History of Western Society, pg. 388). Martin Luther believed that salvation and righteousness...
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...During the Reformation back when times were rough and most people were poor and had only religion to look up to, protests began and those protests had followers called Protestants. Among those protesters were Martin Luther, who was a very religious man. And King Henry VIII, who was a very rich king that had many wives. Let’s start with Martin Luther. Martin Luther took a trip to the Roman Catholic Church and was surprised. Martin was a surprised, but not in a good way. All through the city and church, people were “buying their way to heaven” which was something the Pope promised them. The pope had issued that in order to go to heaven and take time off your purgatory, you had to purchase a certificate from the pope. Upon this, you had to pay for admission to see and pray at the relics. Martin was disgusted at these sights, he knew none of these things were stated in the Bible. Martin had to start a protest against papal authority and post what we know as “The 95 These”. Martin had found 95 things wrong that the church did that was not true to the Bible. MAny people followed Martin and eventually, he copied the Bible in their language so everyone could read and see the word of God, not the Pope....
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...PAPER 1 – MARTIN LUTHER PRESENTED TO PROFESSOR MARK NICKENS FOR CHHI 302 – DO1 BY REV. JOSEPH T. WHITAKER, III LU23755920 LIBERTY UNIVERSITY LYNCHBURG VIRGINIA NOVEMBER 6, 2014 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 BIOGRAPHY------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN THEOLOGICAL POINTS------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAJOR EVENTS-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SIGNIFICANT WRITINGS-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONCLUSION----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BIBLIOGRAPHY-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Introduction It has often been stated and thought that Martin Luther was the founder and originator of the Protestant Reformation. Was Martin Luther the founder of the Protestant Reformation? The historical record reveals...
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...Martin Luther During the time before Martin Luther’s introduction and changes to Christianity, several immoral and dishonest traditions were in play that Martin Luther was objected to. At the time, it was believed by the general public that one would enter heaven by doing good deeds. But the problem was that Martin Luther didn’t feel that he was worthy of going to heaven even though he had done many. As he read Paul in the New Testament, he was struck by the idea that a person can enter heaven by having faith alone. Astounded, he took this idea and taught it to the general public. He proved that rituals and other practices were useless for a person’s redemption. What Luther also disliked was the form of abuses the church used to make money....
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...The Two Most Significant Social or Political Changes by Martin Luther Nefertiti Aziz GKE TASK 2A Western Governors University There are many great reformers of history like Mohandas Gandhi, Nelson Mandela and Benazir Bhutto but I chose to write my essay on Martin Luther who in my opinion one of the greatest reformers of all time . Without even planning to Martin Luther would become one of the great reformers of Christianity and alter the course of Christianity and Western past forever. To me the two most significant social or political changes that occurred as a result of the actions of Martin Luther was the writing of the “Ninety-Nine Theses” with led to the protestant reformation and the translation of the bible in Germany Born to father Hans and mother Margaretta in Eisleben, Germany, in 1483, Martin Luther was one of a family of ten. Although Martin was born in Eisleben his father Hans a prominent business moved his family to Mansfeld and from there Martin went on to become one of the most significant figures in history. In his younger year Martin Luther spent his time as monk and scholar but in 1517 Martin Luther produced a document condemning the Catholic Church's unethical customs of retailing “pleasures” to pardon wickedness. His “Ninety-Five Theses”, which promoted two central beliefs, the first belief is that the Bible is the fundamental religious authority and the second was that individuals may grasp...
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...Donald Lee Prof: Amy Wallhermfechtel World History since 1500 February 10, 2016 The Reformation and the Scientific Method World History It is difficult to have an accurate idea of how much you currently owe to Martin Luther and the movement that originated around their thinking. Historically we can say that somehow upset the religious, social, economic, cultural and political order of his time. But, Martin Luther did not agree with what the Catholic Church was doing. Martin Luther started his own way when he knew that the Catholic Church was ecclesiastical corruption and lack of religious piety. Then, Luther created the Reformation so the west divided in two that was the Catholic Church and the other were building their own churches. By this many people started making their own believing. The Protestant Reformation movement has generated many changes in the lives of people and western society. Martin Luther changed the world for failing to be a monk for the Catholic Church and start their own faith. He started a movement called the Reformation. Luther began to increase their movement more people and talking to them and told them everything bad that by the Catholic Church. Thanks to this, people began to believe in the Reformation was a Catholic idea, but none of this was under the Catholic Church this was by Martin Luther believing. The Scientific Revolution was a time associated primarily with the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, when new ideas and knowledge...
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...Bryce Leveroos World Civ 12/8/2014 Machiavelli, Luther, Loyola: Three Names within an Era of Reformation Niccolo Machiavelli, Martin Luther, and Ignatius of Loyola were three contemporaries of the early sixteenth century, all of which had recognized a theological-political crisis in their age. In 1546 Catholicism was under siege by a new and troublesome adversary葉he Reformation. In one fell swoop, the Christian World was cleft in twain. Ignatius and Martin Luther had both been active in the Protestant Reformation, while Martin Luther had been a driving force for the Protestant Reformation, Ignatius on the other hand was the founder of the Illuminati and Jesuit Order which led the Counter-Reformation. The Jesuit Order was to become the most vile, bloody and persecuting order in the Roman Catholic church. This order was an elaborate spy system, so that no one in the order was safe. If there was any opposition, death was imminent and swift. Martin Luther had dedicated himself to the Augustinian order, devoting himself to fasting, long hours in prayer, pilgrimage, and frequent confession. In 1507 he was ordained to the priesthood, and in 1508 he was sent to teach Theology at the newly founded University of Wittenberg, later being called to the position of Doctor in Bible. Martin Luther had started the Reformation with a copy of his Disputation of Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences�?which came to be known as The Ninety-Five Theses. He had also...
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...The Protestant Reformation The Protestant Reformation was the 16th century religious and political revolution that disintegrated the Catholic Church. This reformation would define Europe in the modern era. Martin Luther, John Calvin and Henry VIII contested the Church’s power and its faculty to divide Christian religion. On October 31, 1517 Martin Luther published his “95 Theses” which led to start the Protestant Reformation, in which it stated Luther’s terms of his protest against the Catholic Church. Martin Luther argued that Jesus died on the cross for our salvation; therefore, there was no need for lavish cathedrals and offerings that the Catholic Church was accustomed to. Also, he was opposed to the practice of the church collecting indulgences in order to shorten ones stay in purgatory. These indulgences were said to pave the way to heaven for any sinner. In Martin Luther’s 95 Theses the mentions the following: “Those who believe that, through letters of pardon, they are made sure of their own salvation will be eternally dammed along with their teacher”. After the Church’s unsuccessful rebuttal, they ended up excommunicating Luther in 1521. Luther went on to translating the bible into vernacular German, which up to this point was only in Latin and only available to priests who were they only ones who read and interpreted the bible to the masses. Luther’s translation was not word for word but rather sense for sense, which would help ordinary people, read the bible...
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...PAPER 1 (PROTESTANT REFORMATION) DOUGLAS HOLLOWAY STUDENT ID# 23766838 CHHI 302_DO5_201340 FALL 2013 DR. KEITH GOAD LIBERTY UNIVERSITY NOVEMBER 05, 2013 As a result of increased corruption in the Catholic Church, a significant number of priests in the 16th century tried to transform Christianity back to its previous Biblical basis and simplicity. Initially, priests channeled much of their efforts in reforming the church, but they discovered that it was very challenging, and the only viable solution was to split completely from the Catholic Church. There were four movements as a result of the reformation events. They include the Anglicans, Lutherans, Reformed Tradition (Calvin), and the Anabaptists. Key figures in the Protestants or protesters included John Knox, John Calvin, Zwingli, and Martin Luther. More doctrinal distinctions became obvious, and the previously integrated Christianity split into numerous warring groups. Between the 16th and 17th centuries, thousands of individuals were murdered as a result of Christian religion. In the current world, Protestants and Catholics in the spirit of ecumenism regard themselves as “brothers in Christ”. Martin Luther was in charge of Lutheranism and Anglicanism, Ulrich Zwingli for Reformed Churches, and Anabaptist and John Calvin broke with the beliefs of the Lutherans. The prominent figures in the reformed movement are discussed in details in this paper. Martin Luther (1843-1546) Martin Luther, a German reformer...
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...Social and Political Consequences of the Protestant Reformation The Catholic Church had become increasingly corrupt due to the selling of indulgences, clerical ignorance, pluralism and absenteeism. In desperate need of improvement and restructuring, a man named Martin Luther began a religious reformation. Luther was opposed to the selling of indulgences, believed the key to salvation was by faith alone and that the scriptures of the bible held all authority. The ideals of Martin Luther, radically different from those of the Roman Catholic Church, created a religious reform disturbing politics throughout Europe and changing society. Numerous political effects occurred because of the Protestant Reformation, which consequently happened because of Luther’s reforms. The area that was affected most by the Reformation was Germany. Luther was favored there and he gained support by appealing to German patriotism and evoking a national pride and feeling that influenced many princes. Luther stated that the only way Reformation could come about was by the princes to abolish papal power. This happened when Charles V excommunicated Luther and the German princes did not enforce the banning of Luther’s teachings. Charles V was also to blame for the disintegration of imperial authority because during his reign, he never took an interest in the constitutional problems of Germany that were left over from the Middle Ages. Germans princes used the religious issues as a way to extend political...
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...Introduction A reformation reader is a book edited by Denis Janz in which he brings lesser known documents and figures to luminosity. Janz makes the context reformation clearer by including the pre-Reformation Catholic sentiments authors and discussing about the Counter Reformation and the Catholic Council of Trent. He brings up different scholarly arguments on how to interpret the Reformation. Janz tries us much as he can to stay neutral and give explanations on what the questions are. He therefore, provides documents that hold the ability to place challenges on both viewpoints and supports a study of the texts themselves. In his book, Janz includes opinions explaining the significance of both Martin Luther and John Calvin. This paper is therefore, intended on highlighting the significance of these two individuals and contrasting the opinions contained in writings of each. The significance of Martin Luther Many people wonder why there exists a great fuss over martin Luther and the Protestant reformation. They also don’t understand how and why this German monk turned out to be a lightning rod for change in religion and community in Europe during the Renaissance. Many people also do not comprehend the significance of the circumstances and the importance Luther and his persuade on the Reformation and how it affects them in the present days. Back in 1520 Luther was thought of as an insightful church leader and other thought of him as an ecclesiastical terrorist. His thoughts...
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...Caused by the 95 theses written by Martin Luther in 1517, the Protestant Reformation made significant changes on Western civilization. It altered the way people worshipped God and allowed for people to establish their own belief system. The Protestant Reformation allowed for a new definition of what it means to be civilized in Europe. People discovered, and took advantage of their freedom of religion. The Reformation did in fact contribute to a more civilized society because of its development of religious diversity, and its gradual separation between church and state. One of Martin Luther’s teachings states “On the matter of religious practice, is it better to follow one’s conscience?” (Notes Packet - The Reformation Begins; Mr. Johnson) Obviously,...
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...Martin Luther was born in 1483 and died in 1546. There is lots written about him, taught about him and read about him. He was one of the biggest figures of the Protestant Reformation and very influential in the practices of christianity today. Not many people have changed the course of history like he has. Martin Luther was born in November of 1483. He is born into a society that swears by the Church and Christianity. The people up until then knew of no other life. He devotes his life to becoming a Monk, but once he reaches that point, he becomes unsure that the church can offer him what he is looking for. Luther goes to Rome to visit the capital of Catholicism. When he arrives, he is devastated to find the center of Christianity is flooded...
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...207 Renaissance, Protestant, and Roman Catholic Churches Struggle for Power During the early modern period, from the 14th to the 17th centuries, Europe went through transformations in religious, cultural, and intellectual terms. Mainly due to these changes were the competing perspectives of the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, and the Roman Catholic Church on the nature and role of the Church within Christianity. The Renaissance originated in Italy and spread through Europe, marking a rise of classical learning, humanism, and artistic achievement. It focused on a rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman texts, generating a renewed interest in secular knowledge and creativity. The Renaissance greatly influenced...
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...rebellion, Luther did not give up. Luther showed resiliency by returning to Wittenberg Church on May 1522. He was able to avoid being caught and began his own Church called Lutheranism. Many people started to follow his Church including German princes. German Peasants were encouraged by him and started a rebellion in Luther’s name. In 1524 a peasant revolt began. During the peasant’s rebellion, places such as libraries and convents were all burned. This act of violence enraged Luther because this is not what he had in mind when he wanted to reform. His response to all of the violence was distributed in a handout entitled "Against the Murderous, Thieving Hordes of Peasants" written after his arrival to Wittenberg, the writing clarified his teachings,...
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