...Discussion Question No. 1: How does advertising shape our consumer patterns? Give specific examples of your own experience. Even though it may seem hard to admit, advertising does indeed impact our consumer patterns in many ways. For example, have you ever bought an item because it is the latest model? Have you ever purchased an item because a famous celebrity has promoted it? Have you ever become suddenly hungry at midnight while watching a fast food commercial? These are merely examples of how advertising has shaped our lives, culture and personal needs. In my case, I had recently purchased an Iphone 3gs when the 4g was launched to the market and I suddenly had the immediate need of having the newest version even though I did not qualify for the discount. I was willing to pay whatever. Another example is that I have plenty of shoes but if I see one on sale, I most definitely will need that pair as well. Discussion Question No. 2: What issues arising from advertising do you think are the most problematic? Why? One of the most important issues that arise from advertising are manipulation and appealing to personal feelings or emotions when trying to convince an individual to purchase any given item. Manipulation is one of the most odd and insensible techniques that arise from advertising. Salesmen particularly use this technique most often. Advertising has indeed and increasingly promoted consumerism. Consumerism may be good for companies or sellers...
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...HOST COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE AND MASS MEDIA USE AMONG A SAMPLE OF CHINESE ESL STUDENTS by JUN QIAN A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Education in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada August, 2009 Copyright © Jun Qian, 2009 ii ABSTRACT This qualitative study investigated Chinese ESL students’ use of host mass media and how such use enabled them to acquire host communication competence and acculturation from their perspective. It was grounded on Kim’s theory of communication and cross-cultural adaptation and the uses and gratifications theory, and employed a phenomenography approach. Nine participants at a university in Ontario were involved in this study. Data obtained from media use logs, think-aloud protocols, and follow-up interviews provided a fairly far-reaching and detailed description of the participants’ uses, reasoning, and effects of using host mass media. The analysis of data illustrated that these students used a variety of media as sources of information, language acquisition, culture learning, entertainment, and communication. Findings suggest that host mass media were the major influence on these students’ acquisition of host communication competence, perceptions of and acculturation to Canada. Their reliance on mass communication went into the later years of their acculturation process, and complemented their language and culture learning, which was somewhat...
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...Student’s Name: Institution of Learning: Instructor’s Name: Course Name: Research Paper, Journalism, mass media and communication Big data tactics In recent times, the world is experiencing a data revolution especially in the fields of marketing, politics health and sports just to mention a few. In essence, scientist and journalist are trying to present the world to the ordinary citizen in terms of data. Therefore, one is left to wonder how this vast amount of data is analyzed. In addition, what models are being used to analyze such data and what is their accuracy. More so what assumptions are made when analyzing the figures? When these factors are keenly considered, there emerges an ethical issue that surrounds the whole process. For example, are the figures being used to forecast or tell the true position of an issue or are they being used as tolls to manipulate people. Advertisers and users of advertisements have embraced on the help availed by the use of big data tactics. A good illustration to this is the campaign teams’ especially for political career. Many politicians have found the use of opinion polls helpful because they are able to manipulate them. In such a case, the users of such polls (voters) are deceived to believing that a given candidate is well ahead of other opponents (Fahy 1-2). To conclude, the role being played by big data tactics is enormous and helpful to advertisers or sellers. However, when used for personal gain thus hiding the true position...
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...Table of Contents Chapter 1 Mass Media Literacy 2 Chapter 2 Media Technology 16 Chapter 3 Media Economics 33 Chapter 4 Ink on Paper 49 Chapter 5 Sound Media 64 Chapter 6 Motion Media 80 Chapter 7 New Media Landscape 96 Chapter 8 News 112 Chapter 9 Entertainment 128 Chapter 10 Public Relations 144 Chapter 11 Advertising 160 Chapter 12 Mass Audiences 176 Chapter 13 Mass Media Effects 192 Chapter 14 Mass Media and Governance 209 Chapter 15 Mass Media Globalization 225 Chapter 16 Media Law 241 Chapter 17 Ethics 258 Chapter 1 Mass Media Literacy 1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Media researchers at Ball State University found that people are intentionally involved in a media activity for __________ percent of their waking hours. A) 1 B) 10 C) 30 D) 60 Answer: C, Topic: Media Ubiquity Page Ref: 3 2) Traditionally, mass communication is defined as the technology-assisted transmission of messages to A) print journalists. B) interpersonal audiences. C) mass audiences. D) only niche audiences. Answer: C, Topic: Media Ubiquity Page Ref: 4-5 3) According to the research firm Nielsen, the medium that is used much more per day than other media is A) music. B) magazines. C) television. D) newspapers. Answer: C, Topic: Media Ubiquity Page Ref: 4 4) Mass media have become so integrated into people’s lives that __________ is common. A) mainstreaming B) media multitasking C) writing letters...
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...Mass Media Mass media are means of communication that are used to reach the general public for the purpose of creating audiences for information, artistic expression, and other kinds of messages. Although the word mass suggests large numbers of people, the term is subjective, with standards of measurement relative to the normal capabilities of a given medium. For example, 1 million books sold nationally is more impressive than a national television audience of 1 million viewers. The word media is also commonly used as an aggregate noun to refer to the entire industry, often because of a perceived homogeneity or sameness of point of view. Because the ability to reach large segments of the public is of great value in commerce, politics, and a society's culture, the mass media are usually controlled by corporations (as in the United States) or by national governments (as in China). The mass-media industry employs professionals to conceive, produce, promote, and deliver communication products that are specifically designed to meet the goal of attracting large audiences. These products may be sold as objects (such as books or digital videodiscs [DVDs]), exhibited for the price of a ticket or subscription (such as movies shown in cinemas or on premium or pay-for-view cable TV channels), or offered at no cash cost to consumers so as to create an audience for paid advertising (such as commercial television or radio broadcasts). Some of the mass media use combinations of these funding...
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...Abstract: Mass Communication is often use in today’s modern society to establish the superior communication and the simplest way for everyone to get information. We will uncover that Mass Media also has a theory and we will find out more definition of it from the other developers who will give us more idea. For today, we are definitely living in communication and in an information-filled society, where in every day in our lives we uses it. As I check my notes in Speech and Oral Communication, I have read that Mass Communication is a communication that uses mass media like radio, television, ads, prints and films, and as I research even via internet is part of mass media. Through reading, I found out that the technology has the biggest share in mass media. According to Arthur Asa Berger (1995) “mass communication involves the use of print or electronic media, such as newspapers, magazines, film, radio, or television, to communicate to large numbers of people who are located in various places- often scattered all over the country or world” (pg. 9). Mass Communication is a process in which a person or a group of people and organization sends their message to the large group of people or massively spread out the information through the use of technologies in mass media. It thinks about the effects of mass media’s information to the receiver’s emotion, opinion, behavior and attitude. Mass media also has a theory. According to George Gerbner and Marshall McLuhan (1976), Cultivation...
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...Mass media refers to communication devices, which can be used to communicate and interact with a large number of audiences in different languages. Be it the pictorial messages of the early ages, or the high-technology media that are available today, one thing that we all agree upon, is that mass media are an inseparable part of our lives. Entertainment and media always go hand in hand, but in addition to the entertainment, mass media also remain to be an effective medium for communication, dissemination of information, advertising, marketing, and in general, for expressing and sharing views, opinions, and ideas. Mass media is a double-edged sword which means that there are positive as well as negative influences of media. Print Media Print media encompasses mass communication through printed material. It includes newspapers, magazines, booklets and brochures, house magazines, periodicals or newsletters, direct mailers, handbills or flyers, billboards, press releases, and books. Newspapers: Newspapers enjoyed the position of the most preferred medium to reach a wider audience until electronic communication emerged on the media scene. In the early days, newspapers were the only medium that masses at large depended on, for daily news. A newspaper carries all kinds of communication related to a variety of topics like politics, socialism, current affairs, entertainment, finance, stocks, etc. Apart from this, it also includes topics which are in lighter vein like cartoons,...
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...Rethinking Mass Communication and Mass Media Bruce Mutsvairo: Defining Mass Communication • Mass communication refers to ways through which individuals and organizations use mass media to disseminate information to large segments of the population at the same time. • Newspapers, magazine publishing, radio, television, film and lately the Internet help the media relay information to targeted audiences • The study is mostly centred on evaluating media effects on society • ‘Mass’ refers to the media’s ability to simultaneously reach out to a wider audience. Characteristics of Mass Communication (John Thompson 1995) • Has both technical and institutional methods of production and distribution • Relies on commodification of symbolic forms • There are separate contexts between the production and reception of information • Reaches to those 'far removed' in time and space • Maintains a ‘one to many’ information distribution responsibility How mass media works • Source: Every mass media message has a source. Production requires team effort. • Message: Mass media has a message to disseminate. Mostly complex. Eg. News report • Channel: Where there is no channel there is no mass media • Audiences: Someone has to be there to watch, read and comment on what’s on the news • Feedback: Has to be minimal Media’s role in society • Provides entertainment • Acts as our trusted interpreter • We can use media for surveillance purposes • Provides information • Acts...
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...Effectiveness of Digital Journalism to Mass Communication Students from Five Selected Universities In Metro Manila A Research Proposal Presented to the School of Education-Liberal Arts-Music-Social Work Centro Escolar University In Partial Fulfilment Of the Requirement for the subject Undergraduate Research I By Joshua Austria Jaren Resontoc Ma. Anne Margarett Tumale Effectiveness of Digital Journalism to Mass Communication Students from Five Selected Universities in Metro Manila CHAPTER 1 The Problem and its Background Introduction Digital journalism is the recently established form of media. It is the contemporary form of journalism in which the news content is distributed using the internet. The content is presented in the form of text, videos and audio. The news content is available throughout the internet in the official websites of news and public affairs companies. It can be viewed by using any digital platforms such as laptops and smart phones. The world of media today is dominated by both television and internet or digital media. People nowadays are into convenience, especially now that technology is abruptly rising. People want a faster way to acquire information, that is why digital media or digital journalism is rising among the other forms. Digital technology is revolutionizing the field of news industry by creating a contemporary form of news distribution. It makes the distribution of news faster and easier than television, radio and...
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...Effects of Mass Media on Pakistan Media: Media: In communication, media are the storage and transmission channels or tools used to store and deliver information or data. Mass Media: Mass Media: Mass media is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically designed to reach a very large audience such as the population of a nation state. Mass media is the major source of providing news and entertainment to the people who want to know who is doing what and what is happening. Following are the types of mass media. Electronic Media Print Media Interactive Media Electronic Media: Electronic Media: In the last century, a revolution in telecommunications has greatly altered communication by providing new media for long distance communication. Analog telecommunications include traditional telephony, radio, and TV broadcasts. Digital telecommunications allow for computer-mediated communication, telegraphy, and computer networks. Communications media impact more than the reach of messages. Modern communication media now allow for intense long-distance exchanges between larger numbers of people (many-to-many communication via e-mail, internet forums). On the other hand, many traditional broadcast media and mass media favor one-to-many communication (television, radio, cinema, newspaper, magazines). Print Media: Print Media Newspapers are social / commercial phenomenon because they talk about social issue of concern and have extensive commercialism attached. Interactive...
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...Communication and Information Management Assignment Communication and Information Management Assignment 1. Mass Media Trends Mass media consists of a large range of diversified media channels that reach a large audience through mass communication. There are seven trends that characterize modern mass media; audience segmentation, convergence, increased audience control, multiple platforms, user-generated content, mobile media, and social media (J.R. Dominick, 2011). I think mobile media has the greatest effect on society because these days people cannot live without their phones. Literally anything and everything one could imagine can be done from a smart phone and because access is so instant, transferable, and continuous, it is changing the way we live, work, and play. Before the outbreak of smart phones, audiences had to physically go to their media source, giving their time and attention in order to receive its messages. Today, people carry their media source everywhere they go and are notified by an alert sound or vibration when something that they have deemed important is available to them. 2. Classifying Mass Communications There are two approaches to classifying mass communications. "The functional approach emphasizes the way that audiences use mass communication and the benefits people receive from media consumption" (J.R. Dominick, 2011). This approach seeks to analyze why people consume the media they do, how they feel about it; positive or negative, and...
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...Communication is commonly defined as ‘the imparting or interchange of thoughts, opinions, or information by speech, writing or signs’ (Smith and Taylor). Communication is a process of transferring information from one entity to another sharing a repertoire of signs and semiotic rules. The information is encoded and channelled by a sender to a receiver via some medium. The receiver then decodes the message and gives the sender feedback. Communication embraces auditory means such as speech, song and tone of voice and there are non-verbal means such as body language, sign language, touch, eye contact and writing. Good Communication = Good Business * Helps an organisation to thrive * Cost effective | Poor Communications = Bad Business * Can cost market share & jobs * Can damage reputation & image | GENERAL THEORIES OF COMMUNICATION One Step Flow Theory This theory stated that mass communication media channels, communicate directly to the mass audience without the message being filtered by opinion leaders. The best known model of this theory is the hypodermic needle model. Dating from the 1920s, this theory was the first attempt to explain how mass audiences might react to mass media. It suggests that the information from a text passes into the mass consciousness of the audience unmediated. This theory suggests that our behaviour and thinking might be easily changed by media makers. It assumes that the audience is passive. Two Step Flow Theory The Hypodermic...
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...A Study on the Media Equation Theory John Nolan Pelosi University of Kentucky A Mediated World: A Study on the Media Equation Theory We’ve all done it. Whether it is aggressively screaming at the sports team you are watching on television, or frantically warning the victim of a horror movie not to open the door, everybody responds to mediated communication systems. However, the majority of mass media viewers are unaware of just how often they are actively responding. Although there has been a relatively small amount of research done linking interpersonal and mass communication researchers, are constantly aiming to bridge the gap between the sub disciplines of communication. Throughout this research I will be exploring the Media Equation Theory through the mediums of televisions and computers. I will explain what the media equation is, and describe the impact of the two communication mediums. With previous research in mind, I will be discussing how humans have become obsessed with media, and provide historical context as to why. A mass majority of this research focuses on the link between psychology and communication regarding to the positive correlation between the two. More specifically, psychological politeness reports between ‘human to human’ interactions are compared to research reports between ‘human to media’ interactions to prove that life is media, and media is life. Theoretical Background The Media Equation is a general communication theory developed...
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...Ana V. COM-126 Historical need People live in a world of media and technology, making it our way of communication. Unfortunately, we are becoming more attached to these needs that our communication is lacking of reality. Therefore, "it is clear that mass-media influence our values, attitude, culture etc." (Enache, R., Pescaru, A., Stan, E., & Safta, C. (2010), p. 31). This media has a long history behind its back and has walked a long way to be transformed into this large communication connection we all live with today. Like all stories with a beginning, media started in the early years of 3000 B.C with the introduction of the alphabet, devised by the Semites (“Major Events in the History of Mass Communications”, n.d.). During this early era of media, not only the early form of paper was invented by the Egyptians, but the printing method was created. Johannes Gutenberg, with his printing invention, opened “the possibility of distributing identical messages to many people located in different places" (Bogart, 1991, p. 63) - this big step would really begin mass media, giving it a start to the printing production of books. A follow up century which would take a big leap in the media history is the Telegraph Era. From 1800s to 1900s the first telegraph line would be first introduced by Samuel Morse, along with the invention of the telephone and radio. These inventions took media development into a big significant time in which more and more people would gain...
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...Electronic and Digital Media Industry Mass communication (MC) today is reliant on technology. Based on chapter 1 of The Media of Mass Communication, MC is the technology-assisted transmission of messages to mass audiences. This definition of communication elaborates how technology seems to make life easier. Interpersonal communication is a face-to-face form of communication that has been widely used by people without technological assistance for years. In the old ages, mass media took place in concert halls using only the human voice; today people use microphones that allow them to send vocal messages to a larger audience. Print media has also taken a notch toward improvement with the help of the World Wide Web. Technology has enabled societies to broadcast messages throughout the world by using television, satellites, and the Internet. Print has had a strong impact on society. Mass media awareness started with the discovery of print media through books, newspapers, magazines, and so on. The way in which people’s lives have changed are based on the result of print’s improvement, it is what allowed people in the past to pass on several messages like basis for learning other languages through text. Therefore, Kaiyan Za Bao invented newspapers; which allowed different societies to become aware of what was happening around the world. Print-visual integrations evolved through photography because newspapers started to include pictures, this would make people have a broader understanding...
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