...Communications Professor Kelly February 2016 Currently, when watching the daily news viewers will see instances of violence between law enforcement officers and citizens. This is a perfect example of the Media Effects Theory. This leads the viewers to believe that all white law enforcement officers are always antagonistic towards minorities. Each news story about a law enforcement officer, reflects this same thought or attitude, that white law enforcement officers hate those of different ethnicities. One of the ways that these instances fit the Effects Theory is that, as a viewer, whether they agree or disagree with these types news stories, they are powerless to change them. The words used by the media in these situations are often very inflammatory. This encourages the audience toward anger or hostility, and in some cases extreme violence. This example also gives the illusion that a large percentage of the population agrees with the opinion of the media. Since people in general, have a heard mentality, they want to feel affirmation in agreeing with the popular opinion. When that opinion differs from the accepted, media directed opinion, questions arise that can cause consternation with the differing opinions. Here is an example of the Media Effects Theory: the Rodney King video of 1991. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sb1WywIpUtY. This video has been shown thousands of times, and every audience that watches it cannot possibly remain unmoved by the viciousness...
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...Jour 575-Media Ethics and Social Issues Theories for Mass Media Team Projects Teams and topics will be posted on 09/09 Each team will present and lead discussion for 30 minutes First team starts on 09/24 PowerPoint or pre-approved alternative for presentation and discussion Each Team Member must also submit A five-page paper on the topic A confidential peer review of each other team member Team Projects Topic will usually be a Chapter/Case Study in the book Team is expected to go beyond what is in the book to provide additional information and analysis regarding the case study topic. Analyze case study in terms of major foundational ethical theories and major journalism ethical theories. Authoritarian theory of the press: The function of the press is to support the policies and actions of the state, and its authorities. The press should foster social solidarity and national unity. The state has the right to control the press for the overall public good. In many cases, controlling the press means preventing the press from embarrassing the existing government, to repress criticism and protest, and to severely restrict press freedom. The authoritarian view was prevalent in 17th century Europe where publishing came under the prerogative and censorship powers of the monarch and church. The authoritarian theory is embraced today by many leaders of non-democratic states. Libertarian (or liberal) theory of the press: The...
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...MADONNA UNIVERSITY OKIJA, P.M.B 407, IHIALA L.G.A ANAMBRA STATE. A SEMINAR MADE IN FULFILMENT OF THE COURSE: SEMINAR IN COMMUNICATION THEORIES. TOPICS: PROGRAMMING CONTENT OF THE NIGERIAN BROADCAST MEDIA TOWARDS AN INDEGENIZING PARADIGM MAC 432 Tanko Halimah mc/10/221 Maduneme Emmanuel mc/10/223 Unukpo Mercy Anne .o. mc/10/224 Okebugwu Blessing .P. mc/10/225 Otoiibhi Williams mc/10/226 Amadi Sandra mc/10/227 Oseji Richard Ugodinobi mc/10/228 Musa Omokhepe Natasha mc/10/229 Obaoye Thomas Adedayo mc/10/230 DEPARTMENT: MASS COMMUNICATION LEVEL: 400LEVEL LECTURER: MORAH NGOZI(MRS) ------------------------------------------------- PROGRAMMING CONTENT OF NIGERIAN BROADCAST MEDIA TOWARDS AN INDIGENIZING PARADIGM ------------------------------------------------- MADONNA UNIVERSITY NIGERIA REG NO MC/10/221 –MC/10/230 ABSTRACT This research analyses the content of programmes of the Nigerian broadcast media and how the National broadcast media has shifted the paradigm of broadcast progammes from the hands or control of the western world to indigenous and home made programme contensts, thereby promoting cultural and traditional values by creating local contents on programming for broadcast thus eliminating media imperialism the man focus was television. The research method is content analysis and the use of quantitative and qualitative methods and unobstructive observation in determining data and information to aid the study. Three televisions stations were analysed...
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...In the world today the media has a major impact on individuals who are involved in it. Rather it be through the radio, television, or the internet the majority of individuals have access to this and are susceptible to the impact that it has. There are many theories that define the relations between individuals and the impact that media has. One theory out there is based off of a learning theory. This theory is the Social Cognitive Theory, and it revolves around the “functions and processes of observational learning. By observing others’ behaviors, including those of media figures, one may develop rules to guide one’s own subsequent actions prompted to engage in previously learned behavior” (Nabi & Oliver 2010). Media directly influences individuals simply by the viewers watching or listening to the media and picking up the behavior of that media. According to Bandura (1986, 2002), “observational learning is guided by four processes. Attention to certain models and their behavior is affected by source and contextual features such as attractiveness, relevance, functional need, and affective valence. Second, retention processes focus on the ability to symbolically represent the behavior observed and its consequences, along with any rehearsal of that sequence. The third is production, which focuses on translating the symbolic representations into action, reproducing the behavior in seemingly appropriate contexts, and correcting for any errors based on the feedback received....
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...discussed in class, media usage over the past decade has grown exponentially. People consume different types of media over a myriad of platforms and devices. Shows that were once only available at a certain time on singular networks can now be viewed at the consumers leisure with services such as Video On Demand (VOD), HULU, Netflix, and thousands of different websites and file sharing services. With all the freedom of watching programs whenever you desire, many companies send media messages that can control and dictate the way we, the consumers, view the world. Different movies and TV shows can make us see the world in ways that can sometimes be far from the truth; thinking that the father is always the bread winner or that a woman’s role is to take care of the children and the household are common themes that many programs make us believe are universal truths. Media messages can also make us feel a certain way about the characters of a particular program; those feelings can sometimes even be transferred from the screen to our psyche and can make us react in certain ways. But how do we know this? How can we observe these things and use them to combat the messages different providers send our way? Today, I will be discussing how two media theories, Uses and Gratification and Excitation Transfer, can be explained using a popular ABC program Once Upon A Time. Next, I will compare and contrast theses different media theories. Finally, I will explain how policy maker, media sources, and...
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...On the other hand social shaping says that technology is social in origin and consequence, in addition audience demand, behaviour and feedback is what determines the development in technology. Both of these views are very extreme and therefore you could say that there is a medium that lies in between the two of these theories which is that change happens due to audience demand as well as the needs - such as profit - and control of the institutions. Many theorists that look into cultural change look into areas such as change that benefits the audience, change that has positives and negatives for the audience in what media in the online age offers. However there are so many theories that offer different perspectives that it is hard to actually find one single theory that offers a complete solution or conclusion to how the media in the online age has impacted culture and people globally. Firstly if we look into the idea of utopian theories, which is the idea that the development in the online age has now started to take down obstacles for audiences which has lead to greater opportunities of them. Jenkins came up with the term ‘participatory culture’ which is the theory that amateur people are now taking part in making professional products are sharing them to an audience. Examples of this are people like Soulja boy who made a song and music video, released it on Youtube and people took notice to it, after which he got picked up by a record company and started to get recognized globally...
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...Communication Vol. 4, No. 4, November 2011, pp. 246Á251 (Re)conceptualizing Intercultural Communication in a Networked Society Damien Smith Pfister & Jordan Soliz We offer four theses about how intercultural communication is altered in a digitally networked era. Digital media shape intercultural communication by (1) producing new public fora capable of (2) hosting rich, multimodal ‘‘spaces’’ of contact on (3) a scale of many-to-many communication that (4) challenges traditional modes of representation. Keywords: Digital Media; Intercultural Communication; 2009 Iran Protests; Networked Communication As internetworked media technologies gradually diffused throughout the world, they have often been sparks for intercultural dialogue. Internet websites enabled web-savvy organizations, like the Zapatista Army of National Liberation, to circulate their views throughout the 1990s. The power of citizens to communicate directly with each other through digital media was not fully apparent until late 2002, when the pseudonymous Salam Pax began reporting through his blog what life was like for Iraqis in the run-up to the 2003 combat operations. Since then, citizens have relied on the tools of digital media to coordinate protests internally and communicate with outside audiences in a number of colorful revolutions: Rose (Georgia, 2003), Orange (Ukraine, 2004Á2005), Saffron (Burma, 2007), Green (Iran, 2009), and Jasmine (Tunisia, 2011). In January 2011, Egyptian citizens, mobilizing...
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...1. What communication type avoids conflict and focuses on facts and details rather than the big picture? They may be perceived by others as unemotional and nonchalant. • Argumentatives • Sympathetics • Systematics • Directs 2. A criticism of social media is that it • is only available to the media savvy. • contributes to the decline in writing and language skills. • leads to separation of the haves and have-nots. • leads to information overload 3. In Korean culture, a business deal is dependent on contractual information as well as how the parties perceive each other’s values and ethics. According to Edmund Hall, this behavior exhibits the theory of • proxemics • low-context cultures • Ethno-centricism • high-context cultures 4. Your supervisor sends you an e-mail requesting an article for the employee newsletter about company loyalty. You write the article featuring customers who are brand loyal. Later, your supervisor criticizes you for not writing about the topic that he requested. After a face-to-face meeting, you realize that he wanted you to write about employee loyalty. This is an example of what type of noise? • Unwanted • External • Semantic • Internal Want more details? Download now COM 537 Final Exam 5. The head of the holiday party committee at your office is trying to set a location for the event. The committee chairperson announces three choices for members to vote on. When Erin hears that the Boar’s Tavern is one of the choices, her...
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...Question # 1:- How would you describe Agilent Technology communication process for dealing with downsizing? Communication is a message from a sender to a receiver in an understandable manner. The importance of effective communication is immeasurable in the world of business and in personal life. From a business perspective, effective communication is an absolute must, because it commonly accounts for the difference between success and failure or profit and loss. It has become clear that effective business communication is critical to the successful operation of modern enterprise. Every business person needs to understand the fundamentals of effective communication. Companies are working toward the realization of total quality management. Effective communication is the most critical component of total quality management. The manner in which individuals perceive and talk to each other at work about different issues is a major determinant of the business success. It has proven that poor communication reduces quality, weakens productivity, and eventually leads to anger and a lack of trust among individuals within the organization. The communication process is the guide toward realizing effective communication. It is through the communication process that the sharing of a common meaning between the sender and the receiver takes place. Individuals that follow the communication process will have the opportunity to become more productive in every aspect of their profession. Effective...
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...speech, song and tone of voice and there are non-verbal means such as body language, sign language, touch, eye contact and writing. Good Communication = Good Business * Helps an organisation to thrive * Cost effective | Poor Communications = Bad Business * Can cost market share & jobs * Can damage reputation & image | GENERAL THEORIES OF COMMUNICATION One Step Flow Theory This theory stated that mass communication media channels, communicate directly to the mass audience without the message being filtered by opinion leaders. The best known model of this theory is the hypodermic needle model. Dating from the 1920s, this theory was the first attempt to explain how mass audiences might react to mass media. It suggests that the information from a text passes into the mass consciousness of the audience unmediated. This theory suggests that our behaviour and thinking might be easily changed by media makers. It assumes that the audience is passive. Two Step Flow Theory The Hypodermic Model quickly proved too clumsy for media researchers seeking to explain the relationship between audience and text more precisely. As mass media became an essential part of life in societies around the world, a more sophisticated explanation was sought. Paul Lazerfield et al suggested that the information from a text does not flow directly into the minds of its audience unmediated but is...
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...Study on the Media Equation Theory John Nolan Pelosi University of Kentucky A Mediated World: A Study on the Media Equation Theory We’ve all done it. Whether it is aggressively screaming at the sports team you are watching on television, or frantically warning the victim of a horror movie not to open the door, everybody responds to mediated communication systems. However, the majority of mass media viewers are unaware of just how often they are actively responding. Although there has been a relatively small amount of research done linking interpersonal and mass communication researchers, are constantly aiming to bridge the gap between the sub disciplines of communication. Throughout this research I will be exploring the Media Equation Theory through the mediums of televisions and computers. I will explain what the media equation is, and describe the impact of the two communication mediums. With previous research in mind, I will be discussing how humans have become obsessed with media, and provide historical context as to why. A mass majority of this research focuses on the link between psychology and communication regarding to the positive correlation between the two. More specifically, psychological politeness reports between ‘human to human’ interactions are compared to research reports between ‘human to media’ interactions to prove that life is media, and media is life. Theoretical Background The Media Equation is a general communication theory developed by...
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...it with? These are the questions that 7 billion people are going to be faced with in a few weeks. This is called the ‘’Theory of 2012’’ or “The end of the world’’ According to this theory, December 21, 2012 is the ‘’last day of earth’’. No matter how many reasons are given to prove this theory, there are still many controversies and speculations. The 2012 apocalypse is false because of too many proofs to this theory, the vague and useless information and the lack of media development. If the apocalypse were to be true, there would be only one proof for this theory. One popular known reason is the Mayan calendar. This calendar was created over thousands of years ago and according to their calendar December 21, 2012 was the end. People also believed that the Mayans predicted series or misfortunate events marking that date. Another theory also was discovered which was the crashing of Nibiru. This proof was discovered by scientists that a planet under this name will hit the earth changing everything. If the world would have an end, there wouldn’t be more than one proof. The problem with this so called apocalypse is that if one would want to find out more information about why the world is going to end, that would be a difficult task to accomplish. If you look in books, or search online they will give you very minimal information. This is because the theory is so undeveloped and unexpected that people can’t even take time to find out why. Also not only is there not enough information...
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...Life Span Development and Personality PSY/300 Life Span Development and Personality Princess Diana was one of the most influential people of the 21st century. Diana had a peculiar way of flirting with the media that became a unique trademark and she won the hearts of many through her warm and caring actions. Diana brought attention to worldwide causes such as the AIDS epidemic and elimination of landmines in Angola (Rosenberg, 2011). Princess Diana became a role model for many that suffered depression because she herself was a victim to this ailment but the public only saw her positive outlook and caring charismatic way that made her famous. Diana’s depression stemmed from the jealousy her husband portrayed because of the extra media attention Diana received. The media became fascinated by her and that lead her to become the most photographed person of that time. Diana used her positive influence to seek refuge in humanitarian work such raising awareness for AIDS and finding a solution to the landmines that were affecting children in Angola. According to Rosenberg (2011), “In 1987, Diana became the first famous person to be photographed touching someone with AIDS; she made a huge impact in dissolving the myth that AIDS could be contracted merely by touch.” The world was shocked in 1997 when at the age of 36, Diana died in a horrific car accident in Paris. In the following paper I will analyze Princess Diana’s psychological development and discuss issues and support...
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...American culture relies heavily on media, and that is not as valuable to learning as literature. I completely agree. It stated that an American child from age five to age eighteen has viewed over 20,000 hours of television and electronic media. That is an abundant amount of time spent doing that opposed to spending time doing homework and studying. There needs to be more of a balance in the use of electronic curriculum and traditional curriculum. I know that when I was a child, my family didn’t even have cable, so it was a real treat when I would get to watch a movie, or any television on the non-cable channels. My family pushed the importance of reading books, and figuring out the message in everything I read. Television and media is making us lazy. We rely too much on electronics to do the work for us. Television requires very little brain activity, which is why when we watch it, we tend to zone out, or easily forget what was just said. When watching television we only tap into the emotional side of our brain, and never think logically. Everything we learn from television goes into our short-term memory, but when we use traditional curriculum, we have to think and comprehend everything, which goes into our long-term memory. For me personally, I am a much better learner when I have to read and comprehend something on my own. To summarize, people are becoming more dependent on electronics. If we start to think on our own, without the help of the media, we will become better cognitive...
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...Also the difference in communication processes used in this crisis situation. The potential advantages and challenges associated with communicating within the organization. You will also read about the different media opportunities during the management crisis. As a director of a regional Emergency Management Office I have been receiving reports that the public water supplies of several towns in the area have become contaminated with life threating biological agents. It is my duty to address this to the organizations without causing a panic. I will allow one spoke’s person to talk about the crisis and answer any question. This spoke’s person will tell the truth and the facts and do it in a fast manner. I will also form a crisis team; the team will involve individuals who are the key to the crisis. Once the team is formed each team member will be educated on his or her responsibilities. I will also have the spokes person schedule a press conference with the media to inform the public what is going on. Also the spokes person will be someone who is comfortable in front of a TV and with reporters. I will also ask the Governor and Director of the Water Waste Manger to attend the press conference. I will take lead of the proper use of proper technology for instance social media, affecting communication throughout this crisis...
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