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Medical Imaging Analysis

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Medical Imaging is a vital part of today’s medical industry as technology and the understanding of nuclear medicine has been able further provide diagnosis for thousands of diseases and injuries. The beginning of medical imaging occurred in 1895 when the first ever x-ray was taken by German Physics Professor, Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen (Imaginis, 2008). Since then the expanded knowledge of the atomic nucleus and discovery of radioactive isotopes have expanded the ability enabling us to image soft tissue, inflammation, abnormal growths and circulation.

The atomic nucleus is essentially the number of electrons, protons and neutrons within an atom which determines the characteristics of the element. Within the atom, strong nuclear forces hold the neutrons and protons inside the nucleus, preventing the atom from breaking apart which provides stability for the smaller elements, such as oxygen and carbon (J. Lucas, 2014). To produce stability for heavier elements, the ratio of neutrons to protons must increase as the repulsion forces between the protons increase. This increase in neutrons decreases the space between the protons and prevents the repulsion forces from overcoming the strong nuclear forces. Isotopes are identified by the varying number of neutrons within the nucleus (Khan, 2014) …show more content…
Radioisotopes are essentially unstable isotopes that break up to smaller nuclei and release energy and particles in the form of one of three types of radiation (A. Rogers, 2015):
- Alpha particles (α) is simply when the atom splits to make a hydrogen atom consisting of two protons and two neutrons. This alters the mass of the atom and therefore also adjusts the type of element along increasing the stability of the nucleus. For example:
(M=226, N=88)Ra  (M=222, N=86)Rn + (M=4,

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