...Case Study of Jim Margie Herndon PSYCH515 September 10, 2012 Dr. Napier-Ionascu Case Study of Jim Abnormal behavior and determining whether it qualifies a person with a mental disorder is complex and incorporates many differing perceptions. No concrete definition is assigned in terming behavior to be abnormal but there are six primary elements recognized. Mental disorders are assigned by professionals according to a classification system. The debate of whether this is the most sufficient system of assignment continues as some argue against the organizational structure based on the history and detail of an individual in classifying them under a label. A case example describing a personality, behaviors, and thought processes of an individual named Jim are analyzed to determine abnormal behavior and mental disorder qualifications. Determining Abnormal Behavior The case example of Jim is a summary of background information of a male named Jim to analyze how factoring the primary elements of abnormal behavior and the definition given by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (2000) fourth edition, to separate from, and then together, prove the complexity in determining the behavior of a person as abnormal and whether or not it would qualify them for a mental disorder. The Six Elements Butcher, Monika, & Hooley (2010) outline the primary elements of abnormal behavior as suffering, maladaptiveness, deviancy, violations of standards of society,...
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...Psychological Disorder Paper PSY/450-Diversity and Cultural Factors in Psychology Kimberly L. Herrington Due: Tuesday January 15, 2013 People decisions, attitudes, and beliefs are acquired from their cultural roots. Psychology has established social perception results from the individual’s cultural milieu. Social perception is a process that aids us to understanding others as well as ourselves. This paper will discuss anxiety disorder; examine the connection between human development and how this connection affects anxiety disorders. There are several types of anxiety disorders, some of the most common are; Specific Phobia, Panic Disorder, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. A person who has anxiety disorder may experience feelings of excessive fear, worrying or discomfort in situations where majority of others do not share those emotions. Left untreated, anxiety disorders may become severely damaging and may affect his or her relationships, work performance, and or study ability. As more research and studies are performed it has been concluded from severe cases that even simple tasks such as cleaning, shopping or leaving the house is a major challenge. In addition to inability to perform daily activities, anxiety may also cause decrease in self-esteem, drug abuse, and separation from loved ones ( Shiraev & Levy 2010) In the United States of America, the most common mental ailments are anxiety disorders. Statistics...
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...Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) has a unique position in psychopathology; in previous eras and still, in modern-day society, the idea and validity of the occurrence of dissociative identities, inside a single person, has caused much debate and conflict between mental health care specialists (Traub, 2009). It produces an extraordinary combination of both approval and refutation in the scientific world. Starting with approval, DID is a formally documented diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM; APA, 2013) in addition to the International Classification of Diseases. Furthermore, the study of DID yields a mild but stable output of publications supporting cases of the disorder in nations all...
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...defining and classifying normal and abnormal behavior. There will also be a brief overview of how abnormal psychology has evolved into a scientific discipline. Finally the biopsychosocial, biological/medical, and sociocultural theoretical models, will also be analyzed in relation to the development of abnormal psychology. Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology, also known as psychopathology, is the subfield of psychology devoted to the study of mental disorders (Hansell & Damour, 2008). The subfield also aims to understand the nature, causes, and treatment of these mental disorders (Pearson Higher Education, 2010). Abnormal psychology has come a long way in regard to how it is defined, viewed, and even treated. There are many challenges when it comes to defining and classifying normal and abnormal behavior. Over time, abnormal psychology has evolved into a scientific discipline. When it comes to the development of abnormal psychology, there are many theoretical models in which we can study as well. Origins of Abnormal Psychology It is difficult to define abnormality, and the scientific characterization of abnormality depends on five criteria: help seeking, irrationality/dangerousness, deviance, emotional distress, and significant impairment (Hansell & Damour, 2008). Help seeking, irrationality/dangerousness, and deviance are more indicators to abnormal behavior because they tend to be circumstantial. On the other hand, emotional distress and...
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...Exposure to trauma. The current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM–5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013) defines a traumatic event as exposure to: death, threatened death, actual or threatened serious injury, or actual or threatened sexual violence. A traumatic event may be experienced directly such that the individual has exposure or witnesses the trauma. Alternatively, trauma can also be experienced indirectly for example, by learning that a family member was exposed to a traumatic event or, perhaps an exposure to details of trauma. Most relevant to the current study, repeated occupational exposure to distressing events may satisfy the definition of traumatic events (APA, 2013). As aforementioned,...
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...Borderline Personality Disorder: DSMDiagnosing and Empirically-Based TreatmentKelli RodriguezCapella University1 Borderline Personality Disorder AbstractThe DSM-IV is widely used in the mental health field. Some of its many uses include providinga common language among professionals about psychopathology and delineating criteria for diagnosing individuals with mental disorders. This paper explores the purpose, history, andlimitations of the DSM diagnostic approach. A case study is provided and the DSM-IV-TR isused to diagnosis borderline personality disorder. The disorder is described and an empirically- based treatment plan is offered.2 Borderline Personality Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder: DSM Diagnosing and Empirically-Based TreatmentThe APA (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is widelyused by mental health professionals. It provides a common language about psychopathologyamong clinicians, researchers, students, and other mental health professionals. Since its inceptioninto the field of mental health, it has made a huge impact on clinical practice, research, andeducation. Although it has advanced the field of mental health, there is still criticism of theDSM classification system. Despite its limitations, it continues to be considered an importantreference for mental health professionals. This paper will explore the DSM’s use within the fieldof psychopathology. Then it will be applied to a case study of a 15 year-old girl with...
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... |PSY/410 | | |Abnormal Psychology | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is designed to provide students with an introduction to theories and research concerning abnormal behavior (psychopathology). The course will address such topics as the incidence (frequency) of abnormal behavior of various types; how abnormal behaviors are classified into various diagnostic categories; the etiologies (causes) of psychological disorders; and the variety of methods employed in the treatment of abnormal behavior. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Hansell, J., & Damour...
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...These efforts have progressed from methods that vaguely lists disorders, to more thorough, modern methods, like DSM- IV- TR, this method lists numerous amounts of different mental disorders. Psychopathology is the study of mental illness, abnormal/maladaptive behavior. Psychopathology is a term commonly used in psychiatry whereas pathology relates to disease progressions. The standard classification system for psychopathology is the Diagnostic and Statistics Manual (DSM-1). The DSM is a manual, published by the American Psychiatric Association, listing the official diagnostic classifications of mental disorders. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DMS-1) is the official manual listing psychiatric and psychological disorders. This manual was published by the American Psychiatric Association in 1952, takes its coding scheme from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), which is a diagnostic manual for all medical diseases. The DSM was commonly used by physicians/medical professionals, insurance companies and many courts systems. Courts used the DSM to define and diagnose mental disorders, and the diagnostics code that was attached to the case would regulate insurance reimbursements for treating the individual. The controversy amongst the DSM-1 and DSM-II was due to the United States being controlled by Freud’s psychodynamic perspective, which focused on the origins of mental illness and the unconscious mind, consequently it fixated on...
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...BEHAVIORAL THERAPY Baron Jones Southern New Hampshire University, Online This paper will focus on the theoretical part of this case study that is how we can help the 23yrear old girl overcome the disorder that she is suffering from. Additionally the paper will incorporate the counseling knowledge gained in this course for example ways of dealing with patients in terms of being patient with the victim since the recovery process does not happen over a day it is a step by step process as the patient gains the ability to overcome the feeling and thought that make her regurgitating food and deal with the fear she has of being overweight and her friends calling her fat as the mother and friends explained. We will apply the cognitive theory of depression to help her since experts have confirmed that the techniques that the theory proposes are actually effective especially in dealing with eating disorders. This is just a recap of what we are going to discuss in this paper so let being our detailed discussion. THE COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THEORY To being our discussion we are going to talk about the cognitive behavior theory, and as we mentioned earlier cognitive behavior has been proven to be the best method of dealing with psychotherapeutic disorders and for our case we are going to use it to develop a therapy plan to help the 23year old girl overcome her eating disorder. Additionally, cognitive behavior therapy has its advantage and disadvantage and as we have mentioned it is effective in treating...
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...PYC4802/101/0/2015 Tutorial letter 101/0/2015 Psychopathology PYC4802 Year module Department of Psychology IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This tutorial letter contains important information about your module. CONTENTS Page 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Turorial material ....................................................................................................... 4 2. PURPOSE OF AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE ......................................... 4 2.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Outcomes ................................................................................................................ 4 3. LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS ............................................................ 6 3.1 Lecturer(s) ............................................................................................................... 6 3.2 Department .............................................................................................................. 7 3.3 University ................................................................................................................. 7 4. MODULE-RELATED RESOURCES ....................................................................... 7 4.1 Prescribed book.....
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...and Male Sexual Disorders Summer L. Meeks Florida Memorial University Abstract There are times in a couple’s life when things do not go so well in the bedroom. One or both of the partners are unable to perform in sexual encounters. These problems are called sexual dysfunctions. Sexual dysfunctions are defined as persistent or recurrent difficulties in becoming sexually aroused or reaching orgasm. There are many different types of sexual dysfunctions. They are classified into four categories: sexual desire disorders, sexual arousal disorders, orgasmic disorders, and sexual pain disorders. The disorder I would like to touch on that affects both men and women sexual desire disorders. Female and Male Sexual Disorders The orgasmic disorder is split into two categories. The first category is the female orgasmic disorder. This disorder causes women a challenge to achieve orgasm if they can achieve it, but this does not always count for masturbation. Women with this disorder usually do not receive enough clitoral stimulation during sexual intercourse to be able to achieve orgasm. Performance anxiety or sexual guilt may provoke an outburst. Also, trying too hard causes the opposite. Another main problem women encounter is not participating to the fullest. They rather watch than engage when it comes to active sexual intercourse. Women can also experience premature ejaculation, but most of the times this is not even recognized or classified as orgasmic disorder. Types of sexual...
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...Crazy Like Us “Crazy Like Us” is a enlightening book written by San Francisco journalist, Ethan Watters, in which he contends that the exportation of typical American psychological disorders included in the DSM to other countries is an ineffective approach at attempting to aid mental health patients in those countries. Watters educates readers about the dangers of applying American mental disorders to individuals in other countries due to differences in diets, culture, and social norms. He documents a series of case studies in which victims of mental health disorders in various countries are affected by culture and societal norms. He argues that classifying a mental illness under a generic American disorder is dangerous and downright inappropriate. American mental disorders are not “one size fits all” and exportation of them can cause significant damage to the people in the countries who suffer from mental health disorders. I concur with Watters’ chief point that cultural specificity must be accounted for and significant cultural differences exist throughout the globe, particularly in the field of mental health. The first case involves anorexia in Hong Kong, in which a 14-year old girl died suddenly. When reporters investigated her death, they entered her symptoms into the Google search bar to attribute a cause of death. The results configured symptoms very similar to American anorexia. Due to this revelation, the media orchestrated awareness campaigns, which stimulated an...
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...Homosexuality: A Case of Nature versus Nurture By Robert L Smith Instructor: Mr. Simbarashe Chiduma A RESEARCH PAPER Submitted to Baker College in partial fulfillment of requirements For class: Soc 201 Winter 2012 Homosexual is defined as: “of, relating to, or characterized by a tendency to direct sexual desire toward another of the same sex” (Webster’s Dictionary, 4th ed., 2003) The nature approach is based on a chance that humans are born with a specific gene that determines if they will be homosexual. "In other words, some people are born gay." (Johnson, 2003) The nurture approach tells that people are influenced by their surroundings. In this approach, "A nurtured gay person is one that is 'made' gay." (Johnson, 2003) Originally the American Psychological Association (APA) had deemed homosexuality a mental disease. The debate now- a-days revolve around if sexuality is based on nature, a person’s environment, or based on nurture, a person’s upbringing. Alfred Kinsey pioneered one of the earliest experiments in the 1930s. Kinsey’s research resulted in little besides putting the word homosexual into the common language. Karen Hooker completed the first psychological test in 1957. The research was put together to investigate the relationship between homosexuality, psychological development, and illness. The subjects were given three tests, the Rorschach, TAT, and MAPS. She determined that there was no link between social determinism of sexuality...
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...Borderline Personality Disorder Name of Student Course name Date of submission Borderline Personality Disorder Literature Review The literature review first presents the evolution of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) over the past 60 years, highlighting the shift from psychodynamic perspectives to that of biological and environmental determinates. Diagnostic classification of BPD is then examined, and subsequently discussed in terms of sectors of psychopathology that serve to demarcate the disorder. Next, dominant contemporary aetiologies of BPD are discussed, leading to an examination of comorbidities and the prevalence of BPD across populations. The focus of the review shifts to an examination of BPD in university students, commencing with treatments that are both efficacious and suited for delivery in a university context. Then, management of BPD related behaviours on campus are discussed in terms of the role of university staff in providing assistance to students with BPD. The chapter concludes with a summation of considerations in assisting university students with severe symptoms of BPD while on campus The development of the Borderline construct Reliable and valid differentiation of the borderline construct has proved elusive. The phenomena was initially reported in psychodynamic literature in the 1930’s, however was not distinguished as a syndrome until 1953 (Knight, 1953). Indeed, the use of the term ‘borderline’ arguably represents a misnomer due to its association...
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...ON ADHD Abstract Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral development disorder among children. In the United States there are at least 2 million grade school children that are diagnosed with the disorder (Dupper, 2003). ADHD is determined to be one of the most common development disorders in children (Barlow & Durand, 2009). This paper will discuss the different aspects of ADHD, its symptoms, common traits, and the known treatments being used by clinicians. Moreover, the paper will also touch on the important things to consider when dealing with ADHD, particularly in the area of social work. By doing so, it will determine why social work should be an integral part of the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVE DISORDER (ADHD) Dr. George Still was the first to diagnose ADHD in 1902 (Rafalovich, 2001). He detected the disorder in 20 children who all had impaired concentration and over-activity. However it was only after the encephalitis outbreak in the United States from 1917- 1918 that serious study of the disorder took place (Rafalovich, 2001). Clinically called encephalitis luthargica was identified as a specific disease category of children demonstrating unconventional behavior (Rafalovich, 2001). The study of encephalitis luthargica paved the way for research modality in psychiatry that became the neurological basis for childhood deviance, exemplified by modern study of ADHD (Rafalovich, 2001). Today ADHD holds the distinction ...
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