...estimated that every person used about 40 lbs. of glue each year. Glue was applicable in making crafts, furniture, plumbing, shoes, books, buildings and a lot more. Many commercial glue are available in stores, but there are also materials readily available in the household that could be utilized in making an adhesive. The following of them are the most common: flour, milk, water, sugar and vinegar. Processes Involving Milk Milk can be transformed into curds and whey by adding (1) rennet or (2) a mild acid such as acetic acid. Since vinegar is acetic acid, it is used in this experiment instead of more expensive reagent grade materials. After curds form and are separated from the whey, the acid is neutralized with the sodium bicarbonate. The clumps of curds are comprised of casein, a protein found in milk. Casein proteins make up 3% of whole milk. Glues made from casein include products such as Elmer’s and other woodworking glues. Casein can also be poured into molded into forms to making a variety of plastic items such as combs, bead, button and umbrella handles. (Webb) Making Glue from Common Household Materials Experiments that created glue from milk, vinegar, baking soda, and water resulted to effective adhesion of the formed glue. By adding vinegar to the milk, a chemical reaction is created which makes the milk separate into two parts: curds and liquid (whey). The curds are milk protein, called casein. Liquid casein is natural glue. When baking soda is added, it neutralizes...
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...Interpretation of results and Deriving of conclusions Powdered milk makes the strongest milk glue because of its high protein content. This is because casein is a protein which is present in milk and gives milk its white colour. It contains all the essential amino acids required by humans, making it of high nutritional value. Casein is also used in the manufacture of adhesives, binders, and other things. It is frequently found in other nondairy cheese substitutes to improve consistency, especially when melted. Casein glue can be used on wood with up to 15% moisture content as well as oily woods. Commercial casein glues contain dried curd casein, lime, sodium salts and fungicide. However, insects, mice, mold and bacteria also love casein glues. Curd is formed as a result of the chemical reaction between casein and lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria in milk causes the coagulation of casein and so converts the milk into curd. Curd can also be obtained by coagulating milk with an edible acidic substance, vinegar in this case, and then draining off the liquid portion, which is the whey. During the heating process, the curd is separated from the liquid, which is the whey. The heat helps to speed up the separation process. The curds will then dry to form casein, which also acts as an adhesive. The vinegar is acidic, and so it curdles the solids so they can be separated from the whey, and the baking soda neutralises any acid that remains. From our experiment and the results...
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...Objective: The goal of these experiments is to create glue by combinging curdled milk and baking soda. Research Question: Why do curds form in milk? What is a protein? How does it differ from a sugar or a fat? What is casein? How can you extract it from milk? How is it used? Milk can be transformed into curds and whey by adding (1) rennet or (2) a mild acid such as acetic acid. Since vinegar is acetic acid, it is used in this experiment instead of more expensive reagent grade materials. After curds form and are separated from the whey, the acid is neutralized with the sodium bicarbonate. The clumps of curds are comprised of casein, a protein found in milk. Casein proteins make up 3% of whole milk. Glues made from casein include products such as Elmer’s and other woodworking glues. The relationship between the Borden Company, it’s mascot Elsie-the-Cow and glue becomes more apparent when you consider that Borden purchased the Casein Company in 1929, and introduced its first glue, called Casco glue in 1932. Casein can also be poured into molded into forms to making a variety of plastic items such as combs, bead, button and umbrella handles. Materials: Non-fat milk or skim milk Glass or enamel saucepan Tablespoon Access to a stove White vinegar Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) Babyfood jar or similar contain for the glue Experimental Procedure: Put a pint of milk into a saucepan. Add six tablespoons of white vinegar and stir. Heat the saucepan on a stove using...
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...A glue can be made from milk by souring it using vinegar (an acid) which separates it into curds and whey. The curds can be neutralised by various bases to produce a variety of different glues. The glue can be tested for strength by sticking together two lolly sticks and attaching weights to them. This activity lends itself to group,investigative and competitive work. Did you ever wonder why Elmer’s ® white glue has a picture of a cow on the label? This is because cows make glue. Of course, this statement seems strange until you learn that it is the protein in the milk can be used to make glue. The protein in the milk is casein. So, in reality, cows make milk, but you can use milk to make glue. Casein is actually a micelle consisting of a protein subunit that somehow stabilizes the micelle so that it limits its growth and stays dispersed in the milk colloid. The other components of casein are calcium and phosphate ions. When the protein subunit is removed from the casein micelle, they can clot together to form the curd that can be further treated to make cheese or an adhesive suitable for use in paper, plastics, or glues. When mixed with lime, the curds form a material know as whitewash, which was used in colonial times to paint houses. Elmer’s ® glue used to be made from casein, however, it is now made from a polymer, polyvinylacetate (PVA) since that polymer is more stable and has a long shelf storage life. Elmer’s ® blue gel glue is made from...
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...have is glue. In our society, we rely on glues for it have innumerable uses. Skim milk is a milk wherefrom the cream is extracted. It is loaded with various nutrients - protein, calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D and vitamin A. These nutrients maintain the building of teeth, body and muscles. The Protein in skim milk comprises the complete amino acid a human needs regularly, effecting the skim milk to be a source of high- quality, total protein. Knowing that skim milk contains protein, it is proved that glue can be made from casein – the protein in milk. The casein protein is also used in fabricating various goods, including fabrics, adhesives, plastics, and protective coatings. This study aims to make homemade glue by means of coagulation and precipitation. Results show that skim milk can be use as an alternative for glue. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Poverty is one of the major problems the world is facing today. Not every student could afford to buy branded glue and not every store opens 24 hours. It is a problem for some people in buying glue. It might not be applicable for all, but in some instances, it is true. The researchers wanted to find a way to help solve this problem. The researchers found an experiment regarding on making a homemade glue using the materials found on the kitchen. One of these, skim milk is used in the study. The researchers used skim milk considering that glue is made from casein protein where a skim milk have. ...
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...future people who would like to perform it for themselves. This was also made to make cheap and strong adhesive glue in short time to help those lazy or busy enough to buy expensive glue at the store. This glue is very easy to create and produce. This product’s materials are also cheap depending on what brand you chose. Speaking of cheap the ingredients are also not hard to find, in fact, they can be found at any mall or grocery. Doing this will not be a waste of time because this can be done in under an hour, or if you really are quick it can be done in half the time. Acknowledgement I would like to thank my parents for buying me the necessary things needed in doing the experiment. I would also like to thank my acquaintances for giving me the idea to do this experiment. Also our teacher Ma’am Jey for guiding us in the making of some of the parts of the project like when we get confused on what goes first. I also thank Kuya Albert for helping me do the messy parts. I also thank myself for the pictures taken during the making of the project. Table of Contents Introduction Welcome to the book-bound journal about making glue with milk curds. Some synthetic glues are made of chemicals while some claim to be natural, well this glue is home-made and very adhesive if made properly, so in order to make the glue adhesive and useful please pay close attention to the instructions and reminders given. The abstract has spoken...
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...of creating glue based from milk. Glue has been an important material at home, at school and at office. Most of the commercially available glue is claiming to be non-toxic. However, we are still uncertain of this claim since they contain preservatives that may harm both the user and the environment Casein, a protein obtained from milk, has been long proven to play an important role in the production of glue. It can be obtained from milk by means of adding vinegar into the milk. The curd formed from the reaction is mixed with baking soda. The produced glue from milk may vary in consistency depending upon the amount of milk, vinegar, water and baking soda used. Other research conducted claims that glue made from milk casein is waterproof and can be used for bottle labeling and cigarette packaging .The product produced by our team is cheap and effective. Students can replicate our procedures to create their own milk glue. Chapter 1 Introduction The first evidence when glue used for the first time dates back in 4000 B.C., Archaeologists found foodstuff with deceased when they were studying burial sites of historical tribes in the pottery vessels, which were repaired by some sticky stuff of trees ap. They also found ivory eyeballs into eye sockets in Babylonian temples .In our modern time, glue may vary from industrial and commercial purpose to ordinary glue used at home and school. Glue is used to fix broken pieces or to bind different materials . Milk is a whitish...
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...WMRC Greening School’s Green Chemistry Lesson Glue From Milk GS005-008 Objectives 1. Examine how a chemical reaction can change into a new product, 2. Understand how renewable resources can be used in our everyday lives Materials • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2 one-ounce medicine cups Safety goggles Plastic spoon (reuse) Basket-type coffee filter 2 9-once clear (reusable) plastic cups 3-quart package of powdered non-fat milk 1 ½ cups vinegar 8 ounce box of baking soda set of measuring spoons Measuring cup Hot water (1/3 – ½ cup) Plastic or newspaper (to cover table if necessary) Paper for gluing Towels for cleanup Green Chemistry Principles • • Safety first and last Use renewable resources IL State Standards (Science) 11.A, 12.B, 12.C, 12.E, 13.B • Levels Middle School (Use as a demonstration for elementary school) Vocabulary Curd, Whey, Casein, Rennin Time One class period Overview Utilizing renewable resources in the classroom visually illustrates the principles of Green Chemistry. The Milk and Glue activity demonstrates to the students that you can take a renewable resource-milk in this case, and through a chemical reaction, turn it into a usable product such as glue. The activity also shows the students that chemistry can be fun. One batch of glue will be made, although this glue does not have a long shelf life. Procedure 1. 2. 3. 4. Measure ¼ cup of hot water Pout into a clear 9-ounce cup Add 2 tablespoons of powdered mil to the water and...
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...can make even regular "Elmer's" glue using three everyday kitchen ingredients. We discovered this recipe on a solar cooking site, used it successfully in my new and improved solar cooker (plans and pictures coming very soon!) and also in place of regular school glue for crafts and projects. In scientific tests, this glue has proven to be just as strong as regular white glue, so you don't have to be concerned about its holding power. This glue is a much cheaper alternative to regular glue. Why not give it a try today? Object: Alternative Glue To create a glue from household products. What you’ll need: * 1½ cups milk * 3 teaspoons white vinegar * 1 tablespoon baking soda * Water * Strainer * Pan Estimated Experiment Time: 5 minutes to make the glue, 15 minutes to dry. Process 1. Heat the milk in a pan until warm, and then add the white vinegar. Keep heating and stirring until the milk separates into solid and liquid. 2. Strain the mixture, keeping the solid part. Mold what you have left into one big, slimy ball. 3. Now, put it back in the pan and add the baking soda and enough water to get the right consistency. Heat it up until it starts bubbling, then turn it off and let it cool. Observation: Result: By adding the vinegar, a chemical reaction makes the milk to separate into two parts, a solid and a liquid. The solid is milk protein. Liquid casein is natural glue. The baking soda it neutralizes the...
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...Exp’t 112 Isolation of Casein, Lactose, and Albumin from Milk Adapted by R. Minard (Penn State Univ.) from Introduction to Organic Laboratory Techniques: A Microscale Approach, Pavia, Lampman, Kriz & Engel, Saunders, 1990. Revised 3/20/2000 PreLab Exercise: Draw a mechanism for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the acetal bond in lactose; see reaction below. Hint: your textbook may be of some help; first identify the functional group that is undergoing a reaction and consider the catalyzed used. H HO OH CH2OH O O H OH H2C OH O HO HO OH OH H2C OH O HO HO + HO OH H2O OH CH2OH O HO H + D -Galactose D -Glucose OH α-Lactose: D -Galactose+ D -Glucose Introduction: The Chemistry of Milk Milk is a food of exceptional interest. Not only is milk an excellent food for the very young, but humans have also adapted milk, specifically cow’s milk, as a food substance for persons of all ages. Many specialized milk products like cheese, yogurt, butter, and ice cream are staples of our diet. Milk is probably the most nutritionally-complete food that can be found in nature. This property is important for milk, since it is the only food young mammals consume in the nutritionally significant weeks following birth. Whole milk contains vitamins (principally thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and vitamins A, D, and K), minerals (calcium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and trace metals), proteins (which include all the essential amino acids), carbohydrates (chiefly lactose), and lipids...
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...“JACKFRUIT SAP AS ONE OF THE ADDITIVE COMPONENTS IN MAKING GLUE” Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research II Science Department (1st Shift) Iligan City National High School SY 2009-2010 Clyde Abaño Dave Louis Bardago Dindo Caminos Jean Claude Gocela Carmela Goc-ong Rebecca Matados Mrs. Annallee Q. Aron Research II Teacher TABLE OF CONTENTS Preliminary Page Pages Title page Approval Sheet Abstract Acknowledgement I. Introduction 1.1 Background of the Study 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem 2 1.3 Significance of the Study 2 II. Review of Related Literature 2.1 Review of Related Literature 3 2.2 Conceptual Framework 4 2.3 Theoretical Framework 4 2.4 Hypothesis 4 2.5 Definition of Terms 4 III. Methodology Materials and Equipments 5 Sample 5 Instrumentation 6 Procedure 6 Research Design 5 Statistical Test 6 IV. Results and Discussions ILIGAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL APPROVAL SHEET This research study entitled “Jackfruit Sap as an Additive Components in Making Glue” prepared by the Science Curriculum students namely Dave Louis Bardago, Dindo Caminos , Jean Claude Gocela , Clyde Abaño , Carmela Goc-ong, and Rebecca Matados PANEL Mrs. Annallee Q. Aron Research II Adviser ______________________________ ______________________________ Panel Member Panel Member ...
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...Classification of Adhesives: There are two main classes of adhesives: thermoplastic and thermosetting. Thermoplastic sets either my loss of solvent or by cooling. It will soften again by applying the solvent to the glue line or by re-heating. Thermosetting sets and solidifies through a chemical reaction and is irreversible. Adhesives that set at room temperature are known as 'cold-setting' and those that require heating up to a temperature perhaps in the case of pearl glue 40 and others up to 100 degrees C are known as 'hot-setting'. Types of Adhesives: Animal. Known as scotch glue (yes glue!), pearl or hide glue. Made from the hides, hoofs and bones of animals. Available now in cake or more likely supplied in small beads. It is essential for restoration work, veneering and other applications where compatibility with original artefacts is needed. Used extensively in the musical instrument industries. It is for internal use only and has high gap filling properties. Fish glue is also available which is made out of fish offal and skins. Good for small repairs. Not recommended for structural work. Casein. Manufactured from soured, skimmed milk curbs which are dried and crushed into a powder form. General joinery and woodwork use. It may stain some hardwoods and oak is particularly prone to darken. To use the powder it is mixed with cold water into a smooth creamy paste. Developed in WW2 for the manufacture of the Mosquito plane which was largely made...
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...“JACKFRUIT SAP AS ONE OF THE ADDITIVE COMPONENTS IN MAKING GLUE” Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research II Science Department (1st Shift) Iligan City National High School SY 2009-2010 Clyde Abaño Dave Louis Bardago Dindo Caminos Jean Claude Gocela Carmela Goc-ong Rebecca Matados Mrs. Annallee Q. Aron Research II Teacher TABLE OF CONTENTS Preliminary Page Pages Title page Approval Sheet Abstract Acknowledgement I. Introduction 1.1 Background of the Study 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem 2 1.3 Significance of the Study 2 II. Review of Related Literature 2.1 Review of Related Literature 3 2.2 Conceptual Framework 4 2.3 Theoretical Framework 4 2.4 Hypothesis 4 2.5 Definition of Terms 4 III. Methodology Materials and Equipments 5 Sample 5 Instrumentation 6 Procedure 6 Research Design 5 Statistical Test 6 IV. Results and Discussions ILIGAN CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL APPROVAL SHEET This research study entitled “Jackfruit Sap as an Additive Components in Making Glue” prepared by the Science Curriculum students namely Dave Louis Bardago, Dindo Caminos , Jean Claude Gocela , Clyde Abaño , Carmela Goc-ong, and Rebecca Matados PANEL Mrs. Annallee Q. Aron Research II Adviser ______________________________ ______________________________ Panel Member Panel Member ...
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...What is Microbiology? Microbiology is the study of organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye. Originally, emphasis was placed on harmful micro organisms which cause disease or spoilage of beverages and food, but it is now recognized that many microbes have essential roles in our ecosystem or can be used to accomplish beneficial tasks. Human history is full of examples of major devastations caused by bacteria and viruses. Some of these historically important diseases still occur, such tuberculosis and yellow fever. Microorganisms are evolving to cause new infectious disease problems such as Lyme disease and AIDS, which capture public attention. Control and eradication of infectious diseases remain important goals of many microbiologists. The recognition that microorganisms were responsible for what was earlier thought to be "spontaneous generation" opened the door to industrial (pharmaceutical, chemical, energy) and food microbiology, technologies which contribute substantially to today's way of life. Microorganisms in soil and water are essential in the transformation of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and iron to products needed by plants and animals. In various ways, microbes participate in environmental cycling and degradation and global change. In the last few decades, microorganisms have been recognized as ideal model systems for the study of basic biological processes. More recently, microbiologists have brought an exciting dimension to the study of biology...
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...Colloidal and surface phenomena project “Hair conditioner” Group members Juan Carlos Alva Nieto Ken-Tye Yong Anthony Rivers 4 / 9 / 2002 Contents Introduction “What is hair conditioner?”……………………………………………………………….2 Hair conditioner as consumer product……………………………………………….……3 Hair chemistry Human hair description……………………………………………………………….…...4 Macroemulsions and Microemulsions…………………………………………………….5 The Stability of emulsions………………………………………………………………...8 Foams “What is Foams?”…………………………………………………………………………9 The Stability of foams………………………………………………………………….….9 Interactions of surfactants and polymer with hair………………………………………..10 Adsorption………………………………………………………………………………..11 Types of hair conditioners “Detanglers”……………………………………………………………………………...11 “Reconstructor”…………………………………………………………………………..14 Making procedure for the emulsion products……………………………………………16 Packaging………………………………………………………………………………...17 “Moisturizer”…………………………………………………………………………….18 Process control…………………………………………………………………………...20 References………………………………………………………………………………..20 Introduction What is hair conditioner? Hair conditioners are basically designed to restore hair to its natural state rather than produce an artificial effect. Mostly, the hair conditions have treatments of washing to dyeing or to sustain permanent waving hair [7]. Hair conditioner has also the ability to undo the damage by giving...
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