...Tadreca Hill March 29, 2013 Europe Midterm 2 Exam Cultural and Political Movement Cultural and Political Movement The effects of World War I left Europe in a total destruction. World War I brought trauma to the countries in Europe with the effects of total war. Nations, and different cultures within nations, responded in different ways to the collective trauma of war and its outcome (Kramer 278). Many countries began to have new political movements to deal post war trauma in their cultural. These political movement were put in place to keep another war from outbreaking. There were movement of fascism, nationalism, socialism, and communist party. In Europe the first world war brought on a time where Europe would not be the dominant country as they once were. They would try to regain their status, but in order to do that, they would need a political movement. In Europe socialist movement as a whole, large numbers of former internationalists became patriots overnight when war was declared (Fitzpatrick 37). The socialist movement would not last. Germany was the country which hurt the most. After the signing of the treaty versaille, Germany was left with not much to grow from. The post war brought on new prograndgan for a new government. Posters of various parties, socialist, communist, liberal, Catholic, conservative, fascist, a panoply of images reflecting the diversity and chaos of Weimar politics (Weitz 46). In 1919 the DAP or German Workers Party came to the scene...
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...The New Left and Students for Democratic Society emerged in 1960. They were a group of young, highly educated and highly motivated students. The SDSers came from very privileged and political backgrounds. They were definitely not your average teenagers. The members of SDS were very concerned with the state of the country and government. They wanted to end poverty, eradicate racial injustice and make the world a better place for everyone. When they first started out, the party was very efficient and organized. As the decade moved on, however, the party’s ideologies and political stance changed. They began to split over political beliefs, drug use and tactics. I intend to map out Doug McAdam’s political process model to determine where they went wrong and ultimately failed with their anti-Vietnam movement. The political process model states that in order to start a social movement, three things must occur. They are; structure of political opportunities, use of indigenous organizational strength and realizing cognitive liberation. The SDS started out on the same page, working to support the Civil Rights movement in the early 60’s. They published the Port Huron Statement in 1962. “They wanted a society based on participatory democracy governed by two aims; first, that individuals participate in decisions determining the quality and direction of their lives, and second, that the society be organized to encourage independence and to provide for such common participation” (Klatch...
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...Politics have come a long way from Niccolo Machiavelli in the late 1400’s to current political philosophers of the twentieth century. Many of those great theorists had one single thing in common: they have strived to break old concepts of political thought, being it racial and gender inequality, or ideas on how to be a leader with less opposition. In modern politics, after a long period of centralized governments, the brief trend of gaining freedom and equality has been deteriorating and the creation of an illusion of freedom has slowly replaced the true freedom of speech and thought. In the times of Machievelli, governments were centralized under the power of a prince. Machiavelli discussed how a prince should act in order to be fully respected and maintain full power. He suggested that a prince should do whatever was necessary to achieve his objectives and never rely only on ideals; additionally, no price was too high to pay for success, and a prince should focus more on being loved than feared if not possible to have both at the same time. On the same thought, “a prince should not worry if he incurs reproach for his cruelty so long as he keeps his subjects united and loyal”, in other words, a prince should sometimes be cruel. Moreover, Machiavelli did not believe in individual freedom. Even the prince needed to follow rules to maintain his success and everyone else had to follow the prince’s orders and live with fear. Hobbes had a similar view of...
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...Eyes on the Prize is a documentary that follows the progression of the African American civil rights movement from 1954 to 1985. This documentary is split into two separate volumes, America’s Civil Rights Years (1954-1964) and American at the Racial Crossroads (1965-1985). The entirety of this documentary is about 14 hours long, so I only watched the first volume: America’s Civil Rights Years. This documentary provides a vast amount of personal accounts and interviews from various people who were directly and/or indirectly linked to the civil rights movement. These interviews gave the individual perspectives of the movement, which were all unique, but established similarities in the feelings of social injustices and prejudices. This documentary did a good job in showing how these individual experiences developed and united to form the civil rights movement. The first volume of Eyes on the Prize hints at the mobilization and political process perspectives mentioned in the introduction of Goodwin /Jasper textbook. The migration of blacks out of the agricultural south provided new resources and opportunities that weren’t available before. The acquisition of these resources including social networking and organizational infrastructure allowed a place to discuss the social injustices brought upon them. Some of the interviewees in the documentary made mentions of going to the churches to unionize, a luxury that wasn’t available before. During this time, World War II was looming...
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...the Chartism’s support in terms of economic pressure, national political movement and inclusive cultural community. 3) The essay will explore how the three factors were important in the speech for gaining support for Chartism and which proved to be the more dominant factor. Economic Pressure 1) At the time of Chartism, economy was on a downturn, especially in regards to the poorer classes. 2) Use quotes from the speech to demonstrate economic pressures identified. 3) Refer to Asa Briggs secondary Source, who advocates the significance of economic pressure. National Political Movement 1) Explore how political references and terminology was used in the speech. 2) Provide quotes from the speech as evidence of political movement. 3) Quote Gareth Stedman Jones Secondary Source in reference to political movement. Cultural Community 1) Chartism was directed to both men and women, show evidence of this from the speech. 2) Refer to Dorothy Thompson Secondary Source providing evidence that women were involved. Conclusion 1) Discuss all three factors being evident in the speech. 2) Reflect on evidence showing political movement to be the more dominant factor. Words = 196 Part 2 In no more than 800 words, write an essay in response to the above question. The essay will discuss the three factors used in the speech to gain support for Chartism. Chartism was a movement prominent between 1839-1848 when England was...
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...Social Movement and Gender Paper Marco Ovid-DeSouza SOC/333 May 12, 2015 Matthew Szlapak Social Movement and Gender Paper Women in today's society live very different lives from those who lived in the late 1800s. Women throughout the last century petitioned, protested, and marched for equality and the rights that men inherently were born with. It took several social movements during the 20th century to attain higher education, gain independents, to vote, and to have the rights to choose. These social movements came in three significant waves. The first wave gave women a voice and granted them limit rights and independence. In the second wave, women fought for equality in the workplace and sexual freedom. The third wave brought gender violence, reproductive rights, and other issues to the forefront. Each social movement raised awareness, further forcing society to address the issues of inequality. Looking back at these movements, they were vital stepping-stones to the changes seen in society today. This paper will describe three social movements, the social and political environment at the times the movements occurred, and the effect each movement had on society. It will explain how each movement changed public opinion on gender issues and the effects it has had on gender view today. Social Movements The Suffragists With the first wave came the suffragists, which called for the equal right to vote among other liberties. The late 1800s and early 1900s was a very...
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...When defining politics or political consciousness, the average person will resort to the obvious: that it’s an understanding of power in social, political and economic systems. We associate the word “politics” with flashy campaigns, thousands of wasted dollars on annoying advertisements, speeches, debates, idolized men such as the Kennedy’s, the list goes on. However, to contrary what the public eye might be led to believe, there is also an entirely different side to politics than what most are steered into believing. Robin Kelley highlights this other side of politics in his article “We Are Not What We Seem- Rethinking Black Working –Class Opposition in the Jim Crow South”. Kelly brings to light the idea of infrapolitics or the concept that “the circumspect struggle waged daily by subordinate groups is, like infrared rays, beyond the visible end of the spectrum. That it should be invisible is in large part by design- a tactical choice born of a prudent awareness of the balance of power.” We need look past the obvious and question “what aren’t we seeing or hearing?” In reaching an understanding of these infrapolitics, we are able to identify with the oppressed people in political history and find motives in their actions, specifically in the events of the Civil Rights Movement. However, when considering the Civil Rights Movement, we must think of it not as a single event in history, but as a mass of small-scale movements. Instead of associating with the idolized figures in...
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...Assignment: A movement that is changing the world Shadrach Diamond Kaplan University SS 310-06 April 25, 2012 The 1960s was a decade filled with changes that had an effect on the nation and the world like none other. During this period, Civil Rights movements took place, the country was at war, a U.S. president was assassinated, and humans walked on the moon. Music and television were creating a completely different culture. For the first time a presidential election was broadcast on TV giving millions of Americans the ability see this event, and the Beatles were influencing the youth with their magical music and lyrics. The events that occurred in this decade not only touched this planet as a whole, but it also made an impression on my personal life. The city I live in saw a big change during the Civil Rights movement in the 1960s. New Orleans, Louisiana, has a large black population who shared the same dream that Martin Luther King spoke about at the Capital. “On August 28, 1963, more than 250,000 people from across the nation came together in Washington, D.C. to peacefully demonstrate their support for the passage of a meaningful civil rights bill, an end to racial segregation in schools and the creation of jobs for the unemployed” (Hansan, n.d.). Martin Luther King Jr. was a pioneer for the Civil Rights movement who encouraged other people to follow him and help change the country’s laws. Because of the advancements in the Civil Rights movement for...
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...requested federal intervention, and President Johnson sent assistance. The riots continued until July 27. Although the initial cause for the rebellion was white police presence in a predominantly black neighborhood, there were also several underlying causes for the rioting. Police brutality, cycle of poverty, and lack of political representation for blacks all contributed to the uprising, as well as similar ones happening in other cities. In Detroit in 1967, police harassment and brutality was commonplace. Lack of affordable housing and housing discrimination was an ongoing problem Job discrimination led to poverty and economic inequality for blacks in Detroit. All these factors combined to present the circumstances under which the Detroit Rebellion took place. The state of affairs for blacks in Detroit during this time created a deep rooted feeling of despair and anger. The frustration with the slow pace of progress in the struggle for equality was a main contributing element that led to violence and rioting in Detroit, and many other black urban areas in the 1960s. In addition, a shift from the non-violent methods of the mainstream civil rights movement, to a more militant approach by new emerging leaders, left desperate people looking for a way to fight for their rights by any means necessary. All of this left blacks in Detroit feeling, more than...
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...The Integration of Baseball & its Effect on Social Movements The integration of baseball during 1947-1959 was a time period where barriers were broken resulting in positive social changes that would alleviate class conflicts. Social changes through integration of baseball helped the Civil Rights movements although its major impacts weren’t made until the late 1960s. Baseball players were praised within the sport of baseball; however, their social status still remained the same. What was the impact of the integration of baseball on the Civil Rights movement and the social status of African Americans? These players did great things to help change the game of baseball, but were not respected by majority of their peers. The challenges that did players had to face were ridiculous. Recognized as superstars on the field, baseball players like Jackie Robinson were looked down upon by society because of their skin color. Therefore, the effects of baseball integration on society was crucial for the Civils Rights movement, but its impact was limited at best for individual baseball players and for the collective African American society since their social status as a whole remained the same. This would lead to residual class conflicts. Even the process of baseball integration was not smooth as some teams embraced integration for various reasons such as competitive advantage or box office potential, but others such as the American League’s old guard faced public pressure to limit the integration...
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...I have learned a lot about the concepts that involve social movements and collective action. The four that will be discussed are as follows: counter movements, myth of grassroots, emotions, and collective memories. Growing up my mother also told me that I will encounter people who will not agree with what I value and believe in. The same is true for many social movements. Many movements have opposing movements, this is called, counter movement. According to Staggenborg, a counter movement is defined as, “a set of opinions and beliefs in a population opposed to a social movement” (Staggenborg 2011:6). A counter movement is formed because a social movement has risen and the counter movement is trying to oppose the values, beliefs, and standards...
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...Collective Action for Social Movements Rosa Parks gained the title “mother of the civil rights movement” when she refused to give up her bus seat to a white person (Loeb, 2010, p. 1). This was not Parks’ first involvement in a social movement. Before this event, Parks had been involved with her local NAACP chapter for 12 years. While attending a training camp on civil rights, Parks learned about a bus boycott by a Montgomery woman that occurred the previous spring. As you can see, Parks decision not to give up her bus seat did not occur on a whim. “Rather, she was part of a longstanding effort to create change” (Loeb, 2010, p.2). The social movement for African Americans’ rights was successful due to many people working together towards a common goal. Rosa Parks worked together with others such as E. D. Nixon, the Brotherhood of Sleeping Cars Porters union, local teachers, and the Montgomery African American community (Loeb, 2010). The Chicano Movement is another example of a united group and their long journey to accomplish rights for Mexican Americans. On the morning of March 3, 1968, over a thousand students walked down the streets of East Los Angeles (Muñoz, 1989). By the end of the day, ten thousand students had joined the movement. The protest “disrupted the largest school district in the nation” (Muñoz, 1989, p. xi). The protest lasted a week and a half. It was the first large scale protest of Mexican Americans and its major purpose was to “protest racist...
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...1. What are the four stages that social movements often go through? What typically happens in each stage? First step is defining the problem, activists and individuals draw attention. A common second step is acceptance by a community or enough people. New Demands come about when people are not happy with what the government has done to help the situation.Rejection and reformulation is a fourth step a social problem may have to go through if the problem is not resolved or if not enough people back it or view it as relevant enough. 2. What is one issue that researchers have in studying social movements? Discuss why this is an issue. One problem researchers have is determining exactly when social movements start. In many cases, the injustice has...
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...Political Movements in the 20th Century HUM/300 Political Movements in the 20th Century During the 20th century several major political events took place that changed the worldwide view of civilization and shook up the collective consciousness. World War I and II showed the dark side of technology when used to hurt humanity. Civil movements surged around the world as a result of minorities trying to regain their identity, which various governments throughout the world restricted. The authors will examine major political events that had a notable effect on the 20th century, including, the influences of World War I and II, the surge of the Civil Rights Movement, and the Gender Equality Movement. The author’s examination will consider the works of artists and how his or her creative expression reflected the mood of the era. Political Events: World War I and II World War I (WWI) started in 1914, and lasted through 1918. The political event that triggered this war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The war tactics employed in World War I changed the methods and strategies in future conflicts bringing more devastation. Some of the new strategies included trench warfare, chemical warfare, and upgraded technology; it introduced chemical weapons including chlorine and phosgene, which produced devastating damages. The exposure to high levels of these gases resulted in temporary blindness, difficulty...
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...Hello Professor and Class The four spheres of political actions in nursing are the workplace, community, government and organization. The workplace sphere addresses issues affecting jobs and patient care. “This addresses the policy work that is done is a variety of places to influence the size, educational preparation, and competence of the nursing workforce” (Chaffee, Mason, Leavitt, 2014). The community sphere addresses issues affecting community health. “Helping to shape the health and welfare of our communities and the nation fulfills part of nursing’s contract with America’s citizens”. (Ennen, 2011). The government sphere addresses laws, rules and regulations governing nursing practice. Lastly, the organization sphere addresses issues which shape nursing practice. “Nursing professional associations act as advocated for nursing’s unique interests and causes” (Ennen, 2001). These spheres all involve nursing and how nurses can get involved in health policies and make changes to improve healthcare and patient safety....
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